Transcript Respiratory System - Helena Public School District

Respiratory System
Health
Mr. Gross
The Respiratory System
The trillions of cells in the body require
oxygen to carry out their vital function
 The brain can go less than 10 minutes
without oxygen
 These cells also give off carbon dioxide,
a waste product that the body must get
rid of.
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Responsibility
The cardiovascular and respiratory
systems share responsibility for
supplying the body with oxygen and
disposing of carbon dioxide
 The blood is the transporting fluid
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Function of the respiratory
system
Conduct air from the external
environment to the alveoli
 To purify, humidify and warm incoming
air by the sinuses, mucus and hair
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Breathing Process
Rib muscles pull the chest up and out
 Diaphragm pulls down
 A low pressure is created
 Air rushes into the lungs
 YouTube - The Breathing process
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Nose
The only external part of the respiratory
system which takes in air
 The air is warmed by a rich network of
veins
 The sticky mucus produced moistens
the air and traps incoming bacteria and
other foreign debris
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Nose cont.
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The cilia (hair like structures)create a current
that moves contaminated mucus back toward
the throat where it is swallowed and digested
by the stomach
 When the temperature is cold these cilia
become sluggish allowing mucus to
accumulate in the nasal cavity and to dribble
out through the nostrils explaining a runny
nose
Sinuses
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Sinuses lighten the skull
Resonance chambers for speech
Produce mucus which drain into the nasal
cavity
Tear ducts also drain into the nasal cavity
Sinusitis-an inflammation of the sinuses
changes voice
Sinusitis causes a vacuum leading to sinus
headache located over the inflamed area
Mouth

Air goes directly to the lungs
Pharynx
Common passageway for food and air
 Contain the tonsils which help with the
filtration system used to trap and
remove bacteria and other forms of
pathogens
 If the tonsils become inflamed it may
cause an obstruction and the person
has to breath through their mouth
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Larynx
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The larynx is the voice box
Air passes over the vocal folds causing a
vibration allowing us to speak
Routes air and food into the proper channels
Houses the epiglottis the lid for the
esophagus which closes off the food passage
while we breath
When food or water is swallowed the
epiglottis closes off the larynx
If anything other than air enters the larynx a
cough reflex is triggered to expel the
Trachea
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A 10-12 cm tube lined with cilia to propel
mucus loaded with dust and other debris
away form the lungs to the throat, where it
can be swallowed or spat out
 Smoking inhibits or destroys the ciliated
action
 Thus coughing is the only way of expelling
debris
Primary Bronchii
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Branches of the trachea which serve the
lungs
Bronchioles
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Branches of the bronchial tubes. The
millions of tiny braches serve to supply
air to the microscopic air sacs called
alveoli
Alveoli
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Have very thin walls which contain a
network of capillaries through which
oxygen and carbon dioxide are
exchanged in the blood
Pleura
Provides a slippery surface in order to
reduce the amount of friction between
the lungs and any other structures they
may touch within the chest cavity.
 YouTube - Respiration 3D Medical
Animation
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Bronchitis
Inflammation of the bronchi
 Wheezing, shortness of breath and
coughing
 Common in smokers and high area of
polution
 Avoid smoke, dust, fumes and air
pollutants
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Asthma
Mucous lining swells and secretions
build up
 Caused by exertion, emotion
 YouTube - Understanding Asthma
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Sinusitis
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Inflammation of the sinuses
Emphysema
TB
Pneumonia