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The Civil War
Ch:16 - 18 Timeline 1861-1865 &
Reconstruction Era
Pages 478-549
Cause & Effect
• September 1850
The Compromise of
1850 goes into effect
*dispute over territory,
controversy
surrounding how to
deal with slavery in
the lands gained from
War with Mexico.
• Pg. 461
Laws intended to settle the
major disagreements
between the free and
slave states. To please
the North, CA would be
admitted as a free state.
South, Congress would
not pass laws regarding
slavery for rest of the
territories won from
Mexico.
Cause & Effect
• 1854 KansasNebraska Act goes
into effect
*issue of slavery in the
territories brought
blood shed. Decision
to allow slavery will
be settled by popular
sovereignty.
• Pg. 464
Law that established the
territories of Kansas and
Nebraska and gave their
residents the right to
decide whether to allow
slavery. The bill angered
opponents of slavery and
soon turn Kansas into a
battle ground over
slavery.
Cause & Effect
• Pg. 473
• February 1861
The states that had
Confederate State of
seceded from the
America was formed
Union met in
* 1860 Lincoln get
Montgomery, AL and
elected as the
decided to form a
President of US.
confederation and
Secession based their
named Jefferson
Davis as president.
arguments on the
Ended the hopes of
idea of states’ rights.
avoiding the war.
Cause & Effect
• April 1861
Confederate guns
open fire on Fort
Sumter
* Strategic military post
that contained
supplies (weapons).
• Pg. 481
A federal fort located in
the harbor of
Charleston, SC.
Marked the beginning
of the Civil War.
Cause & Effect
• July 1861
the First Battle of Bull
Run
*Part of Gen. Scott’s
Anaconda Plan…
calling for immediate
attack on Richmond,
the Confederate
capital.
• Pg. 485
Confederate wins and
dashes Union hopes
of winning the war
quickly and easily.
Cause & Effect
• March 1862
Ironclads - The Monitor
meets the Virginia
*military technology
advanced.
Improvements in the
weapons of war had
far-reaching effects.
• Pg. 491-492
Warships covered in
iron; marked the
advancement in
military technology.
Union wins and
signaled a revolution
in naval warfare and
casualties soared.
Cause & Effect
• April 1862
The Battle of Shiloh
*Both sides were
fighting to control the
Mississippi River. For
the Union it would
provide a way into the
South.
• Pg. 494
Union wins and forced
the Confederacy to
retreat, they gained
the upper hand in the
struggle to control
Mississippi River
valley. The first
bloody battle of the
war.
Cause & Effect
• September 1862
The Battle of Antietam
*Gen. Lee invades the
North. He hoped the
victory in the North
might force Pres.
Lincoln to talk peace.
• Pg. 497 Union wins
and it is the bloodiest
single-day battle of
the war and American
history. General Lee
lost a large number of
his troops
(Confederate Army),
and his northward
advance had been
stopped.
Cause & Effect
• January 1863 The
Emancipation
Proclamation goes
into effect
*Freeing Southern
slaves weakened the
Confederacy.
Lincoln’s action could
be seen as a military
action.
• Pg. 504 An executive
order issued by President
Lincoln, freeing the
slaves in all regions in
rebellion against the
Union. The loss of slave
labor severely damaged
the southern economy
and the Confederate war
effort and had a
tremendous impact on
the public.
Cause & Effect
• March 1863
54th Massachusetts
Regiment was
assembled
*Em. Proc. allowed
African-American to
enlist in the US
military. 54th helped
increase African –
American enlistment.
• Pg. 506
One of the first AfricanAmerican regiments
organized to fight for
the Union. Their
heroism increased
African-American
enlistment.
Cause & Effect
• July 1863
The Union army wins
major victory at
Gettysburg,
Pennsylvania.
*The Confederate
learned of a supply of
shoes in the town…
went to investigate.
• Pg. 513 battle in
which the Union
defeated the
Confederacy,
renewed northern
confidence that the
war could be won.
On Nov. 1863, Pres.
Lincoln spoke at the
dedication of a
cemetery, The
Gettysburg Address.
Cause & Effect
• Nov. 1863
President Lincoln
delivers the
Gettysburg Address
*Pres. Lincoln spoke at
the dedication of a
cemetery for the
3,500 soldiers buried
there.
• Pg. 513-514
reminded Americans of
the ideals on which
the republic was
founded. Declared
that the nation was
founded on “the
proposition that all
men are created
equal.”
Cause & Effect
• 1865
Congress proposes the
Thirteenth
Amendment on
January 1865 and the
law went to effect on
December 1865
• Pg. 521 & 270
An amendment to the
U.S. Constitution
banning slavery and
involuntary servitude
in the U.S. Freeing
millions of enslaved
persons.
Cause & Effect
• April 1865
Gen. Lee surrenders at
Appomattox Court
House
*Lee wanted to continue
fighting, but he knew
that the situation was
hopeless.
• Pg. 519
marked the end of the
Confederate war
effort. Changing the
country forever.
Cause & Effect
• March 1867
Congress passes the
first federal
Reconstruction Act
*The Southern states
refused to support the
14th Amendment.
• Pg. 535-536 acts
required all southern
states to create new
state constitutions
supporting the
Fourteenth
Amendment before
they could be
readmitted to the
Union
Cause & Effect
• Feb. 1869
Congress proposes the
Fifteenth
Amendments
* US worried that the
Southern states might
try to keep African
Americans from
voting in future
elections.
• Pg. 546
Gave African American
men throughout the
United States the
right to vote.
Cause & Effect
• March 1875
Congress passes the
Civil Rights Act of
1875
*To outlaw segregation
in public services.
• Pg. 548-549
Allowed African
Americans to sue
private businesses for
discrimination.
Cause & Effect
• March 1877
The Compromise of
1877 ends
Reconstruction
*Controversy over 1876
Presidential
election… electoral
votes of South.
• Pg. 548
The Democrats agreed
to accept Hayes’s
victory if all remaining
federal troops were
removed from the
South.