Transcript The Circulatory System

The Circulatory System
Transport System
• Just like Nervous System is your
body’s “Control Center,” Your
Circulatory System has an important
job.
• It is your body’s “Transport System!”
• It’s like a bus driving along a
highway system all over the country.
It takes things where they need to go!
• It’s like a bus driving along a
highway system all over the country.
It takes things where they need to
go!
What’s it’s Job???
• It delivers essential materials to
body cells and removes the waste
materials from the cell.
• Another name for this body system
is the Cardiovascular System.
How Does it Work??
• Blood takes substances to different
parts of your body.
• Along the way, it stops at different
transfer stations (organs), picks up
the needed nutrients, and takes them
to the cells.
Parts of the Circulatory System
• 3 parts:
–Heart
–Blood Vessels
–Blood
Let’s Start with the Heart!
• It’s a pump
• It moves blood through 2 major pathways:
– Pulmonary Circulation- flow of blood from the
heart to the lungs, and then back to the heart.
– Systemic Circulation- moves blood to all the body
tissues except the lungs
Parts of the Heart…
• Your heart is divided into 4 Chambers:
• The 2 upper chambers = Atriums
• The 2 lower champers = Ventricles
• Your heart also has Valves
– Valves open and close in the same direction
to control the flow of blood in the heart.
Pulmonary Circulation
– Pulmonary Arteries: -carry blood with carbon
dioxide from your heart to your lungs. (BLUE)
– Pulmonary Veins:-carry blood filled with oxygen
from your lungs to your heart
(RED)
*80,000 miles of blood vessels are in your body!*
What Makes up your Blood???
•
Your blood has both Liquid and Solid Parts
-Liquid Part:
Plasma -transports blood solids, nutrients, hormones, and other
materials.
-Solid Parts:
1. Red Blood Cells- take oxygen to the cells and carbon dioxide
away from the cells.
2. White Blood Cells- help fight diseases and germs by attacking them
when they enter the body
3. Platelets- help blood clot, which seals cuts and prevents blood loss.
Blood Transfusions:
• You can actually die if you lose too much
blood!
• If your blood isn’t healthy, you can have a
Blood Transfusion- you get hooked up to a
machine and it switches your bad blood with
someone else’s healthy blood (who donated it
to the blood bank).
Blood Types
• There are 4 MAIN blood types:
(A, B, AB, and 0)
• If you have to have a blood transfusion, it has
to be with someone who has your same blood
type!
• If not, it is dangerous! You could have side
effects like having a very high fever, difficulty
breathing, and it could result in death.
•Major organization that
deals with blood donations!
• Blood donations are taken to a Blood Bank
• They make sure the blood is safe and clean
– Only people in good health can donate blood
– A new needle is used every time someone
else gives blood.
– All blood that is given is tested for diseases,
and it is thrown out if it is infected.
Blood Vessels
• -There are 3 types of blood vessels:
• Arteries- they carry blood away from the
heart
• Veins- they carry blood from the body back
to the heart
• Capillaries- tiny tubes that carry blood from
the arteries to the body’s cells, and then from
the cells to the veins (which takes it back to
the heart).
Blood Pressure
• Blood Pressure is the force of blood pushing
against the walls of the arteries as the heart pumps
out blood.
• If this pressure rises and stays high over time, it
can damage the body in many ways.
• Systolic blood pressure is the pressure when the
heart beats while pumping blood.
• Diastolic blood pressure is the pressure when the
heart is at rest between beats.
(National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute
http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/dci/Diseases/Hbp/HBP_WhatIs.html)
Blood Pressure Numbers
Category
Normal
Systolic
(top number)
Diastolic
(bottom number)
Less than 120
And
Less than 80
120–139
Or
80–89
Stage 1
140–159
Or
90–99
Stage 2
160 or higher
Or
100 or higher
Pre-hypertension
High blood
pressure
(National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute
http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/dci/Diseases/Hbp/HBP_WhatIs.html)
Hypertension
• (High Blood Pressure)
• Description: Blood pressure higher than
normal for a long time, can lead to heart
attack, stroke, and kidney failure
• Treatment: Reduce stress/ change diet to
reduce intake of sodium, fats, and cholesterol/
medication/ getting regular check ups
• Description: Cluster of blood cells blocks a blood
vessel in the brain
Stroke
• Treatment: Reduce stress/ change diet to reduce
intake of sodium, fats, and cholesterol/ medication/
getting regular check ups
Heart Attack
• Description: Something stops blood flow in
the heart (cholesterol, etc. blocks a blood
vessel in the heart)
• Treatment: Reduce stress/ change diet to
reduce intake of sodium, fats, and cholesterol/
medication/ getting regular check ups
Arteriosclerosis
• Description: The artery walls harden- it is
caused by a diet high in fat and cholesterol
• Treatment: Reduce stress/ change diet to
reduce intake of sodium, fats, and cholesterol/
medication/ getting regular check ups
Anemia
• Description: Lack of red blood cells or cells
that do not carry enough oxygen- causes
weakness and low energy
• Treatment: Iron supplements, rest
Sickle-Cell Anemia
• Description: When your blood is unable
to circulate properly
Normal Red
Blood Cells
Sickle Red
Blood Cells
• Treatment: Blood transfusions and
medication
Mononucleosis
• Aka “Mono”
• Description: Viral infection- symptoms are sore
throat, swollen glands, and fatigue
• Treatment: Bed rest and a well balanced diet
Leukemia
• (A form of cancer)
• Description: Abnormal white blood cells
• Treatment: Medication, radiation
Hemophilia
• Description: When your blood does not
clot properly
• Treatment: Transfusions of the parts
that deal with blood clotting.