Transcript Therapy

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Giving individuals hope for recovery
Helping individuals gain new perspectives on
their problems
Providing an individual with a caring, trusting
relationship
Help people realize they are responsible for
their own problems
They are the only ones that can solve their
problems
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Counseling psychologists (PhD, PsyD, MA)
Clinical psychologists (PhD or PsyD)
Psychiatrists (MD or DO)
Social workers (MA or MSW)
Psychiatric nurses (RN)
Marriage and family therapist (MA)
LPC (MA)
Teachers, guidance counselors, clergy, and
family doctors
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28% of Psychologists in 1978 were female
52% of Psychologist’s today are female
75% of current undergraduate psychology
majors are female
66% of current psychology graduate students
are female
-Gill, 2006; APA, 2005; Barber, 1999
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What is the professional’s field?
What degrees does the professional hold?
Is the professional licensed by the state?
What are the therapist’s plans with treatment,
and how long will treatment take?
What is the estimated cost of treatment?
Psychoanalytic Therapy
Freud and his famous couch
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Aimed at making patients aware of their
unconscious motives so that they can gain
control over their behavior
Try to reduce anxiety and guilt
Insight - self-awareness (YOU are the root of
your problems) which leads to a solution
Long-term: Meet 4-5 times a week for 3-6 years
Useful for anxiety, mild depression, and
difficulty in handling social relationships
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Free association – a method used to examine the
unconscious; the patient is instructed to say
whatever comes into his/her mind – nothing is
unimportant
Resistance – the reluctance of a patient either to
reveal painful feelings or to examine long-standing
behavior patterns
Dream analysis – technique used by
psychoanalysts to interpret the content of patients’
dreams
Manifest content – actual content of dream
Latent content – hidden meaning
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Transference – the process, experienced by the
patient, of feeling toward a therapist the way
he or she feels or felt toward some other
important figure in his/her life
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Motivation
Capacity for interpersonal relationships
Capacity for introspection and insight
Ego strength
What is “humanistic therapy”?
What is meant by client-centered
therapy?
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Most effective for people who experience anxiety,
mild depression, and problems in social
relationships
Person-centered therapy – help clients find their
true selves and realize their unique potential
Therapist’s role is to act as a mirror, reflecting the
client’s thoughts and feelings back so they can see
themselves more clearly
Active listening – listener repeats, rephrases, and
asks for clarification of the statements made by the
speaker
Unconditional positive regard
Genuineness
Acceptance
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The Imposter Syndrome is a totally distorted
self-view – one that limits people’s perceptions
of who they are and what they are capable of.
70% of the talented and successful people they
interviewed experienced feeling like a fake or
fraud, dismissing their successes as good luck,
fate or someone’s mistakenly positive view of
them.
Write down any irrational thoughts
you’ve had recently….
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Catastrophizing – expecting a disaster to occur
Mind reading – assuming that you know what
someone else is thinking or feeling without the
person expressing his or her thoughts
Being right - needed to prove that your
opinions and decisions are always right even in
the face of evidence to the contrary
Emotional reasoning – believing that what you
feel must be true
Cognitive Therapy
Nobody likes me  Even people who like me
occasionally get mad at me
I’m a moron
 I’m smart, even if I do make
mistakes now and then
I’m worthless
 I’m a good person
My jokes are bad  It’s not my fault that the class
has no sense of humor.
Cognitive Therapy
Constant Repetition
of Negative
thoughts leads to
abnormality
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Help people learn to think about their
problems in more productive ways
Meet once a week for 15-25 weeks
Effective for depression, anxiety, personality
disorders, and schizophrenia if also receiving
drug therapy
Beck’s Cognitive Therapy
•Focused on illogical
thought processes
-Arbitrary inference –
drawing conclusions when
there is no evidence
-Selective abstraction –
focusing on ONE detail
-Overgeneralization – failed
ONE test = worthless
Rational – emotive therapy
(RET) – based on Ellis’s
belief that people are
basically logical in their
thinking and actions but the
assumptions upon which
they base their thinking is
sometimes flawed
-identify/challenge
assumptions
- “I MUST DO
EVERYTHING
PERFECTLY.”
-Role-playing and modeling
-Homework assignments
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Aim is to teach people more desirable ways of
behaving
Behaviorists believe that both desirable and
undesirable behaviors are largely learned
Behavior modification – develop more
adaptive behavior
Short-term therapy
Effective: phobias, PTSD, compulsions,
substance abuse
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Counterconditioning
Systematic desensitization*
Modeling
Aversive conditioning
Operant conditioning
Token economies
Successive approximations
Social skills training
Behavioral Therapy
Systematic Desensitization
Behavioral Therapy
Flooding
Behavioral Therapy
Aversion Therapy
+
Ipecac
+
=
Alcohol
=
Sobriety
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What is the primary method used in
psychoanalysis?
Who started person-centered therapy?
What is the focus of humanistic therapy?
What is the most effective method of therapy
for those with depression?
If someone is experiencing hallucinations and
delusions, what disorder may they be
diagnosed with?
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Anti-anxiety drugs – prescribed to control
symptoms of anxiety disorders and to reduce
stress due to temporary life circumstances
Anti-depressants – help people with major
depression and sometimes to help with eating
disorders and panic disorders
Anti-psychotic drugs – prescribed to control the
disordered thoughts, delusions, and hallucinations
of people with schizophrenia
Lithium – a chemical used to counteract mood
swings of bipolar disorder; many side effects
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Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) – an electrical
shock is sent through the brain to try to reduce
symptoms of mental disturbance
Psychosurgery – medical operation that destroys
part of the brain to make the patient calmer and
freer of symptoms
Prefrontal lobotomy – a radical form of
psychosurgery in which a section of the frontal
lobe of the brain is destroyed
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DCUmINGa
e44
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What is the most used type of BEHAVIOR therapy?
What is a side effect of over-usage of antipsychotics?
The bell-pad technique is what type of therapy?
What is a major side effect of ECT?
Active listening & unconditional positive regard =
person-centered therapy
Number 38*