Transcript circulatory system

Chapter 3
Physical Activity
and Fitness
Lesson 3
Exploring the
Circulatory System
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The group of organs and tissues that act as
 circulatory system transfer stations carrying needed materials
to cells and removing their waste products
 arteries
Blood vessels that carry blood away from the
heart to various parts of the body
 veins
Blood vessels that carry blood from all parts
of the body back to the heart
 capillaries
Tiny blood vessels that carry blood to and
from almost all body cells and connect
arteries and veins
 pulmonary
circulation
When blood travels from the heart, through
the lungs, and back to the heart
 systemic
circulation
When oxygen-rich blood travels to all body
tissues except the lungs
 blood pressure
The force of blood pushing against the walls
of the blood vessels
In this lesson, you will be able to
 identify the functions of the circulatory system.
 describe how blood circulates through the body.
 recognize how to care for your circulatory system.
Your Heart and Blood Vessels
The circulatory system includes the heart, the blood
vessels and the blood itself.
circulatory system The group of organs and tissues that act as
transfer stations carrying needed materials to
cells and removing their waste products
Is also called the cardiovascular system
cardio refers to the heart
vascular refers to the blood vessels.
Your Heart and Blood Vessels
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The Heart
a muscle that acts as a pump for
the circulatory system
blood
is pumped from the heart to the
body’s cells – back to the heart
usually
can
It
beats from 60 to 100 times per minute
go much faster when it needs to
beats about 100,000 times a day
more than 30 million times per year
about 2.5 billion times in a 70-year
lifetime.
What Makes Up Your Blood?
What Makes Up Your Blood?
Blood is made up of plasma, red blood cells, white
blood cells, and platelets.
plasma The yellowish, watery part of blood
Plasma makes up over half the volume of blood.
What Makes Up Your Blood?
job is to transport nutrients, hormones,
minerals and blood cells
92% of plasma is water
Plasma
White Blood Cells
Red Blood Cells
The body’s main
defense against
germs and bacteria.
Helps destroy disease
germs
Carries oxygen to the cells
throughout the body
&
Platelets
Blood cells which
help the blood to clot
keeps you from
losing too much
blood when you
bleed
Your Heart and Blood Vessels
heart is a muscle
network of blood vessels over 80,000 miles long.
The heart pumps blood around the body through
a network of arteries, veins, and capillaries.
arteries Blood vessels that carry blood away from the heart to
various parts of the body
veins Blood vessels that carry blood from all parts of the body
back to the heart
capillaries Tiny blood vessels that carry blood to and from almost
all body cells and connect arteries and veins
The Process of Circulation
The process of circulation involves pulmonary
circulation and systemic circulation.
pulmonary refers to the lungs
systemic relates to the body
pulmonary circulation When blood travels from the heart, through
the lungs, and back to the heart
systemic circulation When oxygen-rich blood travels to all body
tissues except the lungs
The oxygen-rich blood also delivers other nutrients to the cells
and picks up waste products from the cells
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Blood Pressure
A certain amount of blood pressure is needed to
make blood circulate.
blood pressure The force of blood pushing against the walls
of the blood vessels
Blood Pressure
A blood pressure reading
measures two numbers.
example 110/70
The first is systolic pressure
and the second is diastolic
pressure.
blood pressure The force of blood pushing against the walls of the
blood vessels
Systolic pressure:
first number – 110
When the heart contracts
pushing the blood out and into
the arteries
Diastolic pressure:
second number – 70
When the heart relaxes (between
heart beats) to refill with blood
Blood Types
Red blood cells are one of four types: A, B, AB, or O.
Some blood types are compatible
and others are not compatible.
Most people’s blood contains a substance called an
Rh factor, a type of protein.
People who have an Rh-factor in their blood are called Rh-positive.
Rh negative people do not have this substance in their blood.
Rh-negative people can only receive blood donations from people
who are Rh-negative.
Rh-positive people can receive blood donations from either Rhpositive or Rh-negative donors.
Blood Types and Compatibility
Type
O-negative
is call a universal donor
O
Type
Type
A
B
Type
AB
Caring for Your Circulatory System
Tips for Caring for Your Circulatory System
Make aerobic activity a habit.
Follow a balanced food plan that is low in fats.
Develop strategies for managing stress.
Avoid using tobacco.
Caring for Your Circulatory System
Make aerobic activity a habit.
• Improves cardiovascular endurance, which helps the circulatory
system
• Increases the heart’s capacity to pump blood
• Muscles receive more oxygen
• Lessens fatty buildup in arteries
• Helps achieve a healthy weight, which means the heart doesn’t have
to work too hard
Caring for Your Circulatory System
Follow a balanced food plan that is low in fats.
Caring for Your Circulatory System
Develop strategies for managing stress.
Stress can strain the heart and blood vessels
Avoid using tobacco.
Tobacco narrows the blood vessels,
cutting down the oxygen supply
Lesson 3 Review
What I Learned
Identify What is the function of the circulatory system?
It carries the needed materials to cells and
removes their waste products
Lesson 3 Review
What I Learned
Vocabulary Define blood pressure.
Blood pressure is the force of blood pushing
against the walls of blood vessels.
Lesson 3 Review
What I Learned
Explain Why can’t certain blood types be combined?
because the red blood cells will clump
together and block the blood vessel
Lesson 3 Review
What I Learned
Distinguish What is the difference between
pulmonary and systemic circulation?
Pulmonary circulation moves blood back and forth between
the heart and lungs.
Systemic circulation moves blood back and forth between
the heart and the rest of the body except the lungs.
Lesson 3 Review
Thinking Critically
Infer Why do you think a blood pressure reading is
part of a typical medical checkup?
High blood pressure is harmful to the
cardiovascular system.
Lesson 3 Review
Thinking Critically
Apply In what ways do you think building
cardiovascular endurance now will benefit you
later in life?
Sample answer: It will make your heart stronger
and help prevent fatty buildup in your arteries.
End of
Chapter 3
Physical Activity
and Fitness
Lesson 3
Exploring the
Circulatory System
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