Transcript What is Reconstruction?

Warm-Up 2/4/16
In your notebook, answer the
following questions in 4-5
complete sentences. You can use
your devices.
What does Emancipation
Proclamation mean? When did it
happen?
 Learning Target:
 We will re-examine the importance and
significance of the Civil War and
Reconstruction
 Success Criteria
 I will create a timeline of events before,
during, and after the Civil
War/Reconstruction.
Reconstruction Stations
Wrap-up
 You will have 6-8 minutes to finish the
last couple of stations
 Work with your group too find the Main
Idea, Important Details, Significance, and
if it is Political/Social/Economic
Civil War – Reconstruction
Review
 The South secedes (leaves) the Union
and creates their own
government/country called the
Confederacy
 Civil War: 1861-1865
 North: Union Army
 South: Confederate Army
Sam Houston disagreed with
joining the Confederacy and
he was kicked out of office
Civil War Begins
 The Civil War begins in April 1861 at
Fort Sumpter in Charleston Harbor,
South Carolina
 Confederate forces fire on a Union fort
in the harbor and war begins
 Beauregard vs. Anderson – Friends
yet enemies
Battle of Galveston
 Union ships blockaded Texas ports.
 Cotton was transported through Mexico
and sent to Europe in exchange for war
supplies.
 In October 1862 Union forces attacked
and captured Galveston.
 Texas Confederate forces retook
Galveston in January 1863.
Texans Defend Sabine
Pass
 Confederate soldiers defeated Union
forces at Sabine Pass.
 Dick Dowling and the Davis Guards played
a major role by capturing 350 soldiers and
two boats.
 The Battle of Sabine Pass was an
important Confederate victory, foiling the
Union’s major campaign against Texas.
Battle of Palmito Ranch
 General Robert E. Lee surrendered to
General Ulysses S. Grant at
Appomattox Courthouse in Virginia on
April 9, 1865.
 The last land battle of the Civil War took
place on May 13, 1865, at Palmito
Ranch, near Brownsville.
 Texans learned from their prisoners that
Lee had surrendered a month earlier.
Reconstruction 1865-1877
a. What is Reconstruction?
i.
The period at the end of the Civil War
when Southern states were brought
back into the Union
ii. It also involved the rebuilding of areas
that had been destroyed by warfare.
Juneteenth
a.
On June 19, 1865, two years after the
Emancipation Proclamation was issued,
General Gordon Granger landed in
Galveston and declared all enslaved
Texans were free.
b. This day became known as Juneteenth—
the day African Americans in Texas
received freedom…it has since become
an annual celebration in Texas.
13th Amendment
 Ratified in December, 1865.
 Neither slavery nor involuntary
servitude, except as punishment for
crime whereof the party shall have been
duly convicted, shall exist within the
United States or any place subject to
their jurisdiction.
 Congress shall have power to enforce
this article by appropriate legislation.
The Freedmen’s Bureau
Assists Texans
c.
It operated for 5 years by:
i.
ii.
Helping them find jobs.
Issuing food and clothing to the sick, aged,
and poor.
iii. Establishing the first public schools in Texas
for African American children.
d. Many southerners accused the
Freedmen’s Bureau agents of meddling in
local matters, wasting taxpayers’ money,
and strengthening the Republican Party.
Radical Republicans Take Charge
a. The Radical Republicans took
control of Reconstruction; and
disagreed with Lincoln and
Johnson’s plans.
b. They pushed a plan to set stricter
standards for readmitting Southern
states to the Union and that would
protect the freedom of African
Americans in the South.
Southerners Oppose Reconstruction
a. Southern white supporters of
Reconstruction were called scalawags.
b. Northerners who often came to the South
for political and economic gain were
called carpetbaggers. Both were
Unionists.
Black Codes
 Purpose:
*
Guarantee stable labor
supply now that blacks
were emancipated.
*
Placed limitations on
African American
*
Less jobs, no voting, poor
education, etc.
 Forced many blacks to
become sharecroppers
[tenant farmers].
th
14
Amendment
 Ratified in July, 1868.
*
Provide a constitutional guarantee of the
rights and security of freed people.
*
Free African Americans are now citizens of
the United States
15th Amendment
 Ratified in 1870.
 The right of citizens of the United States
to vote shall not be denied or abridged by
the United States or by any state on
account of race, color, or previous condition
of servitude.
 The Congress shall have power to enforce
this article by appropriate legislation.
 Women’s rights groups were furious that
they were not granted the vote!
Constitution of 1876
 Long and detailed, to limit the options available
to officials.
 Weak powers for governors
 Limits on legislatures
 Detailed judicial provisions
 Overly specific provisions for local government,
especially county governments
 Had to accept the 13th amendment in order to
be part of the Union
Reconstruction Quiz
 Put everything away and get ready for
the quiz
Warm-Up 2/3/16
In your notebook, explain about
one of the stations you had
yesterday about the
Reconstruction in 4-5 complete
sentences.
Reconstruction Stations
 You will have 8-10 minutes at each
station
 Work with your group too find the Main
Idea, Important Details, Significance, and
if it is Political/Social/Economic
Exit Ticket
 Rate the issues or events that you have
done for today from Most Important to
Least Important
 Explain why you rated the events or
issues the way you did.
Warm-Up 2/2/16
In your notebook, answer the
following question in 3-5
complete sentences.
What is reconstruction?
 Learning Target:
 We will analyze the political, economic, and
social effects of Reconstruction in Texas
 Success Criteria
 I will explain the political, economical and
social effects of Reconstruction
Reconstruction
a. What is Reconstruction?
i.
The period at the end of the Civil War
when Southern states were brought
back into the Union
ii. It also involved the rebuilding of areas
that had been destroyed by warfare.
Reconstruction
 After the Civil War, the president and Congress
began the work of Reconstruction to restore the
Southern states to the Union.
 Texas suffered from economic difficulties and
divisions created by the war.
 After President Lincoln was assassinated,
President Johnson set up provisional
governments in all of the Confederate states until
they were readmitted to the Union.
Reconstruction
b. Much of the South lay in ruins,
though Texas had largely been
spared.
 Many people were without food and
shelter, and the differences between
the North and South remained.
Two Presidential Plans
a.
Before his death, President Lincoln
wanted a moderate policy of
Reconstruction—one “with malice toward
none, and charity for all”. HIS GOAL? –
UNITY!
b. Andrew Johnson, the new president,
continued this plan and set up a
provisional government in each southern
state and appointed officers until the
state was readmitted to the Union.
Two Presidential Plans
i.
To be readmitted to the Union, each
southern state had to abolish slavery
and nullify, or cancel, its ordinance of
secession.
ii. To regain their right to vote, southern
citizens had to take an oath of
allegiance to the United States.
Reconstruction Stations
 You will have 8-10 minutes at each
station
 Work with your group too find the Main
Idea, Important Details, Significance, and
if it is Political/Social/Economic
Exit Ticket
 Rate the issues or events that you have
done for today from Most Important to
Least Important
 Explain why you rated the events or
issues the way you did.