Transcript Organs

Human Body Review
Levels of Organization
Smallest unit of an organism
Section 7- 4
Muscle cell
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Section:
muscle tissue
Organ
Organ system
Levels of Organization
Cells are organized into….
Section 7- 4
Muscle cell
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Section:
muscle tissue
Organ
Organ system
Levels of Organization
Tissues are organized into….
Section 7- 4
Muscle cell
Go to
Section:
muscle tissue
Organ
Organ system
Levels of Organization
Organs are organized into….
Section 7- 4
Muscle cell
Go to
Section:
muscle tissue
Organ
Organ system
Levels of Organization
Organs are organized into….
Section 7- 4
Muscle cell
Go to
Section:
muscle tissue
Organ
Organ system
Figure 35-2 Human Organ Systems Part I
Which Organ System?
Section 35-1
Function: Provides a
stable internal
environment and
protects underlying
tissues from pathogens
and UV radiation, skin
gets rid of waste
Figure 35-2 Human Organ Systems Part I
Which Organ System?
Section 35-1
Integumentary System
Which Body System?
• Function: Supports
and protects the body,
stores minerals &
nutrients, produces
red blood cells, works
with the muscular
system to produce
movement
Which Body System?
• Skeletal System
Which Body System?
• Function: Breaks
down food into
smaller nutrients that
can be absorbed and
used by the body
Which Body System?
• Digestive System
Which Organ System?
Section 35-1
Organs/Structures:
Brain, Spinal Cord
and the Nerves.
Figure 35-2 Human Organ Systems Part I
Section 35-1
The Nervous
System
Which Organ System?
• Organs / Structures:
Adrenal gland,
pituitary gland, thyroid
glands and the
pancreas
Which Organ System?
• Endocrine System
Which Body System?
• Organs/ Structures:
Heart, blood and
blood vessels
(arteries, veins and
capillaries)
Which Body System?
• Cardiovascular or
Circulatory System
Which Body System?
• Organs / Structures:
Thymus, spleen,
tonsils and lymph
nodes
Which Body System?
• Lymphatic
Which Body System?
• Organs / Structures:
Nose, pharynx,
larynx, trachea,
bronchi, lungs and
alveoli
Which Body System?
• Respiratory System
Which Body System?
• Organs / Structures:
Biceps, triceps and
tendons
Which Body System?
• Muscular System
Which Body System?
• Function: Filters and
removes waste form
the blood
Which Body System?
• Excretory or Urinary
System
Which Type of Tissue?
•
______________
Tissue – cells pack
tightly together
and cover and
protect underlying
tissue
Which Type of Tissue?
•
Epithelial Tissue –
cells pack tightly
together and cover
and protect
underlying tissue
3 Types of Joints
Bones in the
hands
Allow bones to rotate
and move freely in all
directions.
Hip or shoulder
The elbow
3 Types of Joints
Ball-and-socket joints
Allow bones to rotate
and move freely in all
directions.
Bones in the
hands
Hip or shoulder
The elbow
Which Type of Tissue?
•
________________
Tissue – contracts
and relaxes for
movement
Which Type of Tissue?
•
Muscle Tissue –
contracts and
relaxes for
movement
Where is the Clavicle?
Section 36-1
Skull
Axial
Skeleton
1
5
Ribs
Vertebral
column
Scapula
Humerus
Radius
Pelvis
Ulna
Carpals
Metacarpals
Phalanges
2
Patella
3
4
Tarsals
Metatarsals
Phalanges
Appendicular
Skeleton
Where is the Clavicle?
Section 36-1
Skull
Axial
Skeleton
Clavicle
5
Ribs
Vertebral
column
Scapula
Humerus
Radius
Pelvis
Ulna
Carpals
Metacarpals
Phalanges
2
Patella
3
4
Tarsals
Metatarsals
Phalanges
Appendicular
Skeleton
Where is the Femur?
Section 36-1
Skull
Axial
Skeleton
1
5
Ribs
Vertebral
column
Scapula
Humerus
Radius
Pelvis
Ulna
Carpals
Metacarpals
Phalanges
2
Patella
3
4
Tarsals
Metatarsals
Phalanges
Appendicular
Skeleton
Where is the Femur?
Section 36-1
Skull
Axial
Skeleton
1
5
Ribs
Vertebral
column
Scapula
Humerus
Radius
Pelvis
Ulna
Carpals
Metacarpals
Phalanges
Femur
Patella
3
4
Tarsals
Metatarsals
Phalanges
Appendicular
Skeleton
Which Type of Tissue?
•
________________
Tissue – joins,
supports, protects,
and nourishes
organs
Which Type of Tissue?
•
Connective Tissue
– joins, supports,
protects, and
nourishes organs
3 Types of Joints
Bones in the
hands
allow bones to glide over
one another.
Hip or shoulder
The elbow
3 Types of Joints
Gliding joints allow
bones to glide over one
another.
Bones in the
hands
Hip or shoulder
The elbow
Types of Joints
acts like a hinge of a
door and allows
movement in one
direction
Bones in the
hands
Hip or shoulder
The elbow
Types of Joints
Hinge joints acts like a
hinge of a door and
allows movement in one
direction
Bones in the
hands
Hip or shoulder
The elbow
Figure 36-11 Opposing Muscle Pairs
Where is the Bicep?
Section 36-2
1
2
Figure 36-11 Opposing Muscle Pairs
Where is the Bicep?
Section 36-2
Bicep
2
Esophagus?
1
6
7
2
3
4
5
8
9
10
11
Esophagus?
1
6
Esophagus
2
3
4
5
8
9
10
11
Liver?
1
6
7
2
3
4
5
8
9
10
11
Liver?
1
6
7
Liver
3
4
5
8
9
10
11
Pancreas?
1
6
7
2
3
4
5
8
9
10
11
Pancreas?
1
6
7
2
3
4
5
8
Pancreas
10
11
Small
Intestine?1
6
7
2
3
8
9
4
5
10
11
Small
Intestine?1
6
7
2
3
8
9
Small
Intestine
5
10
11
Gall Bladder?
1
6
7
2
3
8
9
4
5
10
11
Gall Bladder?
1
6
7
2
Gall
Bladder
4
5
8
9
10
11
Salivary
Glands?
1
6
7
2
3
8
9
4
5
10
11
Salivary
Glands?
1
Salivary
Glands
7
2
8
3
9
4
5
10
11
Stomach?
1
6
7
2
8
3
9
4
5
10
11
Stomach?
1
6
7
2
Stomach
3
9
4
5
10
11
Which Type of Tissue?
•
________________
Tissue – sends
electrical signals
throughout the
body.
Which Type of Tissue?
•
Nervous Tissue –
sends electrical
signals throughout
the body.
Where are the nasal
sinuses?
1
2
4
3
5
Where are the nasal
sinuses?
Nasal
Sinuses
2
4
3
5
Where are the alveoli?
1
2
4
3
5
Where are the alveoli?
1
2
4
3
Where is the trachea?
1
2
4
3
5
Where is the trachea?
1
2
4
5
Where is the larynx?
1
2
4
3
5
Where is the larynx?
1
2
3
5
Figure 35-2 Human Organ Systems Part I
Which Organ System?
Section 35-1
Function: Gathers
information from
the body’s
environment and
coordinates the
body’s reactions to
it, sends electrical
signals
Figure 35-2 Human Organ Systems Part I
Section 35-1
The Nervous
System
Figure 35-2 Human Organ Systems Part I
Which Organ System?
Section 35-1
Organs/Structures:
Skin, Hair, and Nails
Figure 35-2 Human Organ Systems Part I
Which Organ System?
Section 35-1
Integumentary System
Which Organ System?
• Function: Controls
long term body
processes like body
fluid balance, growth
and sexual
development by
producing hormones
Which Organ System?
• Endocrine System
Which Body System?
• Organs / Structures:
Femur, clavicle, and
ribs:
Which Body System?
• Skeletal System
Which Body System?
• Function: Transport
blood (which carries
oxygen and food for
the cells) throughout
the body
Which Body System?
• Cardiovascular or
Circulatory System
Which Body System?
• Function: Collects
extra fluid and returns
it to the blood, it also
helps with filtering out
germs that can hurt
you
Which Body System?
• Lymphatic
Which Body System?
• Organs / Structures:
Mouth, esophagus,
stomach, intestines,
rectum and anus.
Accessory organs
include: liver,
pancreas and
gallbladder
Which Body System?
• Digestive System
Which Body System?
• Function: Takes in
oxygen and expels
carbon dioxide
Which Body System?
• Respiratory System
Which Body System?
• Function: Provides
movement for the
skeleton
Which Body System?
• Muscular System
Which Body System?
• Organs / Structures:
Kidneys, ureters,
urethra, bladder and
nephrons
Which Body System?
• Excretory or Urinary
System
Where is the Jugular Vein?
1
2
Where is the Jugular Vein?
2
What is # 2?
2
What is # 2?
Which one takes blood TO the
brain?
Which one takes blood TO the
brain?
-takes blood to the brain
Which one is the Spinal Cord?
1
2
3
Which one is the Spinal Cord?
1
3
What are the cells called that make
up the nervous system?
What are the cells called that make
up the nervous system?
Neurons!
2
3
1
Neurons are eukaryotic
cells. What is # 1?
2
3
Nucleus
Neurons are eukaryotic
cells. What is # 1?
2
3
Nucleus
Neurons send signals to
other neurons along
axons. Which is an axon?
Axon
3
Nucleus
Neurons send signals to
other neurons along
axons. Which is an axon?
Axon
3
Nucleus
Neurons receive signals at
# 3. What is # 3 called?
Axon
Dendrite
Nucleus
Neurons receive signals at
# 3. What is # 3 called?
Where is the Pituitary?
Where is the Pituitary?
Pituitary
Where are the Adrenal Glands?
Where are the Adrenal Glands?
Adrenal
Gland
Where is the Thymus?
Where is the Thymus?
Thymus
Where is the Thyroid?
Where is the Thyroid?
Thyroid
Where is the bladder?
1
2
Where is the bladder?
1
Bladder
Where are the kidneys?
1
2
Where are the kidneys?
Kidneys
2
Where are the function of the
kidneys?
Kidneys
2
Where are the function of the
kidneys?
Kidneys – filter
harmful wastes
from the blood
2
Where are the
lymph nodes?
2
3
1
4
5
Where are the
lymph nodes?
2
3
1
4
5
# 1 – lymph nodes
Where is the
spleen?
2
3
1
4
5
Where is the
spleen?
2
3
1
4
5
#4 - spleen
Where is the
thymus?
2
3
1
4
5
Where is the
thymus?
2
3
1
4
5
# 3 - Thymus
Which Organ?
Mixes, squeezes and adds
digestive enzymes to food to
create chyme
Stomach
Mixes, squeezes and adds
digestive enzymes to food to
create chyme
Which Organ?
Pockets in the Lungs where
oxygen and carbon dioxide are
exchanged
Alveoli
Pockets in the Lungs where
oxygen and carbon dioxide are
exchanged
Which Organ?
Place in the digestive system that is the major
site of chemical digestion; where nutrients
leave the digestive system and enter the
circulatory system.
Small Intestine
Place in the digestive system that is the major
site of chemical digestion; where nutrients
leave the digestive system and enter the
circulatory system.
Which Organ?
Absorbs water from undigested
material to compact wastes into
feces
Large Intestines
Absorbs water from undigested
material to compact wastes into
feces
Which Organ?
Contracts and relaxes to provide
movement for the arm
Bicep & Tricep
Contracts and relaxes to provide
movement for the arm
Which Organ?
Is the longest bone in the body. Creates red
blood cells, stores minerals and fats, works
with the muscular system to provide
movement, and provides protection and
support
Femur
Is the longest bone in the body. Creates red
blood cells, stores minerals and fats, works
with the muscular system to provide
movement, and provides protection and
support
Which Organ?
Filters harmful substances like
urea and salts from the blood
Kidneys
Filters harmful substances like
urea and salts from the blood
Which Organ?
Controls all of the other glands of the
endocrine system (is the “King”) and
stimulates skeletal growth
Pituitary
Controls all of the other glands of the
endocrine system (is the “King”) and
stimulates skeletal growth
Which Organ?
Creates insulin which helps regulate
the amount of sugar in the blood; also
creates juices that neutralize the acid
in chyme
Pancreas
Creates insulin which helps regulate
the amount of sugar in the blood; also
creates juices that neutralize the acid
in chyme
Which Organ?
Made of cardiac muscle that never
becomes fatigued or tired; pumps
blood throughout the body
Heart
Made of cardiac muscle that never
becomes fatigued or tired; pumps
blood throughout the body
Which Organ?
Major organ of the respiratory
system; exchanges oxygen for
carbon dioxide
Lungs
Major organ of the respiratory
system; exchanges oxygen for
carbon dioxide
Which Organ?
Air sacs within the lungs that are
surrounded by capillaries; place where
carbon dioxide and oxygen are
exchanged.
Alveoli
Air sacs within the lungs that are
surrounded by capillaries; place where
carbon dioxide and oxygen are
exchanged.
Which Organ?
Muscle below the lungs that
contracts and relaxes to push and
pull air in and out of the lungs
Diaphragm
Muscle below the lungs that
contracts and relaxes to push and
pull air in and out of the lungs
Which Organ?
Organs of the lymphatic system that
filter dead cells and harmful pathogens
like bacteria and viruses from the body
Lymph Nodes
Organs of the lymphatic system that
filter dead cells and harmful pathogens
like bacteria and viruses from the body
Which Organ?
Protect the lungs and the heart,
provide support, produce red blood
cells; store minerals and fats
Ribs
Protect the lungs and the heart,
provide support, produce red blood
cells; store minerals and fats
Which Organ?
Stores urine until it is eliminated
from the body
Bladder
Stores urine until it is eliminated
from the body
Which Organ?
Removes water from undigested
food and returns it to the body;
stores and eliminates solid waste
Large Intestine
Removes water from undigested
food and returns it to the body;
stores and eliminates solid waste
Which Organ?
Protects underlying tissues from the
sun’s UV radiation, regulates body
temperature, gets rid of wastes
Skin
Protects underlying tissues from the
sun’s UV radiation, regulates body
temperature, gets rid of wastes
Which Organ?
Transmits electrical signals
between the brain and the rest of
the body
Spinal Cord
Transmits electrical signals
between the brain and the rest of
the body
Which Organ?
Creates bile which is used to break
down fats; breaks down drugs and
other substances for the body
Liver
Creates bile which is used to break
down fats; breaks down drugs and
other substances for the body
Which Organ?
Center of the central nervous
system; controls the body,
emotions, and thinking
Brain
Center of the central nervous
system; controls the body,
emotions, and thinking
Which Organ?
Regulates the metabolism of the
body or the rate at which the body
uses energy
Thyroid
Regulates the metabolism of the
body or the rate at which the body
uses energy
Which Organ?
Defend the body against infection,
produces antibodies
Tonsils
Defend the body against infection
All Living things are made up of
one or more…
CELLS!!
Which of the following is NOT a
function of the integumentary
system?
A)
B)
C)
D)
Regulate Temperature
Protection against Pathogens
Sensory input
Mineral Storage
D) Mineral Storage
Which of the following is a
primary function of the skeletal
system?
A)
B)
C)
D)
Protection of internal organs
Sensory input
Circulation of nutrients to the cells
To get rid of harmful wastes
A) Protection of internal organs
Which of the following organs
does not belong with the rest?
A)
B)
C)
D)
Esophagus
Stomach
Large intestines
Trachea
D) Trachea
Which organ system’s main
function is to break down food into
the nutrients needed to be
absorbed into the blood?
•
•
•
•
A) Circulatory System
B) Digestive System
C) Integumentary System
D) Nervous System
B) Digestive System
Which organ of the digestive
system is responsible for
producing bile that breaks
down fats in the small
intestines?
A)
B)
C)
D)
Pancreas
Liver
Gall Bladder
Stomach
B) Liver
Which of the follow does not
belong with the rest?
A)
B)
C)
D)
Alveoli
Heart
Vessels
Blood
• A) Alveoli
This is the muscle found
under the lungs that contracts
and relaxes to push air in and
out of the lungs.
•
•
•
•
A) Alveoli
B) Bicep
C) Diaphragm
D) Tricep
• C) Diaphragm
Place inside the lungs where
oxygen and carbon dioxide
are exchanged and is
surrounded by capillaries
•
•
•
•
A) Bronchioles
B) Trachea
C) Alveoli
D) Arteries
• C) Alveoli
Two major organs of the
nervous system
BRAIN AND SPINAL CORD
Nerve Cells that transmit signals
are called…
Neurons