Transcript Which body system acts in a way similar to a transportation system?

Which body system acts in a way
similar to a transportation system?
1.
2.
3.
4.
1
circulatory
respiratory
nervous
excretory
2
3
4
5
25%
1
25%
25%
2
3
25%
4
Which of the following is NOT a
part of the circulatory system?
1.
2.
3.
4.
1
heart
air passageway
blood vessels
blood
2
3
4
5
25%
1
25%
25%
2
3
25%
4
The roads of a city are similar to what
structures in the circulatory system?
1.
2.
3.
4.
1
heart
air passageway
blood vessels
blood
2
3
4
5
25%
1
25%
25%
2
3
25%
4
In the walls of the heart, the thick
layer of muscle is called the
1. epithelial tissue
layer.
2. pericardium.
3. connective tissue
layer.
4. myocardium.
1
2
3
4
5
25%
1
25%
25%
2
3
25%
4
Which of the following pathways is the
largest of the circulatory system?
1. systemic circulation
2. pulmonary
circulation
3. lymphatic circulation
4. coronary circulation
1
2
3
4
5
25%
1
25%
25%
2
3
25%
4
Where are the cells that make up the
sinoatrial node, or pacemaker, located?
1.
2.
3.
4.
1
right atrium
left atrium
right ventricle
left ventricle
2
3
4
5
25%
1
25%
25%
2
3
25%
4
Which is the correct direction of
blood flow?
right atrium  right ventricle
 pulmonary artery
right atrium  left atrium 
pulmonary artery
left ventricle  pulmonary
artery  aorta
left ventricle  left atrium 
aorta
1.
2.
3.
4.
1
2
3
4
5
25%
1
25%
25%
2
3
25%
4
In the heart, the mixing of oxygen-rich and
oxygen-poor blood is prevented by the
1.
2.
3.
4.
1
mitral valve.
tricuspid valve.
septum.
pericardium.
2
3
4
5
25%
1
25%
25%
2
3
25%
4
Compared with the walls of
arteries, the walls of veins
1.
2.
3.
4.
1
are thicker.
are thinner.
lack valves.
have more
resistance.
2
3
4
5
25%
1
25%
25%
2
3
25%
4
Which of the following are the
smallest of the blood vessels?
1.
2.
3.
4.
1
arteries
veins
lymphatic cells
capillaries
2
3
4
5
25%
1
25%
25%
2
3
25%
4
Which of the following is NOT a
type of blood vessel?
1.
2.
3.
4.
1
artery
vein
lymphatic cell
capillary
2
3
4
5
25%
1
25%
25%
2
3
25%
4
The function of valves in the
human circulatory system is to
1.
2.
stimulate the heartbeat.
accelerate the flow of
blood.
prevent the backward
flow of blood.
serve as a cushion to
prevent friction.
3.
4.
1
2
3
4
5
25%
1
25%
25%
2
3
25%
4
Which of the following is NOT an
effect of exercise on the body?
1.
Exercise helps control
your weight.
Exercise reduces stress.
Exercise makes your
heart stronger and more
efficient.
Exercise increases the
size of veins.
2.
3.
4.
1
2
3
4
5
25%
1
25%
25%
2
3
25%
4
Which of the following is true
about blood pressure?
1.
2.
3.
It is not affected by atherosclerosis.
It is lower in veins than in arteries.
It drops a great deal when traveling
through arteries.
Diastolic pressure is higher than
systolic pressure.
4.
25%
1
1
2
3
4
5
25%
2
25%
3
25%
4
A blood pressure reading of
120/80
1.
indicates a diastolic blood prssure of
120.
is an indication of hypertension in a
resting adult.
indicates a systolic blood pressure of
120.
is determined by using a
sphygmomanometer to measure
blood pressure in the veins.
2.
3.
4.
1
2
3
4
5
25%
1
25%
2
25%
3
25%
4
When the heart contracts, it produces a
wave of fluid pressure in the
1.
2.
3.
4.
1
veins.
arteries.
capillaries.
pharynx.
2
3
4
5
25%
1
25%
25%
2
3
25%
4
Which organ helps to regulate
blood pressure?
1.
2.
3.
4.
1
spleen
kidney
liver
gall bladder
2
3
4
5
25%
1
25%
25%
2
3
25%
4
When the blood pressure is constantly
too high, the condition is known as
1.
2.
3.
4.
1
a heart attack.
hypertension.
atherosclerosis.
a stroke.
2
3
4
5
25%
1
25%
25%
2
3
25%
4
When an infection occurs, the
number of
1. red blood cells
increases.
2. red blood cells
decreases.
3. white blood cells
increases.
4. white blood cells
decreases.
1
2
3
4
5
25%
1
25%
25%
2
3
25%
4
Which blood cells are most
numerous in the body?
1.
2.
3.
4.
1
red
white
platelets
plasma
2
3
4
5
25%
1
25%
25%
2
3
25%
4
Which of the following is NOT a
function of blood?
1. regulate filtration
2. regulate body
temperature
3. transport nutrients
4. fight infection
1
2
3
4
5
25%
1
25%
25%
2
3
25%
4
Which of the following is correct
about the composition of plasma?
1. It is 90 percent
water.
2. It is 50 percent
water.
3. It is 10 percent
water.
4. It contains no water.
1
2
3
4
5
25%
1
25%
25%
2
3
25%
4
How much blood does the
human body contain?
1.
2.
3.
4.
1
1–2 liters
4–6 liters
8–10 liters
12–14 liters
2
3
4
5
25%
1
25%
25%
2
3
25%
4
Which plasma proteins help to regulate
osmotic pressure and blood volume?
1.
2.
3.
4.
1
albumins
globulins
fibrinogens
platelets
2
3
4
5
25%
1
25%
25%
2
3
25%
4
In Figure 37–1, what does Step
B show?
1. a clot forming
2. the capillary wall
breaking
3. the clumping of
platelets
4. the conversion of
fibrinogen into fibrin
1
2
3
4
5
25% 25% 25% 25%
1
2
3
4
Into what substance is
fibrinogen converted?
1.
2.
3.
4.
1
thrombin
fibrin
platelets
thromboplastin
2
3
4
5
25%
1
25%
25%
2
3
25%
4
Which of the following is the first
step in blood clotting?
1.
Thromboplastin
converts prothrombin to
thrombin.
Platelets release clotting
factor.
Fibrin filaments produce
a clot.
Thrombin converts
fibrinogen into fibrin.
2.
3.
4.
1
2
3
4
5
25%
1
25%
25%
2
3
25%
4
Which of the following blood
cells contain hemoglobin?
1.
2.
3.
4.
1
red blood cells
white blood cells
platelets
all of the above
2
3
4
5
25%
1
25%
25%
2
3
25%
4
Swollen lymph nodes might
indicate
1. an infection.
2. high blood
pressure.
3. varicose veins.
4. an irregular
heartbeat.
1
2
3
4
5
25%
1
25%
25%
2
3
25%
4
Which body system collects the fluid that is
lost by the blood and returns it to the
circulatory system?
25% 25%
25%
25%
1. integumentary
2. lymphatic
3. respiratory
4. nervous
1
2
3
4
5
1
2
3
4
What is the term used to describe a swelling
of the tissues due to the accumulation of
excess fluid?
25% 25%
25%
25%
1. hemophilia
2. stroke
3. edema
4. hypertension
1
2
3
4
5
1
2
3
4
Which of the following is NOT a
function of the lymphatic system?
1. collect and return
lost fluid to the
circulatory system
2. filter fluid
3. absorb protein
4. carry fat-soluble
vitamins to the blood
1
2
3
4
5
25%
1
25%
25%
2
3
25%
4
The process by which oxygen and carbon
dioxide are exchanged between cells, the
blood, and air in the lungs is called
25% 25%
25%
25%
1. systemic
circulation.
2. respiration.
3. emphysema.
4. cellular
respiration.
1
2
3
4
5
1
2
3
4
Which of the following are signs
that a person is breathing?
1.
hearing or feeling air
being exhaled from the
nose
chest rising and falling
hearing or feeling air
being exhaled from the
mouth
all of the above
2.
3.
4.
1
2
3
4
5
25%
1
25%
25%
2
3
25%
4
Which of the following activities is
the best analogy for respiration?
1.
2.
3.
4.
1
exchanging gifts
giving a gift
receiving a gift
sitting in a chair
2
3
4
5
25%
1
25%
25%
2
3
25%
4
Which of the following statements
about lungs is INCORRECT?
1. They are muscular.
2. They are elastic.
3. They are surrounded
by pleura.
4. They are above the
diaphragm.
1
2
3
4
5
25%
1
25%
25%
2
3
25%
4
What structure serves as a
passageway for both air and food?
1.
2.
3.
4.
1
pharynx
trachea
larynx
bronchus
2
3
4
5
25%
1
25%
25%
2
3
25%
4
Air is filtered, warmed, and
moistened in the
1.
2.
3.
4.
1
nose and mouth.
throat.
lungs.
pharynx.
2
3
4
5
25%
1
25%
25%
2
3
25%
4
Air is forced into the lungs by
the contraction of the
1.
2.
3.
4.
1
alveoli.
bronchioles.
diaphragm.
heart.
2
3
4
5
25%
1
25%
25%
2
3
25%
4
Because there is more oxygen in an
alveolus than in the blood around it, oxygen
diffuses
1. from capillaries into
the veins.
2. from arteries into the
capillaries.
3. from alveoli into the
blood.
4. from blood into the
alveolus.
1
2
3
4
5
25%
1
25%
25%
2
3
25%
4
Generally speaking, what
controls breathing?
1.
2.
3.
4.
1
the brain
the lungs
the diaphragm
the heart
2
3
4
5
25%
1
25%
25%
2
3
25%
4
The nicotine in cigarette smoke
causes
1. blood pressure to
decrease.
2. heart rate to
increase.
3. blood pressure to
increase.
4. both b and c.
1
2
3
4
5
25%
1
25%
25%
2
3
25%
4
Chronic bronchitis, emphysema,
and lung cancer can be caused by
1. swollen bronchi.
2. enlarged alveoli.
3. groups of cancer
cells.
4. smoking.
1
2
3
4
5
25%
1
25%
25%
2
3
25%
4
Which of the following is NOT
contained in tobacco smoke?
1.
2.
3.
4.
1
carbon monoxide
caffeine
nicotine
tar
2
3
4
5
25%
1
25%
25%
2
3
25%
4
What gas, found in cigarette smoke, blocks
the transport of oxygen by hemoglobin in the
blood?
25% 25%
25%
25%
1. hydrogen
peroxide
2. carbon dioxide
3. carbon monoxide
4. sodium
bicarbonate
1
2
3
4
5
1
2
3
4
Humans have an open circulatory system.
_________________________
1. True
2. False
1
2
3
4
50%
5
1
50%
2
Flaps of connective tissue called valves are
located between the atria and the ventricles.
_________________________
1. True
50%
50%
2. False
1
2
3
4
5
1
2
The lower chamber of each side of the
heart, which pumps blood out of the heart, is
the atrium. _________________________
1. True
50%
50%
2. False
1
2
3
4
5
1
2
Except for the aorta, all arteries carry
oxygen-rich blood.
______________________________
1. True
50%
50%
2. False
1
2
3
4
5
1
2
The first number of a blood pressure
measurement is the diastolic pressure.
_________________________
1. True
50%
50%
2. False
1
2
3
4
5
1
2
If you have “swollen glands,” you actually
have swollen lymph nodes.
_________________________
1. True
50%
50%
2. False
1
2
3
4
5
1
2
About 45 percent of the volume of blood
consists of plasma.
_________________________
1. True
50%
50%
2. False
1
2
3
4
5
1
2
White blood cells called basophils engulf
and digest
bacteria._________________________
1. True
50%
50%
2. False
1
2
3
4
5
1
2
Lymph nodes act as filters, trapping bacteria
and other microorganisms that cause
disease. _________________________
1. True
50%
50%
2. False
1
2
3
4
5
1
2
The process by which oxygen and carbon monoxide are
exchanged between cells, the blood, and air in the lungs is
known as respiration. _________________________
1. True
2. False
1
2
3
4
50%
5
1
50%
2
The pharynx is a piece of cartilage that
covers the entrance to the trachea when you
swallow. _________________________
1. True
50%
50%
2. False
1
2
3
4
5
1
2
Gas exchange occurs by diffusion across
the membrane of an alveolus and a capillary.
_________________________
1. True
50%
50%
2. False
1
2
3
4
5
1
2
At the bottom of the chest cavity is a large,
flat muscle known as the pleural membrane.
_________________________
1. True
50%
50%
2. False
1
2
3
4
5
1
2
The brain controls breathing in a center
located in the medulla oblongata.
_________________________
1. True
50%
50%
2. False
1
2
3
4
5
1
2
Lung cancer is defined as a loss of elasticity
in the tissues of the lungs.
_________________________
1. True
50%
50%
2. False
1
2
3
4
5
1
2
Participant Scores
0
0
Participant 1
Participant 2
0
0
0
Participant 3
Participant 4
Participant 5
A circulating fluid called
____________________ is pumped through
a system of vessels in the body.
1
2
3
4
5
0 of 5
Figure 37–2
In Figure 37–2, the area labeled B
represents the capillaries of a
____________________.
1
2
3
4
5
0 of 5
In Figure 37–2, the upper systemic
circulation is labeled
____________________.
1
2
3
4
5
0 of 5
Medical workers use a sphygmomanometer
to measure ____________________.
1
2
3
4
5
0 of 5
Fatty deposits called plaque build up on the
walls of arteries, causing a condition known
as ____________________.
1
2
3
4
5
0 of 5
Plasma consists mostly of
____________________.
1
2
3
4
5
0 of 5
A genetic disorder called
____________________ results from a
defective protein in the clotting pathway.
1
2
3
4
5
0 of 5
The iron-containing protein called ____________________
binds to oxygen in the lungs and transports it to tissues
throughout the body where the oxygen is released.
1
2
3
4
5
0 of 5
The phrase “swollen glands” refers to
swelling of the
_________________________.
1
2
3
4
5
0 of 5
At the cellular level, respiration is defined as the release of
____________________ from the breakdown of molecules
in food in the presence of oxygen.
1
2
3
4
5
0 of 5
Inhaled air passes from the trachea to one
of the two ____________________.
1
2
3
4
5
0 of 5
Your ability to sing, shout, and speak comes from
two highly elastic folds of tissues called the vocal
cords, located within the ____________________.
1
2
3
4
5
0 of 5
Breathing is such an important function that
your ____________________ system will
not let you have complete control over it.
1
2
3
4
5
0 of 5
The alveoli of the lungs are surrounded
by ____________________.
1
2
3
4
5
0 of 5
Carbon monoxide blocks the transport of
____________________ by hemoglobin in
the blood.
1
2
3
4
5
0 of 5
Why do larger organisms need
a circulatory system?
1
2
3
4
5
0 of 5
What are the three parts of the
circulatory system?
1
2
3
4
5
0 of 5
Figure 37–2
Based on Figure 37–2, what three blood
vessels carry oxygen-poor blood?
1
2
3
4
5
0 of 5
Identify and compare the functions of the
three types of blood vessels of the
circulatory system.
1
2
3
4
5
0 of 5
What is blood pressure?
1
2
3
4
5
0 of 5
What health problems can occur
as a result of hypertension?
1
2
3
4
5
0 of 5
Describe blood plasma.
1
2
3
4
5
0 of 5
List the main functions of the
three types of blood cells.
1
2
3
4
5
0 of 5
If the lymphatic system did not function,
what would be the immediate effects on the
human body?
1
2
3
4
5
0 of 5
What is the basic function of the
human respiratory system?
1
2
3
4
5
0 of 5
List in order the structures of the respiratory
system through which air passes from the
outside environment to the alveoli.
1
2
3
4
5
0 of 5
What is the function of the
sternum?
1
2
3
4
5
0 of 5
In what stage of breathing is the total
volume of the chest cavity largest?
1
2
3
4
5
0 of 5
Are the ribs raised or lowered
after you exhale?
1
2
3
4
5
0 of 5
Name and describe three respiratory
diseases that can be caused by smoking.
1
2
3
4
5
0 of 5
Describe the function of each of the following: (a)
the muscular walls of the large arteries, (b) the
valves in the veins, and (c) the valves in the heart.
1
2
3
4
5
0 of 5
Using a road transportation analogy,
describe the three different types of blood
vessels.
1
2
3
4
5
0 of 5
How does the body regulate
blood pressure?
1
2
3
4
5
0 of 5
Identify the percentages of living cells and plasma
that make up the volume of blood in the human
body, and describe what plasma consists of.
1
2
3
4
5
0 of 5
How do white blood cells guard against
infection, fight parasites, and attack
bacteria?
1
2
3
4
5
0 of 5
What is the lymphatic system
and what are its functions?
1
2
3
4
5
0 of 5
Compare cellular respiration
with respiration.
1
2
3
4
5
0 of 5
Why is it better to inhale through your
nose than through your mouth?
1
2
3
4
5
0 of 5
Why can’t a person hold a breath long
enough to harm oneself from a lack of
oxygen?
1
2
3
4
5
0 of 5
Why do many smokers cough a
lot?
1
2
3
4
5
0 of 5