Transcript The Circulatory System

The Circulatory System
February 20, 2013
QOD
If you were another person, would you like to be a friend
of yours?
ROD
Circulatory System
Questions about Bill
 When does your heart relax?
 What does the blood carry?
 Where does the heart pump blood?
 How is the heart electrical?
Interesting Facts
 The average person’s heart beats 2.5billion times in a lifetime.
 Your left lung is smaller than your right.
 Clench your fist – the size is more or less the same as your heart.
 Blood in the veins is not blue, but more purple-ish.
 Your heart is closer to the middle of the body than the left.
Circulatory System
 Closed circulatory system = Blood always flows inside blood
vessels .
 There are 3 types of circulation:
 Pulmonary

Systemic
Coronary
Circulatory System
 Made up of 3 components:
 Blood
 Heart
 Blood Vessels
 Function:
 Regulates body temperature
 Transports disease-fighting white blood cells
 Transport substances around the body
 Nutrients  from the digestive system
 O2 & CO2  lungs and muscles
 Waste  from body tissues to the kidneys
Blood – 4 components
 Red Blood Cells (RBC)
 Make up half of the bloods volume
 *Contain hemoglobin
 *Allows O2 transportation
 White Blood Cells (WBC)
 Infection-fighting cells
 >1% of volume in blood
 Only blood cell to contain a nucleus
Blood – 4 components
 Platelets
 Help with blood clotting
 >1% of volume in blood
 Plasma
 Responsible for carrying blood cells, CO2, hormones, waste
 Makes up over half of blood’s volume
 Liquid component of blood
Heart – Blood Flow
 http://www.bbc.co.uk/schools/gcsebitesize/pe/appliedanatomy
/0_anatomy_circulatorysys_rev2.shtml
Heart
 Three types of tissue:
 Cardiac muscle
 Involuntary
 Striated
 Each part contracts at the same time
 Nerve
 Connective – separates atrium from ventricles
Nerve Tissues of the Heart
 SA Node
 AKA pacemaker
 Coordinates heart contraction
 Causes atrium to contract
 AV Node
 Occurs almost immediately
after filling of ventricles
 Causes ventricles to contract
Arteries
Capillaries
Veins
Blood Flow
Carry blood ________ from the
heart
Found in the _______ and
____________
Carry blood ___________ the
heart
Thickness
Have _________ muscular
walls
____________ thick walls
Have __________ walls
Pressure
Contain blood under _________ _________________ pressure
pressure
Contain blood under ______
pressure
Valves
___________ontain valves
__________ valves to prevent
backflow. One – way valves
Links __________ and
_________ together and gas
exchange occurs here
Blood Vessels
Arteries
Capillaries
Veins
Blood Flow
Carry blood away
from the heart
Found in the lungs and Carry blood towards
muscles
the heart
Thickness
Have thick muscular
walls
One-cell thick walls
Have thin walls
Pressure
Contain blood under
high pressure
Very low pressure
Contain blood under
low pressure
Valves
Do not contain valves
Link arteries and veins Have valves to prevent
together and gas
backflow
exchange occurs here
Veins: One-way valves
 Low pressure
 Series of valves: force blood toward the heart
 Ex. Push/Pull doors
Coronary Artery Disease (CAD)
 Most common heart problem
 Coronary Arteries – supplies the heart with blood
 CAD – arteries become partially blocked
 Plaque: fat, cholesterol, calcium
 Causes:
 Poor lifestyle choices
 High-saturated fat diet
 Smoking
 Lack of exercise
 Genetic
Coronary Artery Disease
 Symptoms:
 Tiredness
 Dizziness
 Pain/burning sensation
 Diagnosis:
 X-ray called angiogram
 Uses fluorescent dye
Coronary Artery Disease
Heart Attack
 Coronary Arteries become completely blocked
 Plaque or blood clot
 Heart muscle cells no longer receive O2  Heart stops
pumping, heart tissues die
 Symptoms: chest pain, nausea, sweating, dizziness, fatigue
 Diagnosis:
 Blood test – certain proteins become present when cardiac
muscle tissue dies
 Electrocardiogram (ECG)
Exercise is important!!!
Cycling
Heart & Exercise
 In partners...
1)
2)
3)
4)
5)
Take your resting heart rate
Do jumping jacks/push ups/air squats for 15 seconds
Take your heart rate immediately after
Take your heart rate 1 minute after
Repeat steps 2 and 4 for 30 seconds, 45 seconds, 1 minute
Heart & Exercise
 Lowers/Reverses some heart disease factors
 Increase fat loss
 Heart muscle becomes stronger
 Doesn’t work as hard
 Can pump more blood per beat
 Decreases resting heart rate
 Increases endurance
 Lowers blood pressure
Homework
 Pg. 87 #1, 3, 4, 6, 7, 9