Transcript Body Systems Powerpoint

Human Anatomy and Body Systems
Levels of Organization
Remember, the human body is organized in several levels, from
the simplest to the most complex. . .
CELLS – the basic unit of life
TISSUES– clusters of cells performing a similar function
ORGANS– made of tissues that perform one specific
function
ORGAN SYSTEMS – groups of organs that perform a
specific purpose in the human body
***The purpose of the 11 organ systems is for the human body
to maintain homeostasis.
The 11 Human Body Systems
The Body Systems work together to maintain
homeostasis and carry out the tasks we need to
survive:
The 11 human body systems are as follows:
-- nervous system
-- integumentary system
-- respiratory system
-- digestive system
-- excretory system
-- skeletal system
-- muscular system
-- circulatory system
-- endocrine system
-- reproductive system
-- lymphatic (immune) system
Integumentary System
Skin is the major organ
- Largest organ of the body
- approx. 10-11lbs in adults
Functions:
1.) A mechanical, chemical and biological barrier
+ protects the internal environment
+ protects against fluid and protein loss
2. ) Thermoregulation
+ control of internal temperature
3.) Sensations
+ Receptors for touch, temp., pain
+ Waste elimination
+ Produces vitamin D
The Skeletal System
Purpose: to provide structure and support to the human
body– each bone is an organ--- 206 bones
Joints and cartilage also complete the system.
Functions:
1) Support the body
2) Protect the organs
3) Muscle attachment sites
4) Levers for movement
5) Blood cell formation
6) Mineral storage
The Muscular System
Purpose: works with the skeletal and nervous system to
produce movement, also helps to circulate blood through the
human body– each muscle is an organ– over 600 muscles–
attaches to bone
Amazing
Medical Stories - Season 3, Episode 3
Functions:
1. Contract and relax to
cause movement
2. Stabilize body position
3. Generate heat
The Nervous System
Purpose: produces electrical messages for communication
within the body – one of the most complex yet smallest
systems of the body-- Composed of the brain, spinal cord,
nerves and special sense organs.
Functions:
1. Uses receptors to monitor internal and
external environment
2. Interprets stimuli
3. Responds to stimuli
4. This in turn regulates bodily activities
5. Special senses: taste, smell, sight,
hearing, touch
Diagram of a Nerve Cell
Skin
Hair
Ligaments
Blood Cell Formation
Tendons
Protection
Brain
Thermoregulation
Joints
Spinal Cord
Support
Blood Cell Formation
Sudoriferous Glands
Contract & Relax
Neuron
Heat Generation
The Endocrine System
Purpose: to control growth, development, metabolism and
reproduction through the production and secretion of
hormones
Major Organs
-- hypothalamus
-- pituitary gland
-- thyroid
-- parathyroid
-- adrenal glands
-- pancreas
-- testes
-- ovaries
The Cardiovascular System
Purpose: to deliver oxygenated blood to the various cells and
organ systems in your body so they can undergo cellular
respiration
Composed of:
1. Heart
a) Pump
b) Blood- the cells that flow through the circulatory
system
c) Blood vessels:
i.
Arteries- flow away from heart
ii. Veins- flow toward heart
iii. Capillaries-flow between arteries and veins
The Cardiovascular System
Functions:
 Supplies cells with nutrients and
oxygen
 Removes waste products
 Regulates pH balance
 Regulates water volume
 Regulates temperature
 Defends against disease
 Mends damaged muscles

1. The heart is a 4 chambered pump.
2. Left side- pumps blood through arteries to capillaries.
3. At the capillaries- nutrient rich blood is released into the
tissues.
4. Also at the capillaries- the blood receives waste.
5. Deoxygenated blood returns to the heart thru veins.
6. Right side- pumps blood to the lungs to rid waste and get
oxygen
7. In the course of 1 minute all the blood in the body
circulates thru the heart!!
Image of the Circulatory System
The Lymphatic/Immune System
Purpose: to remove infectious diseases and other pathogens
from the human body
Major Organs: spleen, thymus, lymph nodes, lymph, tonsils
Functions:
1) Return blood supply fluids and proteins
2) Transports lipids
3) Houses lymphocytes that defend the body
The Respiratory System
Purpose: to provide the body with a fresh supply of oxygen
for cellular respiration and remove the waste product carbon
dioxide
Major Organs: Nose, Pharynx, Larynx, Trachea, Bronchi,
Lungs, Alveoli, diaphragm
Functions:
1) Brings air in
2) Transfers oxygen and carbon dioxide
3) Regulates pH
4) Produces sound, by use of vocal cords when air
passes over
***A healthy adult breathes in and out 12-15 times each minute,
exchanging a total of 6 liters of gas per minute!***
Image of the Respiratory System
The Digestive System
Purpose: Breaks down foods into simple
molecules that can be absorbed into the
bloodstream and used by the body
Major Organs:
Mouth
Liver
Esophagus
Gallbladder
Stomach
Small Intestine
Pancreas
Large Intestine
***food that is eaten is not considered “in” the body until it
is digested and absorbed by the digestive tract***
The Digestive System
The Excretory System
Purpose: to rid the body of wastes, including excess water
and salts
Major Organs and Their Functions
Kidneys
Ureters
Bladder
Urethra
Functions
1) Filters blood
2) Eliminates waste
3) Regulates composition of blood
4) Maintains pH
5) Maintains mineral homeostasis
6) Produces urine
7) Regulates RBC production
***Daily 180 liters of water are removed from the blood and 178-179 are
returned to the blood, producing 1-2 liters of urine***
The Excretory System
The Reproductive System
Female vs. Male
Which does which? Male vs. Female:
Produces eggs
Nourishes an embryo
Produces sperm
Delivers a baby
Stores sperm
Produces Hormones
Watches and is relieved its not them!
The Reproductive System
Body
Systems!!
A lot 
Yo mama stinks
Nothing 
What did you
learn today????
600+
Atrium
Breaks Down Food
Vas Deferens
Alveoli
Largest Organ
filters blood & eliminates urine
Hormones
Bronchus
White Blood Cells
Bone Cell Formation
Pain receptors
Cerebrum
-oma
Thermoregulation
See what Hiccups are…? Research it…..