Transcript 4.1 The Divisive Politics of Slavery

Do Now: 9/22 or 9/23
Refer to the image to the
left.
1) What do you see? What
do you think happened?
2) How do you feel about
this image? Explain.
3) How might this image
be used to support the
abolitionist movement?
Do Now: 9/24
You are going to hear a letter read from a slave to
his former master. On your Do Now write:
Jordan Anderson to Master: August 7, 1865
1) What does Jordan say he now makes in wages?
2) What does he say his time served was worth?
3) Do you think he will return to his former master,
why?
Do Now: 9/26
Use the Northern and Southern resources chart on
page 169 to answer the following in complete
sentences:
1. Which side had the advantage in terms of industrial
production?
2. What was the approximate population of the North? The
South?
3. What predictions can you make about the outcome of the
Civil War from this information? Use evidence from the
chart.
Do Now: 9/29-9/30
Write “North”
and
“South” on the
top of two columns for your Do Now.
-Put the following terms, people, or description
under the correct column (do this from memory or
use Chapter 4 if needed:
Blue
Robert E. Lee
Abraham Lincoln
Stonewall Jackson
Confederacy
Grey
Jefferson Davis
Richmond
Washington DC
Slave States Gettysburg
Ulysses Grant
Union
4.1 The Divisive Politics of
Slavery
How did slavery divide the nation?
Differences Between the North and
South
• The North and South had developed into very
separate regions
• The South depended on slavery; the Northern
industry did not need it and opposition grew
• In 1849, CA asked to enter the Union as a free
state; Southerners were angry b/c much of CA
was south of the Missouri Compromise Line
• They felt that any move to ban slavery was an
attack on their way of life and threatened
secession, the decision to leave the Union
The Compromise of 1850
• Henry Clay presented the Compromise of 1850
• To please the North, it said that CA would be
admitted as a free state
• To please the South, it included the Fugitive
Slave Act, which required Northerners to return
escaped slaves to their masters
• It also included popular sovereignty, or the right
to vote for or against slavery, for New Mexico
and Utah territories
Protest, Resistance, Violence
• Many Northerners were angry over the
Fugitive Slave Act; freed African
Americans and white abolitionists
organized the Underground Railroad, a
secret network of volunteers who hid
fugitive slaves on their journey north to
freedom
• Harriet Tubman, an escaped slave, was a
famous ‘conductor’, or worker
Continued
• Harriet Beecher Stowe’s novel Uncle Tom’s
Cabin (1852) showed slavery’s horrors to
Northerners, while Southerners saw the book as
an attack on their way of life
• Meanwhile, the Kansas-Nebraska Act of 1854
split Nebraska into the territories of Nebraska
and Kansas; both could decide whether to allow
slavery
• Pro and anti slavery people rushed to Kansas to
try to sway the vote, which earned it the
nickname “Bleeding Kansas” after violence
broke out on both sides
New Political Parties Emerge
• Franklin Pierce, a Democrat, was elected
President in 1852
• Several new parties appeared in the North:
– Free Soil Party: against the extension of slavery but
not abolitionist
– Know-Nothing Party: supported Nativism and was
against immigration; feared slavery competing with
the wage labor system in the North
– Republicans: formed in 1854 and brought together
Free-Soilers, Whigs, Democrats, and nativists
Conflicts Lead to Secession
• Dredd Scott was a slave who’d been taken
to free states for a time and claimed that
being in free states had made him free
• In 1857, b/c of his case, the Supreme
Court ruled that slaves were property
protected by the Constitution
• Southerners felt that this decision allowed
slavery to be extended into the territories
Continued
• In 1858, Stephen Douglas ran against Abraham Lincoln
in Illinois for a Senate seat
• They held a series of debates about slavery in the
territories that became known as the Lincoln-Douglas
debates and made Lincoln famous
• He was then nominated for President in 1860; his
election was not supported by the South and caused
them to secede from the Union in 1860
• By Feb. 1861, seven Southern states had seceded; they
feared an end to their way of life in the Union and felt
they had lost their political power in the US
• They formed the Confederacy, with Jefferson Davis as
their President