16photosynthesis2007..

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Transcript 16photosynthesis2007..

Regents Biology
2006-2007
Photosynthesis:
Life from Light and Air
Regents Biology
2006-2007
Plants are energy producers
 Like animals, plants need energy to live
 Unlike animals, plants don’t need to eat

food to make that energy
Plants make both food & energy
animals are consumers
 plants are producers

Regents Biology
How do plants make energy & food?
 Plants use the energy from the sun
to make ATP energy
 to make sugars

 glucose, sucrose, cellulose, starch, & more
sun
ATP
sugars
Regents Biology
Building plants from sunlight & air
 Photosynthesis
2 separate processes
 energy building reactions
sun

 collect sun energy
 use it to make ATP

ATP
sugar building reactions
 take the ATP energy
 collect CO2 from air &
H2O from ground
 use all to build sugars
carbon dioxide
water
+ HO
CO
Regents Biology
2
2
H2O
+
CO2
sugars
C6H12O6
sugars
Using light & air to grow plants
 Photosynthesis





using sun energy to make ATP
using carbon dioxide & water to make sugar
in chloroplast
allows plants to grows
makes a waste product
 oxygen
(ATP)
carbon
sun
+ water + energy  glucose + oxygen
dioxide
6CO2 + 6H2O + sun  C6H12O6 + 6O2
energy
Regents Biology
What do plants need to grow?
 The “factory” for making
energy & sugars

sun
chloroplast
 Fuels
CO2
sunlight
 carbon dioxide
 water
Make ATP!
Make sugar!
I can do it all…
And no one
even notices!

 The Helpers

enzymes
Regents Biology
H2O
ATP
enzymes
sugars
Photosynthesis
sun
energy
building
reactions
ATP
ADP
sugar
building
reactions
CO2
Regents Biology
sugar
Chloroplasts are only in plants
animal cells
plant cells
Regents Biology
Chloroplasts
Leaf
Leaf
absorb
sunlight & CO2
CO2
Chloroplasts
in cell
Chloroplast
Regents Biology
Chloroplasts
contain
Chlorophyll
make
energy & sugar
So what does a plant
need?
 Bring In
leaves
CO2
 H2O
 light

 Let Out

O2
 Move Around

shoot
roots
sugars
6CO2 + 6H2O + light  C6H12O6 + 6O2
Regents Biology
energy
Leaf Structure
cuticle
epidermis
xylem (water)
phloem (sugar)
palisades
layer
spongy
layer
stomate
Regents Biology
guard
cell
Transpiration
xylem (water)
O2 H O
2
CO2
stomate
 gases in & out
O2
Biology
 Regents
water
out
H 2O
CO2
guard
cell
Transpiration
 Water evaporates
from the stomates
in the leaves
water molecules
stick to each
other
 more water is
pulled up the tree

Regents Biology
Stomates
 Function of stomates
CO2 in
 O2 out
 H2O out

guard cell
stomate
Regents Biology
Regents Biology
Xylem
carry water up from roots
Regents Biology
Phloem: food-conducting cells
Regents Biology
 carry sugars around the plant
wherever they are needed
 new leaves
 fruit & seeds
 roots
Putting it all together
 Making a living…

sunlight
 leaves = solar collectors
 photosynthesis

gases: CO2 in & O2 out
 stomates = gases in & out

H2O
 roots take in water from soil
 pulled up by leaf evaporation

nutrients
 roots take in from soil
Regents Biology
How are they connected?
Respiration
glucose + oxygen  carbon + water + energy
dioxide
C6H12O6 +
6O2
 6CO2 + 6H2O + ATP
Photosynthesis
carbon
sun
+ water + energy  glucose + oxygen
dioxide
6CO2 + 6H2O + light  C6H12O6 + 6O2
energy
Regents Biology
Energy cycle
sun
Photosynthesis
plants
CO2
glucose
H2O
animals, plants
Cellular Respiration
The Great Circle
of Life!
Where’s Mufasa?
Regents Biology
ATP
O2
The poetic perspective
 All of the solid material of every plant
was built out of thin air
 All of the solid material of every animal
was built from plant material
air
Regents Biology
Then all the cats, dogs,
mice, people & elephants…
are really strands of air woven
together by sunlight!
sun
Got the energy…
Ask Questions!!
Regents Biology
2006-2007
Energy needs of life
 All life needs a constant input of energy

Animals = Heterotrophs
 get their energy from “eating others”
 eat food = other organisms = organic molecules
 make energy through respiration

Plants = Autotrophs
 get their energy from “self”
 get their energy from sunlight
 build organic molecules (food) from CO2
 make energy through photosynthesis
Regents Biology
How do plants live?
 Photosynthesis

Energy building reactions
 collect sun energy
 make ATP

Sugar building reactions
 use ATP for energy
 use CO2 as carbon for new sugars
 build sugars
 glucose, cellulose, starch
 build all other organic molecules
 proteins, lipids, carbohydrates, DNA
 store energy for future use
 starch in seeds & roots
Regents Biology
Regents Biology
Photosynthesis
carbon + water + energy  glucose + oxygen
dioxide
6CO2 + 6H2O + light  C6H12O6 + 6O2
energy
This is the equation you are used to
seeing, but this is not the whole story…
Regents Biology