Transcript Phyla Cnidaria and Ctenophora

Ctenophora Cnidaria Anthozoa Scyphozoa Hydrozoa Contents
Phyla
Cnidaria and Ctenophora
Radial or biradial symmetry
Ctenophora Cnidaria Anthozoa Scyphozoa Hydrozoa Contents
Contents
• Phylum Cnidaria
 Unique characteristics
 Systems
• 1 (Integumentary, skeletal, muscle and digestive)
• 2 (Excretory, respiratory, circulatory and nervous)
• 3 (Endocrine and reproductive)
 Taxonomy
• Phylum Ctenophora
 Unique characteristics
 Comparison to Cnidaria
 Taxonomy
Ctenophora Cnidaria Anthozoa Scyphozoa Hydrozoa Contents
Phylum Cnidaria
• Some unique characteristics
 Nematocysts
 Alternation of generations
• (polyp and medusa body forms)
 Planula larva
 Mesoglea
Ctenophora Cnidaria Anthozoa Scyphozoa Hydrozoa Contents
Cnidaria Systems 1
• Integumentary
 One cell layer (epidermis)
• Skeletal
 Hydrostatic or some with endoskeletons and/or
exoskeleton of calcium carbonate (Anthozoa)
• Muscle
 None; epith-muscle cells (fibers from cells into
mesoglea) Anthozoa may have muscles
• Digestive
 Incomplete
Ctenophora Cnidaria Anthozoa Scyphozoa Hydrozoa Contents
Cnidaria Systems 2
• Excretory
 Isotonic in marine; some freshwater forms use
contractile vacuoles)
• Respiratory
 No system , use cellular diffusion
• Circulatory
 No system, use cellular diffusion and mesoglea
• Nervous
 Nerve net (ring around the bell of medusa)
Ctenophora Cnidaria Anthozoa Scyphozoa Hydrozoa Contents
Cnidaria Systems 3
• Endocrine
 Have hormones, secreted by nervous system
• Reproductive
 Alternation of generations, vary as to dominant stage
• Medusa is the sexual body plan
• Polyp is the asexual body plan
 Planula larva
 Dioecious or monoecious
Ctenophora Cnidaria Anthozoa Scyphozoa Hydrozoa Contents
Cnidaria Taxonomy
• Class Hydrozoa
(hi-dro-zo-ah)
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Hydra,
Obelia,
Gonionemus,
Physalia
• Class Anthozoa
(an-tho-zo-ah)
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Metridium
Tubipora
Gorgonia
Other anthozoan coral
• Class Scyphozoa
• Class Cubozoa
(sky-fo-zo-ah)
(ku-bo-zo-ah)
 Aurelia
 No specimens
Ctenophora Cnidaria Anthozoa Scyphozoa Hydrozoa Contents
Class Hydrozoa
• Alternation of generation with polyp as the
dominant body plan
• Incomplete digestive with an unbranched
gut.
• Mesoglea thin
• Medusa with a velum
Ctenophora Cnidaria Anthozoa Scyphozoa Hydrozoa Contents
Class Hydrozoa
Genus— Hydra
CS through hydra
Ctenophora Cnidaria Anthozoa Scyphozoa Hydrozoa Contents
Class Hydrozoa
Genus— Obelia
Ctenophora Cnidaria Anthozoa Scyphozoa Hydrozoa Contents
Class Hydrozoa
Genus— Gonionemus
Ctenophora Cnidaria Anthozoa Scyphozoa Hydrozoa Contents
Class Hydrozoa
Genus— Physalia
Ctenophora Cnidaria Anthozoa Scyphozoa Hydrozoa Contents
Class Scyphozoa
• Alternation of generation with medusa the
dominant body plan
• Incomplete digestive with four branches
• Mesoglea thick with some cells
• Medusa without velum
Ctenophora Cnidaria Anthozoa Scyphozoa Hydrozoa Contents
Class Scyphozoa
Genus— Aurelia
Ctenophora Cnidaria Anthozoa Scyphozoa Hydrozoa Contents
Class Anthozoa
• No alternation of generation - polyps only
• Incomplete digestive with 6 to 8 branches
(septia)
• Nematocyst in the gut (acontia)
• Mesoglea thick and with muscle tissue
• Coral Reefs
Ctenophora Cnidaria Anthozoa Scyphozoa Hydrozoa Contents
Class Anthozoa
Genus — Metridium
Ctenophora Cnidaria Anthozoa Scyphozoa Hydrozoa Contents
Class Anthozoa
Genus — Tubipora
Ctenophora Cnidaria Anthozoa Scyphozoa Hydrozoa Contents
Class Anthozoa
Genus — Gorgonia
Sea fan
String coral
Ctenophora Cnidaria Anthozoa Scyphozoa Hydrozoa Contents
Other Anthozoan Coral
Astrangia
Fungia
Brain coral
Lettuce coral
Sea pansy
Ctenophora Cnidaria Anthozoa Scyphozoa Hydrozoa Contents
Coral Reefs
• Fringing reef
 Close to land mass none or a narrow lagoon between
land and shore.
• Barrier reef
 Has a wide and deep lagoon between reef and shore
line.
• Atolls
 Reefs that encircle a lagoon, but there is no island
Ctenophora Cnidaria Anthozoa Scyphozoa Hydrozoa Contents
Phylum Ctenophora
• Unique Characteristics
 Comb plates
 Medusa only
 Luminescence common
 Position of paired tentacles changes
symmetry to biradial
Ctenophora Cnidaria Anthozoa Scyphozoa Hydrozoa Contents
Comparison Ctenophora to
Ctenophora
• Differences
 No alternation of
generations (medusa
only)
 No nematocysts
 Biradial symmetry, two
tentacles
 Combs
 Complete digestive
system
 May be triploblastin
• Similarities
 Aboral-oral axis
 Nerve net
 Lack of organ systems
Ctenophora Cnidaria Anthozoa Scyphozoa Hydrozoa Contents
Taxonomy Phylum Ctenophora
• Class Tentaculata (ten-tack-u-la-ta)
 Pleurobrachia
Ctenophora Cnidaria Anthozoa Scyphozoa Hydrozoa Contents
End of presentation