Transcript ST110 Organ Systems_BB

ORGAN SYSTEMS OF THE BODY
ST 110
Concorde Career College, Portland
OBJECTIVES
Define and contrast the terms organ
and organ systems
List the 11 major organ systems of the
body
Identify the major organs of each
major organ system
Identify the primary functions of each system
Identify and discuss the major subdivisions of
the reproductive system
What is an Organ?
An organ is a structure made up of
two or more kinds of tissues
 Organized to perform a complex function
A System is………
 A group of organs arranged to
perform a more complex function
How many major ORGAN Systems
does the human body have?
11
11 Organ Systems are….
1. Integumentary
2. Skeletal
3. Muscular
4. Nervous
5. Endocrine
6. Circulatory
7. Lymphatic
8. Respiratory
9. Digestive
10.Urinary
11.Reproductive
INTEGUMENTARY
Primary Function =
Protection
• Prevents water loss and
invasion of foreign
microorganisms into the body
•Regulates body temperature
•Houses sensory receptors
•Components include skin,
hair, nails, sweat glands,
sebaceous glands
SKELETAL
Primary Function =
Support and Protection
• Attachment points for
muscles
•Produces blood cells
•Stores inorganic
salts/minerals
•Composed of bones, joints,
ligaments, cartilage
MUSCULAR
Primary Function =
Movement & Locomotion
• Produces body heat
•Maintains posture
•Provides support
•Consists of muscles and tendons
*tendons attach muscle to bone*
NERVOUS
Primary Function =
Coordinates and controls
actions of internal organs
and systems
 Memory, learning and
conscious thought
Maintains autonomic
functions such as heartbeat,
breathing, and involuntary
muscle actions
Components are brain,
spinal cord, associated
nerves
ENDOCRINE
Primary Function =
Communicates with
nervous system to
control activity of
internal organs
• Secretes hormones that
regulate metabolism, growth,
reproduction
•Consists of pituitary gland,
pineal gland, ovaries, testes,
thyroid gland
CIRCULATORY
Primary Function =
Transports oxygen, carbon dioxide,
nutrients, waste products, immune
components, hormones
• Defends the body by removing
microorganisms from tissue fluid
•Works with lymphatic system
•Components are heart, arteries,
veins, capillaries, blood
*also called cardiovascular system*
LYMPHATIC
Primary Function =
Part of the circulatory system
that transports excess fluids to
and from the circulatory
system and carries lipids from
digestive organs
• Helps defend the body
against infection
•Components are lymph
nodes, vessels, thymus, spleen
IMMUNE
(LYMPHATIC)
Primary Function =
Defends the body from
microorganisms and viruses
as well as cancer cell growth
•Lymphatic and immune
system are one in the same
•Provides cells that aid in
protection of the body from
disease though antigenantibody response
RESPIRATORY
Primary Function =
Moves oxygen from external
to internal
• Removes carbon dioxide
•Maintains blood pH
•Consists of nasal cavity,
larynx, trachea, bronchi, lungs
(larnx=voice box)
*know trachea and esophagus
DIGESTIVE
Primary Function =
Digests and turns food into
nutrients
• Chemical and mechanical breakdown
breaks food into particles small enough to
pass through bloodstream
•Eliminates solid waste
•Recycles water
•Retains vitamins from food into large
intestine
•Components are mouth, tongue, teeth,
salivary glands, pharynx, esophagus,
stomach, liver, gallbladder, pancreas,
small intestine, large intestine
URINARY
Primary Function =
Regulates fluid volume and
electrolytes
• Removes organic waste from
blood
•Consists of kidneys, urinary
bladder, urethra, ureters
•Flow of urine=kidneys, ureters,
bladder, urethera
REPRODUCTIVE
Male
Primary Function =
Produce hormones that aid in
sexual development and
reproduction
• Consists of scrotum,
testes, penis,
epididymides, vas
deferentia, seminal
vesicles, prostate,
bulbourethral glands,
urethra
REPRODUCTIVE
Primary Function =
Produce hormones that aid
in sexual development and
reproduction
• Comprised of
ovaries, uterine
tubes, uterus, vagina,
vulva, mammary
glands
HOMEOSTASIS
• homeo = same
•stasis = standing still
•A major function in homeostasis is heat
control which involves integration of
integumentary, muscular, nervous, and
circulatory systems
•Hypothalamus in your brain acts as a
thermostat, just like the thermostat in your
house
HOMEOSTASIS
Feedback systems
•Negative Feedback = Causes the reverse
of the response.
Example: In high blood pressure the
blood vessels sense resistance of blood
flow, blood vessels tell the brain, brain tells
the heart and blood vessels, blood vessels
dilate (vasodilatation) which causes the
blood pressure to fall back to normal.
HOMEOSTASIS
Feedback Systems
•Positive Feedback = Increases or
accelerates the response.
Example: During uterine contractions,
oxytocin is produced, which causes an
increase in frequency and strength of
uterine contractions, which in turn produces
more oxytocin.
Terms
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
AppendicitisTestesOvariesHypoplasia
AplasiaAtrophyDysplasia-
• Appendectomy• Angiomegaly• Approximation*know terms on pg. 66
table 4-1*