Transcript Respiratory Physiology

Lung
Capacity
Tidal Volume
TV: The amount of air
going into or out of
the lungs on single
breath.
Expiratory reserve
Volume
ERV: Air left to be
exhaled AFTER
normal breathing
(exhalation)
Inspiratory Reserve
volume
IRV: The amount of
air you can take in
after tidal volume.
Vital Capacity
VC: Total amount of air
you can move.
VC = TV + IRV + ERV
Inspiratory
Capacity
IC: How much air
you bring in
IC = TV + IRV
Residual
Volume
RV: What is left in the
lungs that you can not
move!
DEAD SPACE
Air in passage way that
never makes it to gas
exchange.
TV: 500 ml about 150 ml
is dead.
IRV
ERV
FULL OF HOT
AIR
Lets see who has
the largest lungs
shall we? 449
External
respiration
Getting air from the
atmosphere into the
blood. (gas to
dissolve into liquid)
Hemoglobin
(Hb)
Oxygen is not very
soluble, so it binds to
the carrier hemoglobin
on the RBC.
Hemoglobin
Hb + O2  HbO2
(oxyhemoglobin)
Hemoglobin
The hemoglobin
contains iron, this is
where O2 attaches.
Iron  Hb  RBC
Decompression
Sickness
Divers go to deep for
too long. Extra
pressure FORCES
nitrogen to dissolve
into blood.
Decompression
Sickness
IF they come up too
fast nitrogen forms
bubbles in joints: “the
bends”
CO poisoning
Carbon monoxide:
colorless, odorless,
Attached to Hb
before oxygen does
and you suffocate
TABLE Time:
Find the percentage
of Oxygen and
Carbon dioxide that
we use or expel.
:
TABLE TIME
Oxygen
Atmosphere 160 mm Hg
Alveoli
Capillary
100 mm Hg
40 mm Hg
Tissue/Cells 20 mm Hg
:
TABLE TIME
Oxygen
Atmosphere 21%
Alveoli
Capillary
13%
5%
Tissue/Cells 3%
:
TABLE TIME
CO
2
Atmosphere
.3 mm Hg
Alveoli
Capillary
40 mm Hg
45 mm Hg
Tissue/Cells 50 mm Hg
:
TABLE TIME
CO
2
Atmosphere
.0003%
Alveoli
Capillary
5.3%
6%
Tissue/Cells 6.6%
Internal
Respiration
Getting blood to
tissues and cells.
Saturation
How much of the
hemoglobin is
carrying oxygen, at
normal pressure ~
97% saturation.
Factors Affecting
saturation
1. Temperature:
When temperature
goes down ,
saturation goes
Factors Affecting
saturation
2. Acidity:
ph down
=
acidity up =
saturation down=
Factors Affecting
saturation
3. Pressure:
Pressure down
Saturation down
Effect of
altitude (4)
1. Less pressure with
higher altitude.
2. Increase breathing
rate for more air.
Effect of altitude
3. Heart rate
increase to move
more blood.
4. Body produces
more RBC’s
CO2 Transport
Getting CO2 out of
tissues. 3 ways to do
it.
CO2 Transport
1. 8% CO2 taken by
plasma
CO2 Transport
2. Hemoglobin
carries about 25%
CO2 Transport
3. Carbonic Acid
CO2 + H2O
H2CO3
+
H + HCO3
COLOR OF BREATH LAB
LAB TIME