Transcript Kingdom Animalia: Vertebrates

Warm-Up #7
5/10/13
1) What are the 3 types of body symmetry?
2) Invertes with segmented bodies are called______.
3) The two spots on a planarians are called______ and
they are used to_____.
4) In a closed circulatory system, where is the blood?
5) What is the function of an excretory system?
Vertebrates
Essential Question
What distinguishes
chordates from other
animals?
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Objectives
Examine the
complexity of the
vertebrate body plan
Determine the
structural and
functional adaptations
of vertebrates
Identify the vertebrate
body systems studied
in science
Vertebrates
Animals with a backbone or vertebral
column
 Can be ectothermic or endothermic
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– cold-blooded, body temp.
controlled by behavior
 Endothermic – warm-blooded, generate their
own body heat
 Ectothermic
Vertebrata Classification
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Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
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Subphylum: Vertebrata (Most chordates are
vertebrates)
Class: Vertebrate classes - five main
groups…
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Fishes (include multiple classes)
Amphibia
Reptilia
Aves (Birds)
Mammalia
Fishes
Fishes – most have fins, scales, and gills
 First vertebrates to evolve
 Include multiple classes – 3 main groups
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 Jawless
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fishes
Invertebrates; ex. lampreys, hagfish
 Cartilaginous
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fishes
have cartilage; ex. sharks, skates, rays
Bony fishes
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have hard bone; ex. flounder, clownfish, tuna
Fishes
Feeding – all types
 R,C,E – gills or lungs, closed circulationheart, diffusion/ kidney
 Response – well-developed nervous system
(brain, spinal cord, sense organs)
 Movement – muscles, fins
 Reproduction – sexual (external or internal
fertilization)
 Body Temp. - Ectothermic
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Amphibian = double life
Amphibia
Live in water as larvae, on land as adults
 Breathe with lungs as an adult
 Have moist skin with mucus glands
 Lack scales and claws
 3 Groups
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Salamanders
 Frogs & Toads
 Caecilians (no legs)
Amphibia
Feeding – filter feed, herbivores as larvae;
carnivores as adults
 R,C,E – R- through skin & lungs (gills when
larvae), C- closed with a heart, E- kidneys
 Response – well developed - brain, spinal
cord, sensory organs
 Movement – swim as larvae, limbs as adults
 Reproduction – Sexual (external fertilization,
some internal)
 Body Temp. – Ectothermic
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Cecilian
Reptilia
Dry, scaly skin
 Lungs
 Terrestrial eggs with several membranes
 4 Groups
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 Lizards
and snakes
 Crocodilians
 Turtles and tortoises
 Tuatara (resemble lizards, but different)
Reptilia
Feeding – herbivores, carnivores, omnivores
 R,C,E – R-lungs, C-closed with heart, Ekidneys
 Response – well developed - brain, spinal
cord, sensory organs
 Movement – strong limbs
 Reproduction – sexual (internal fertilization)
 Body Temp. – Ectothermic
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Tuatara
Aves (Birds)
Reptile-like
 Endothermic
 Feathers
 Two legs with scales – walking or perching
 Front limbs modified into wings
 Over 30 different orders
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Aves (Birds)
Feeding – herbivores, carnivores, omnivores;
must eat often to maintain body heat
 R,C,E – R- lungs, C- closed with heart, Ekidneys
 Response – well developed - brain, spinal
cord, sensory organs
 Movement – wings & legs to walk, run, swim,
most fly
 Reproduction – Sexual (internal fertilization)
 Body Temp. – Endothermic
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Mammalia
Hair
 Nourish young with milk
 Breathe air
 4 chambered hearts
 Endothermic
 Classified into 3 groups based on reproduction
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 Placental
Mammals
 Marsupials
 Monotremes
Placental Mammals
Carry young inside uterus until they give
birth.
 Ex. Humans, dogs
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Marsupials
1st period of development occurs inside
mother’s body.
 2nd period occurs in a pouch outside of mom.
 Ex. Kangaroo
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Monotremes
Egg-laying mammals
 Ex. Duck-billed platypus, echidna
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Mammalia
Feeding – herbivores, carnivores, omnivores
 R,C,E – R- lungs, C- closed w/ heart, Ehighly developed kidneys
 Response – highly developed brains
 Movement – wide variety of adaptations
including flexible backbone
 Reproduction – sexual – internal fertilization
 Body Temp. – Endothermic
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Chordates