Transcript WHO AM I ?

USA
From Lincoln to Obama
History
Culture Civilisation
Quizzes Exercises
Listening and Reading
WHO AM I ?
I lived in the XIXth century
Do you know what we are called?
• We were built in……
• You will see us if you come to ……
• We are :……
The Washington Monument
• The Washington Monument is an obelisk-shaped
building in Washington, D.C. that was built to honor the
first President of the United States of America, George
Washington. This 555-foot-tall obelisk is the tallest
building in the District of Columbia - by law, no other
building in D.C. is allowed to be taller.
• District of Columbia (Washington, D.C.) is the capital city
of the USA. The White House, the Capitol, the Supreme
Court, and many other government buildings are located
in Washington, D.C.
The Lincoln Memorial
• The Lincoln Memorial commemorates the life of Abraham Lincoln,
the 16th President of the United States. It is located in Potomac
Park, Washington, D.C.
• The Lincoln Memorial was designed by Henry Bacon; the style is
that of a Greek Doric temple with 36 enormous columns. Inside the
building is a huge statue of a sitting Lincoln. Over Lincoln's head is
the inscription:
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"IN THIS TEMPLE
AS IN THE HEARTS OF THE PEOPLE
FOR WHOM HE SAVED THE UNION
THE MEMORY OF ABRAHAM LINCOLN
IS ENSHRINED FOREVER."
• Also in the Memorial are two murals, and stone engravings of
Lincoln's second inaugural address and the Gettysburg Address.
"IN THIS TEMPLE
AS IN THE HEARTS OF THE PEOPLE
FOR WHOM HE SAVED THE UNION
THE MEMORY OF ABRAHAM LINCOLN
IS ENSHRINED FOREVER."
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Statue of Lincoln
The Gettysburg Address
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Fourscore and seven years ago our fathers brought forth on this continent a new
nation, conceived in liberty and dedicated to the proposition that all men are
created equal.
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Now we are engaged in a great civil war, testing whether that nation or any
nation so conceived and so dedicated can long endure. We are met on a great
battlefield of that war. We have come to dedicate a portion of that field as a
final resting-place for those who here gave their lives that that nation might
live. It is altogether fitting and proper that we should do this.
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But, in a larger sense, we cannot dedicate, we cannot consecrate, we cannot
hallow this ground. The brave men, living and dead who struggled here have
consecrated it far above our poor power to add or detract. The world will little
note nor long remember what we say here, but it can never forget what they did
here. It is for us the living rather to be dedicated here to the unfinished work
which they who fought here have thus far so nobly advanced. It is rather for us
to be here dedicated to the great task remaining before us -- that from these
honored dead we take increased devotion to that cause for which they gave the
last full measure of devotion -- that we here highly resolve that these dead shall
not have died in vain, that this nation under God shall have a new birth of
freedom, and that government of the people, by the people, for the people shall
not perish from the earth.
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ABRAHAM LINCOLN .
Lincoln’s Gettysburg Address
Where ,When and Why ?
Give a synonym for the word ‘Address’
• Lincoln's Address at the dedication of the Gettysburg
National Cemetery, November 19, 1863.
• On November 19, 1863, Abraham Lincoln delivered the
Gettysburg Address in Gettysburg, Pennsylvania.
• Lincoln had been invited to gave a "few appropriate
remarks" during a ceremony to dedicate a cemetery for
Union soldiers killed at the Battle of Gettysburg. Despite
its brevity and the fact that it earned little attention at the
time, the Gettysburg Address is considered one of
Lincoln's greatest speeches.
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http://grammar.about.com/od/classicessays/a/dreamspeech.htm
Where can you admire this statue of Lincoln ?
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It can be seen at the Lincoln Memorial in Washington D.C of course.
TIMELINE
• 1779:Daniel Boone brings Abraham Lincoln's
grandmother and grandfather to settle in Kentucky
• 1809:Abraham Lincoln is born in Kentucky, the US bans
the import of slaves
• 1842:Lincoln marries Mary Todd
• 1857:Dred Scott Supreme Court decision - slaves do not
have the right to bring a case to court and cannot be
citizens
• 1861:Abraham Lincoln becomes President of the US; the
Civil War starts
• 1863:Lincoln issues the Emancipation Proclamation
(Jan. 1, 1863) and gives the Gettysburg Address (Nov.
1863)
• 1864:Lincoln was re-elected President of the US
• 1865:The Civil War ends; Lincoln is assassinated; the
13th amendment to the Constitution abolishes slavery
QUESTIONS/TIMELINE
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1.In which state was Lincoln born?
----------------------------2. Who did Lincoln marry?
---------------------------------------3. When did the Civil War start?
----------------------------------------------• 4. When did Lincoln give the Gettysburg Address?
----------------------------------------------• 5. In what year did the Civil War end and Lincoln die?
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QUIZ 1
Vice-President
Civil
assassinated
slavery
Southern
Abe
Johnson
1865
play
freeing
Grant
16th
Kentucky
President
Address
re-elected
Northern
Confederacy
log
Todd
• Abraham Lincoln (February 12, 1809- April 15, 1865) was the
_________________ President of the United States of America.
• He served as President from March 4, 1861, until April 15, 1865 (he
was re-elected in 1864).
• Lincoln's ___________________ was Andrew Johnson (1808-1875).
• Abraham Lincoln was born in a _______________cabin in
_______________________________________.
• He had very little formal schooling. He eventually became a lawyer
and a Republican politician. Lincoln earned the nickname "Honest
____________."
• He married Mary ________________ in 1842.
QUIZ 2
Vice-President
Civil
assassinated
slavery
Southern
Abe
Johnson
1865
play
freeing
Grant
16th
Kentucky
President
Address
re-elected
Northern
Confederacy
log
Todd
• During Lincoln's presidency, the __________________________
states seceded from (left) the Union because Lincoln and the
Northern states were against ________________________.
• Six weeks after becoming President, the _______________War
began.
• In this war, the _______________states (which stayed in the Union)
fought the Southern states (called the ________________________).
• The Civil War lasted from 1861 until __________________________.
QUIZ 3
Vice-President
Civil
assassinated
slavery
Southern
Abe
Johnson
1865
play
freeing
Grant
16th
Kentucky
President
Address
re-elected
Northern
Confederacy
log
Todd
• On Jan. 1, 1863, Lincoln issued the Emancipation Proclamation,
which eventually led to the ______________________________ of
all slaves in the USA.
• During the Civil War, Lincoln gave many speeches, including the
Gettysburg ___________________________(Nov. 1863), a short
speech in which he stated how a country must be dedicated to
human freedom in order to survive.
• Lincoln was _________________________ President in 1864.
QUIZ 4
Vice-President
Civil
assassinated
slavery
Southern
Abe
Johnson
1865
play
freeing
Grant
16th
Kentucky
President
Address
re-elected
Northern
Confederacy
log
Todd
• General Robert E. Lee (from the Confederacy) surrendered to
General Ulysses S. ___________________ (from the Union) on April
9, 1865, effectively ending the Civil War.
• Lincoln was shot on April 14, 1865, by John Wilkes Booth (an actor).
Lincoln had been attending a __________________________ at
Ford's Theater in Washington, D.C.
• Lincoln died the next morning. He was the first US president ever
_______________________________________.
• Andrew _______________________________________ (Lincoln's
Vice-President) became the next US _____________________.
Comment on the pictures below
What would you like to say about the picture?
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Picture 1
What would you like to say about this picture?
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Picture 2
What would you like to say about this picture?
http://www.americanrhetoric.com/speeches/mlkivebeentothemountaintop.htm
http://www.drmartinlutherkingjr.com/ivebeentothemountaintop.htm
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Picture 4
What would you like to sat about this picture?
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Picture 3
What would you like to say about this picture?
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Picture 4
Look at the picture and react
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President Barack Obama rests his hand on President Lincoln's Inaugural Bible, held by his
wife, Michelle Obama, as he takes the oath of office at the U.S. Capitol in Washington,
Tuesday, Jan. 20, 2009.
From President Lincoln to President Obama
http://grammar.about.com/od/classicessays/a/obamainaugural.htm
Next:
• A quiz.
• Another story to read and listen to.
Reading Quiz: "The Gettysburg Address," by Abraham Lincoln .
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Characterized as both a prose poem and a prayer, Abraham Lincoln's
Gettysburg Address is a concise rhetorical masterwork. After reading the
speech, take this short quiz.
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Fourscore and seven years ago, our fathers brought forth on this continent
a new nation, conceived in liberty and dedicated to the proposition that all
men are created equal. Now we are engaged in a great civil war, testing
whether that nation or any nation so conceived and so dedicated can long
endure. ... We are met on a great battlefield of that war. We have come to
dedicate a portion of that field as a final resting place for those who here
gave their lives that that nation might live. It is altogether fitting and proper
that we should do this.
But, in a larger sense, we cannot dedicate, we cannot consecrate, we
cannot hallow this ground. The brave men living and dead who struggled
here have consecrated it far above our poor power to add or detract
That we here highly resolve that these dead shall not have died in vain, that
this nation, under God, shall have a new birth of freedom and that
government of the people, by the people, and for the people, shall not
perish from the earth.
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1-2
1 Lincoln's short speech begins, famously, with the words "Four score
and seven years ago." (The word score comes from an Old
Norwegian word meaning "twenty.") What famous document does
Lincoln allude to in the first sentence of his speech?
(A) The Declaration of Independence
(B) The Articles of Confederation
(C) Constitution of the Confederate States of America
(D) The United States Constitution
(E) Emancipation Proclamation
2 In the second sentence of his address, Lincoln repeats the verb
conceived. What is the literal meaning of conceive?
(A) to bring to an end, close
(B) to overcome the distrust or animosity of; to appease
(C) to be of interest or importance to
(D) to become pregnant (with offspring)
(E) to keep from being seen, found, or discovered
3-4
3 In the second sentence of his address, Lincoln refers to "that nation."
Which nation is he talking about?
(A) the Confederate States of America
(B) the Northern States of America
(C) the United States of America
(D) Great Britain
(E) Union States of America
4 “ We are met," Lincoln says in line three, "on a great battlefield of that
war." What is the name of that battlefield?
(A) Antietam
(B) Harpers Ferry
(C) Manassas
(D) Chickamauga
(E) Gettysburg
5-6
5 A tricolon is a series of three parallel words, phrases, or clauses. In
which of the following lines does Lincoln employ a tricolon?
(A) "We have come to dedicate a portion of it, as a final resting
place for those who died here, that the nation might live. "
(B) "Now we are engaged in a great civil war, testing whether that
nation, or any nation so conceived and so dedicated, can long
endure."
(C) "This we may, in all propriety do."
(D) "The world will little note, nor long remember what we say
here; while it can never forget what they did here."
(E) "But in a larger sense, we cannot dedicate, we cannot
consecrate, we cannot hallow, this ground.“
6 This ground, Lincoln says, has been "hallowed" by the "men . . . who
struggled here." What is the meaning of hallowed?
(A) empty, containing a deep space
(B) soaked in blood
(C) consecrated, highly venerated
(D) desecrated, violated
(E) greeted in a warm and friendly manner..
7-8
7 Parallelism is a rhetorical term meaning "similarity of structure in a
pair or series of related words, phrases, or clauses." In which of
the following sentences does Lincoln use parallelism?
(A) "This we may, in all propriety do."
(B) "The world will little note, nor long remember what we say
here; while it can never forget what they did here."
(C) "We are met on a great battlefield of that war."
(D) "But in a larger sense, we cannot dedicate, we cannot
consecrate, we cannot hallow, this ground."
(E) Both B and D
8 Lincoln repeats several key words in his short address. Which one of
the following words does not appear more than once?
(A) dedicated
(B) nation
(C) freedom
(D) dead
(E) living
9-10
9 The phrase "birth of freedom" in the final line of Lincoln's address calls to
mind which similar phrase in the first sentence of the speech?
(A) "all men are created equal"
(B) "conceived in liberty"
(C) "Four score and seven years ago"
(D) "dedicated to the proposition"
(E) "upon this continent“
10 Epiphora is a rhetorical term meaning "the repetition of a word or phrase at
the end of several clauses." In what portion of the long final sentence of
"The Gettysburg Address" does Lincoln use epiphora?
(A) "It is rather for us the living, we here be dedicated"
(B) "we here be dedicated to the great task remaining before us"
(C) "that from these honored dead we take increased devotion to that
cause"
(D) "we here highly resolve that these dead shall not have died in vain"
(E) "government of the people, by the people, for the people shall not
perish"
ANSWERS
• 1+A
• 6+C
2+D
7+E
3+C 4+E 5+E
8+C 9+B 10+E
Lincoln's 1863 Gettysburg Address Still Inspires Schoolchildren
By Adam Phillips
Washington 17 November 2002 (source: VOA)
http://www.voanews.com/mediaassets/english/2002_11/Audio/rm/phillips_gettysburg_08nov02.rm
• On November 19, 1863, when the American Civil War
was in its third year, President Abraham Lincoln gave his
now-immortal Gettysburg Address. The purpose of that
speech was to commemorate and solemnize a part of
the Gettysburg, Pennsylvania, battlefield where more
than 50,000 men, soldiers of the North and the South,
had been killed in three days of fighting that many
consider the turning point in the war. However, in that
brief speech, the president also set forth a vision of
democracy and national purpose that has inspired
Americans of all ages ever since. Recently, a sixth grade
teacher in Washington, D.C., brought his class to the
Lincoln Memorial, where the 11-year-olds recited the
Gettysburg Address. As Adam Phillips tells us, they had
been memorizing and pondering those words since the
school year began in September.
Part 1
• On a blustery November day, George Penny's sixth
grade class stood on the marble steps of the Lincoln
Memorial in Washington, D.C., took a collective deep
breath, and prepared to utter what many believe to be
the finest speech in American history.
Part 2
• Mr. Penny says he spent a long time helping his
students understand the deceptively simple 269
words of Lincoln's speech.
• "The Gettysburg Address is, first, a definition of
our democratic form of government. ... It is a
cornerstone of our mythology," he explained.
And I do spend a lot of time with the children
paraphrasing each sentence and discuss in the
meaning of it and putting it in historical context.
And they aren't just saying beautiful words, but
they are saying beautiful words that they
understand.
Part 3
Fourscore and seven years ago, our fathers
brought forth on this continent a new nation,
conceived in liberty and dedicated to the
proposition that all men are created equal. Now
we are engaged in a great civil war, testing
whether that nation or any nation so conceived
and so dedicated can long endure. ... We are
met on a great battlefield of that war. We have
come to dedicate a portion of that field as a final
resting place for those who here gave their lives
that that nation might live. It is altogether fitting
and proper that we should do this.
Part 4
• Like his classmates, Sean McEvor worked hard to
memorize and understand these words.
• "I think it is basically about remembering one of
the most famous speeches ever about one of the
worst things that could happen," he said. "The Civil
War was really a horrible war, and the Battle of
Gettysburg was, I think, the worst part of it. So
many people died in so little time. And the country
was fighting itself, which isn't a good thing."
Part 5
• Several parents accompanied their children to
the Memorial in support of the project.
• "I think that at this time, it's so pertinent for them
to understand that, although the speech was
given a long time ago, it really applies to all the
people who fight for our country, explained
Wilma Williams. "And that freedom is absolutely
a gift that we have and we have to keep it at all
costs. ... And I think that children should not
forget that."
Part 6
• "If [my son] Jake could come away with one thing,"
added Bryan Jordan, "I would like it would be the
knowledge of how the men who fought and died at
Gettysburg, how much they gave and their willingness to
give, which is what Lincoln says.
• But, in a larger sense, we cannot dedicate, we
cannot consecrate, we cannot hallow this
ground. The brave men living and dead who
struggled here have consecrated it far above our
poor power to add or detract.
Part 7
• Ten-year-old Jeremy Gwinner says he loved working on
this project.
• "I like the sentence, really. 'That this nation under God
shall have a new birth of freedom.' ... I think it means that
this country under God will be reunited and that slaves
will be freed. ... I really admire [Lincoln] because he led
the country through the Civil War, and he said that no
matter what the cost is, I'll bring this nation together.
• That we here highly resolve that these dead shall not
have died in vain, that this nation, under God, shall have
a new birth of freedom and that government of the
people, by the people, and for the people, shall not
perish from the earth.
That’s all!
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Pictures and Documents
from the Internet ..
VOA …
Enchanted Learning ….
Wikipedia…
About.com …