Transcript antigenantibody

First line of defense
(non-specific barriers):
physical and chemical barriers that prevent
pathogens from entering (skin, mucus, acids in the
stomach, etc.) This barrier is non-specific because it
will exist no-matter-what.
Second line of defense
(non-specific white blood cells):
leukocytes are white blood cells. They are nonspecific because they will react to any foreign invader.
1. INFLAMMATION: Damaged tissue’s leukocytes
cause blood vessels to dilate and the area
becomes RED. Fluid builds up, causing SWELLING
and PAIN.
2. Phagocytes and monocytes eat foreign invaders.
Granulocytes
•Neutrophil
•Eosinophil
•Basinophil
Agranulocytes
•Lymphocyte
•Monocyte
Phagocytes
(engulf and destroy bacteria)
Kills parasitic worms,
destroys antigen-antibody complexes
Releases heparin (anti-coagulant) and
histamine, which prevents inflammation.
Involved in the immune response.
Includes B cells and T cells.
Phagocytosis
Monocytes are the chief phagocytes.
They circulate in the blood for 1–2 days
before entering body tissues to become
macrophages.
Third line of defense:
(specific antigens/antibodies):
1. The pathogen or foreign invader has ANTIGENS on
the surface of it’s structure.
2. White blood cells called lymphocytes recognize a
foreign invader because of its ANTIGENS and will
cause our B cells (types of lymphocytes, white blood
cells) to begin to make proteins called ANTIBODIES.
3. ANTIBODIES have a special molecular form that
allows them to match ANTIGENS like a puzzle piece.
4. Once attached, the invader can be destroyed!
Some B cells can remember an antigen and produce
antibodies quicker next time!
Pathogen infects
human. This pathogen
contains ___________
antigens
that mark it as an
invader.
A white blood cell (phagocyte)
recognizes the pathogen as an
invader and engulfs it through
________________.
phagocytosis
T
activates
The phagocyte ____________
Helper T cells.
The phagocyte now displays the
pathogen
antigen from the _______________.
B
Helper T cells activate B
cells which then produce
antibodies
_______________.
These antibodies attach to
the pathogen and signal for
them to be destroyed
___________.
VOCABULARY
Antigen: marker on pathogens that
signal for the production of antibodies.
Antibodies: proteins that are found
in the blood that detect and destroy
invaders.
Vaccine: a weakened or dead
pathogen that is injected into a organism to
stimulate the immune system and the
production of antibodies.
Pathogen: Any bacteria or virus that
can cause disease.
First line of defense
(non-specific barriers):
Second line of defense
(non-specific white blood cells):
1.
2.
Granulocytes
•Neutrophil
•Eosinophil
•Basinophil
Agranulocytes
•Lymphocyte
•Monocyte
Phagocytes
(engulf and destroy bacteria)
Kills parasitic worms,
destroys antigen-antibody complexes
Releases heparin (anti-coagulant) and
histamine, which prevents inflammation.
Involved in the immune response.
Includes B cells and T cells.
Phagocytosis
Monocytes are the chief phagocytes.
They circulate in the blood for 1–2 days
before entering body tissues to become
macrophages.
Third line of defense:
(specific antigens/antibodies):
1. The pathogen or foreign invader has ANTIGENS on
the surface of it’s structure.
2. White blood cells called lymphocytes recognize a
foreign invader because of its ANTIGENS and will
cause our B cells (types of lymphocytes, white blood
cells) to begin to make proteins called ANTIBODIES.
3. ANTIBODIES have a special molecular form that
allows them to match ANTIGENS like a puzzle piece.
4. Once attached, the invader can be destroyed!
Some B cells can remember an antigen and produce
antibodies quicker next time!
THIRD LINE OF DEFENSE: SPECIFIC IMMUNE RESPONSE
Pathogen infects human.
This pathogen contains
___________ that mark it
as an invader.
A white blood cell (phagocyte) recognizes
the pathogen as an invader and engulfs it
through _________________.
T
The phagocyte _________
Helper T cells.
The phagocyte now displays the antigen
from the ______________.
B
Helper T cells activate B cells
which then produce
_________________.
These antibodies attach to the
pathogen and signal for them to
be _________.
Antigen:__________________________________________________
_________________________________________________
Antibody: _________________________________________________
_________________________________________________
Vaccine: __________________________________________________
_________________________________________________
Pathogen: _________________________________________________