Transcript Unit PP

» Principal A: No homework for the rest of the
year for all 7th graders.
» Principal B: All 8th graders will have one test in
every subject per week for the rest of the year.
» Principal C: One core subject class will be held
outside each day for the rest of the year; 8th
grade only.
US Land Expansion 1800-1858
» Favoring the interests of one region (N,S,W)
over the interests of the entire country
(U.S.)
˃ Did sectionalism exist in the 1800’s?
» Growing divide among the young United
States
» Those from the North supported decisions
that helped
˃ manufacturing, industry and anti-slavery
» Those from the South supported decisions
that helped
˃ farming, agricultural tools, slavery
» Those from the West supported decisions
that helped
˃ mining, relations with Native Americans and Spanish
» What do you think the number one issue
was that faced the nation at this time
(1800-1860)?
» Slavery did NOT cause
the Civil War
» With the increased
movement of people
and their
ideas/beliefs…the
issue of who was
going to decide about
slavery GREW
Who’s to decide?
Who’s to decide?
Who’s to decide?
President
Supreme
Court
Congress
Who’s to decide?
» Complete the Compromises chart (p. 5 of unit packet)
˃ Using the textbook
˃ Identify:
+ when the compromise was made
+ what the compromise did/components of the compromise
(relative to slavery)
+ how the compromise dealt with slavery (allowing it to spread?
What lands the compromise impacted? tried to slow the spread
of slavery? tried to stop slavery?)
» Review/Check answers via Smart Notebook
May 22, 1856
• Slave
• Moves from slave state (VA, AL, MO) to free state (IL,
MN territory) with owner
• Sued for his freedom based on his time in free
territories – Dred Scott v. Sanford (1846)
• Reaches U.S. Supreme Court
• Decision March 6, 1857
• Refuse to free Scott
• Emerson (owner) finally frees Scott and he lives out
his life in St. Louis (MO)
•Blacks were not citizens
•Words of governing documents (U.S. Constitution,
Dec. of Ind., Bill of Rights) were not meant to include
“negroes”
•Slaves were personal property and possessed
no personal rights
•Message: “You have no future in America”
Missouri Compromise was unconstitutional
The rights and powers held by individual U.S. states
rather than by the federal government.
Ex. driving age, legal age to buy cigarettes, gun laws,
speed limits, child labor laws
Voting Age – Fed. =18/ State=their choice
The men who wrote the Constitution fought passionately
over the balance of power between the states and the federal
governments. (b/c after breaking away from GB, there was a concern about how
much power the federal government should have;
Articles of Confederation vs. U.S. Constitution)
When the Bill of Rights was added, the 10th Amendment
provided that powers not given to the federal government
remain with the states or the people.
Much like the Founders, we continue to debate the proper
balance between national and state powers.
» Political power belongs to the people
(people decide by voting)
» Senator Lewis Cass (Michigan)
» Each state in the east was given a choice
on the issue of slavery, why not new
territories (Mexican Cession, Louisiana
Purchase)
» 1840’s
» As new lands applied for statehood,
residents from both the north and
south flocked to those areas. Why?
˃ To influence the vote on the issue of
slavery
˃ Violence erupts
Read Letter Part 1
» Abolitionists used the stories of fugitive slaves
to gain sympathy for their cause (slave
narratives)
» Uncle Tom’s Cabin – fiction novel
˃ Evils of slavery
» Brought an awareness and shock to
northerners
» Created “two million abolitionists”
» Outraged southerners
2. Fiction novel:
1.
3. Date published:
4. Purpose of novel:
5. Main character in the novel:
6. Slave owner:
7. South’s reaction to novel:
8. Copies sold (by 1862):
9. Think about the books you read today.
How do you know what to believe in a
fiction story?
» 1856 - Kansas
» Pro-Slavery raided the town of
Lawrence, Kansas an antislavery stronghold.
» John Brown, an abolitionist
who had moved to Kansas to
make it a free state, struck
back. He rode into the town
of Pottawatomie Creek in the
middle of the night. Along
with his 4 sons, Brown killed 5
proslavery settlers.
» Guerilla warfare erupted and
by 1856, 200 people had been
killed in Kansas
» 1859 - Harpers Ferry, Virginia
» Led followers east on his antislavery campaign
» Planned an attack on a federal
arsenal
» He hoped enslaved AfricanAmericans would flock to the
arsenal and he would provide
guns for a revolt
» Robert E. Lee captures Brown
and followers
» Brown and four others were
hanged
» See Lincoln-Douglas Debates PP
A. Lincoln, S. Douglas, J. Breckenridge, J. Bell
1.
In 1860 the Republican National Convention was deciding
which of these two candidates would be their Presidential
nominee for the general election?
A.
B.
2.
Circle the name above that is selected by the Republican
National Convention.
3.
Why did the Democratic Party have two Presidential
nominees?
4. Who was the Northern Democratic nominee?
5. Who was the Southern Democratic nominee?
6. What was the Constitutional Union party?
Who was their Presidential nominee?
7. If Lincoln was not on the ballot for
ten southern states, how did he still
win the 1860 Presidential election?
8. What was the Southern reaction to
Lincoln’s victory? Why?
» NOVEMBER 6, 1860
Wins election as first Republican president in a
four-way race
» February 1, 1861
Seven states had seceded (Dec. 1, 1860 – SC)
» MARCH 4, 1861
Takes oath of office as sixteenth president of the
U.S.
» June 8, 1861
Four additional states had seceded (within the first
three months of war – totaling eleven states)
» To withdrawal
» Leave the Union
˃ States held conventions to join the Union, shouldn’t they be able to
hold a convention to leave the Union?
» Concern that Lincoln would abolish slavery in
the entire US
» Southern states believed their economy and
way of life would be destroyed without slavery
State
Date of Secession
South Carolina
December 20, 1860
Mississippi
January 9, 1861
Florida
January 10, 1861
Alabama
January 11, 1861
Georgia
January 19, 1861
Louisiana
January 26, 1861
Texas
February 1, 1861
Virginia
April 17, 1861*
Arkansas
May 6, 1861*
North Carolina
May 20, 1861*
Tennessee
June 8, 1861*
1808-1889
President (inaugurated Feb. 18, 1861) 1861-1865
Confederate States of America
House of Representatives - Mississippi
Secretary of War 1853
U.S. Senator – Mississippi
» Opposed secession
» As president Jefferson had a rocky relationship
with Congress and states
» Named Robert E. Lee commander of the Army of
Northern Virginia
»
»
»
»
Election
1860
President
Abraham Lincoln [R]
Main
Opponent
John C. Breckinridge [D]
Electoral Vote Winner: 180
Popular Vote
Winner:
1,865,908
Votes for
Others
John Bell (39), Stephen A. Douglas(12)
Vice
President
Hannibal Hamlin (180)
V.P.
Opponents
Joseph Lane (72), Edward Everett (39),
Herschel V. Johnson (12)
Main Opponent: 848,019