Transcript X - Europa.eu

ICM- Marine Team
Assessment frameworks beyond 2012
MSFD requirements and Slovenian experience
Prepared by: Monika Peterlin (IWRS)
Marine team meeting
October 2012, Copenhagen
1
Background
MS reporting based on MSFD requirements in 2012
Reporting overview (Art.8,9 and 10):
European Commission. July 2012. Guidance for 2012 reporting under the
Marine Strategy Framework Directive, using the MSFD database tool. Version
1.0. DG Environment, Brussels. pp164.
2012 reporting includes:
1. Initial assessment
2. GES
3. Targets
Basis – geographic boundaries;
Work in countries – actively going on since 2008
2
Event/ date: MTM, 15.-16.10.2012
Author: Monika Peterlin (IWRS), Marine Team
Initial assessment concept
3
Event/ date: MTM, 15.-16.10.2012
Author: Monika Peterlin (IWRS), Marine Team
MSFD reporting 2012 - 1
•
Linked to sectors
•
•
4
Characteristics (Physical, Habitats, Functional groups, Species,
Ecosystems and Non-indigenous species (inventory) )
Pressures and impacts
• Physical loss
• Physical damage
• Underwater noise
• Marine litter
• Hydrology
• Contaminants
• Acute pollution events
• Microbial pathogens
• Non-indigenous species
• Fishing (and other selective extraction)
• Acidification
Economic and Social aspects (Marine activities, ES, CD)
Event/ date: MTM, 15.-16.10.2012
Author: Monika Peterlin (IWRS), Marine Team
Linked to GES descriptors
Criteria and indicators
1. Initial Assessment
GES (art.9) and Targets (art.10)
5
Event/ date: MTM, 15.-16.10.2012
Author: Monika Peterlin (IWRS), Marine Team
MSFD reporting 2012 - 2
Qualitative descriptors for determining GES (Annex I), basis for target
setting
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Descriptor 1: Biological diversity
Descriptor 2: Non-indigenous species
Descriptor 3: Population of commercial fish / shell fish
Descriptor 4: Elements of marine food webs
Descriptor 5: Eutrophication
Descriptor 6: Sea floor integrity
Descriptor 7: Alteration of hydrographical conditions
Descriptor 8: Contaminants
Descriptor 9: Contaminants in fish and seafood for human consumption
Descriptor 10: Marine litter
Descriptor 11: Introduction of energy, including underwater noise
=
56 criteria, many more indicators
6
Event/ date: MTM, 15.-16.10.2012
Author: Monika Peterlin (IWRS), Marine Team
MSFD process in Slovenia
Basis - relevant legislation:
Foto: UNIC-SUB, L. Fonda
•
•
EU level: Marine Strategy Framework Directive (MSFD,
2008/56/EC) and other legislation
MAP/Barcelona Convention and its Protocols (ECAP)
Sub-regional activities – Adriatic and Ionian Sea countries
Regional – Mediterranean, Barcelona convention
Foto: OMEGA STUDIO, A. Primčič
Several expert institutions involved:
Foto: OMEGA STUDIO, A. Primčič
7
Foto: OMEGA STUDIO, A. Primčič
Authors of 2012 reports for Slovenia:
• Intitute for water of the Republic of Slovenia (Lead): M. Peterlin (Lead), U. Bremec,
M. Centa, B. Bruderman, L. Gosar, M. Kramar, T. Mohorko, A. Palatinus, Š. Petelin, M.
Peterlin, G. Urbanič
• Marine Biology station Piran: M. Orlando Bonaca (Lead), L. Lipej, A. Malej, J. Francé,
B. Čermelj, O. Bajt, N. Kovač, B. Mavrič, V. Turk, P. Mozetič, A. Ramšak, T. Kogovšek,
M. Šiško, V. Flander Putrle, M. Grego, T. Tinta, B. Petelin, M. Vodopivec, M. Jeromel,
U. Martinčič , V. Malačič,
• Fisheries Research Institute of Slovenia: B. Marčeta (Lead), P. Pengal
• Institute of Occupational Safety: F. Deželak (Lead), J. Jenko
Event/ date: MTM, 15.-16.10.2012
Author: Monika Peterlin (IWRS), Marine Team
Institute for Water of the Republic of Slovenia
Relevant geographic units for the assessment
National
Sub-reginal and regional
Fisheries speciffic regions
(GFCM)
8
Event/ date: MTM, 15.-16.10.2012
Author: Monika Peterlin (IWRS), Marine Team
Institute for Water of the Republic of Slovenia
Initial assessment - Characteristics
Annex III, Table 1
Content
PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL FEATURES
HABITATS – predominant, special (protected)
BIOLOGICAL FEATURES – biological communities associated to
predominant habitats, species composition, biomass, population
dynamics…., alien species
OTHER FEATURES - contaminants
9
Event/ date: MTM, 15.-16.10.2012
Author: Monika Peterlin (IWRS), Marine Team
Institute for Water of the Republic of Slovenia
Data availability - phy-chem, trends (SI)
Data availability
Trends
PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL FEATURES
Topography and bathymetry of the
seabed
Ok
/
Temperature regime
Ok
Increasing temp.
Current velocity and wave exposure
Insufficient
Not determined
Upwelling
Waves (height) and sea level
Insufficient
Ok
Not determined
Increasing w. and sl
Mixing characteristics
Insufficient
Not determined
Ok
High variability
Insufficient
Not determined
Ok
Stabile
Not assessed
x
Transparency
Residence time
Salinity
Acidification
10
Institute for Water of the Republic of Slovenia
Habitats, biological features assessment (SI)
Habitats, species, functional groups
-Segrasses, macroalgae, macroinv. (WFD)
status, trends, high confidence
- Fish, sea birds (new)
status, NO trends known, low confidence
- Mammals, cartilaginous spec., reptiles
status not assessed (needs larger geographical
coverage)
Zooplankton and phytoplankton (WFD)
status, trends, medium confidnce
Problem – high variability
11
All properties are linked to GES descriptors
Example D 1: BIOLOGICAL DIVERSITY
Habitat level
Environme
ntal status
CRITERIA 1.4 Habitat distribution
Indicator 1.4.1 Distributional range
Biocoenosis of the upper and of the lower mediolittoral rocks
Biocoenosis of the mediolittoral detritic bottom
Infralittoral and circalittoral rocky bottom
Infralittoral and circalittoral detritic bottom
Habitat types in water column
Indicator 1.4.2 Distributional pattern
CRITERIA 1.5 Habitat extent
Indicator 1.5.1 Habitat area
Biocoenosis of the upper and of the lower mediolittoral rocks
Biocoenosis of the mediolittoral detritic bottom
Infralittoral and circalittoral rocky botom
Infralittoral and circalittoral detritic botom
Habitat types in water column
CRITERIA 1.6 Habitat condition
Indicator 1.6.1 Condition of the typical species and
communities
ney ….not evaluated yet
12
good
ney
good
Trend
Level of
confidence
decreasing
decreasing
stable
stable
stable
ney
medium
medium
medium
medium
medium
ney
decreasing
decreasing
stable
stable
stable
medium
medium
medium
medium
medium
decreasing
medium
D1: BIOLOGICAL DIVERSITY - Species and population level
Environmen Trend
tal status
Level of
confidence
Bottlenose dolphin (Tursiops truncatus)
ney
ney
ney
Loggerhead sea turtle (Caretta caretta)
Yellow – legged gull (Larus michahellis)
Common tern (Sterna hirundo)
ney
ney
ney
good
good
stable
slightly
increasing
trend
stable
medium
medium
ney
decreasing
(Increasing
trend in last
years)
decreasing
ney
ney
medium
ney
ney
Ney - high
oscillation
increasing
trend
increasing
trend
ney
ney
medium
ney
ney
ney ….not evaluated yet
CRITERIA 1.1 Species distribution
Indicator 1.1.1 Distributional range
13
Little tern (Sternula albifrons)
Indicator 1.1.2 Distributional pattern within the latter, where appropriate
Indicator 1.1.3 Area covered by the species (for sessile/benthic species)
Mediterranean stony coral (Cladocora caespitosa)
Neptune (Poseidon) seagrass (Posidonia oceanica)
good
Little Neptune seagrass (Cymodocea nodosa)
Pen shell (Pinna nobilis)
CRITERIA 1.2 Population size
Indicator 1.2.1 Population abudance and/or biomass, as appropriate
Bottlenose dolphin (Tursiops truncatus)
Loggerhead sea turtle (Caretta caretta)
Yellow – legged gull (Larus michahellis)
good
ney
ney
good
ney
ney
good
Common tern (Sterna hirundo)
good
Little tern (Sternula albifrons)
good
CRITERIA 1.3 Population condition
Indicator 1.3.1 Population demographic characteristic (e.g. body size or age class
structure, sex ratio, fecundity rates, survival/mortality rates)
ney
medium
medium
low
medium
medium
Example: mass occurrence of zooplankton
Data availability: last 200 years
-In the period 1875-1922, peak 1908-1915;
mass occurrence every 8-12 years
- After 1970 mass occurrence every <8
years
- After 2000: Aurelia in Rhizostoma mass
occurrence almost every year
Reasons for increase in mass occurence
frequency:
-Increase in constructed structures in
coastal areea and platforms (reproduction)
-Overfishing (empty pelagial habitat)
-Climate change (temperature rise)
14
From left up to bottom right: Aurelia aurita (foto: V. Bernetič),
Chrysaora hysoscella (foto: T. Makovec); Cotylorhiza tuberculata (foto:
T. Makovec); spodaj levo Rhizostoma pulmo (foto: V. Bernetič) in
spodaj desno Pelagia noctiluca (foto: T. Makovec).
National institute for biology - Marine biology station, Piran
Muggiaea atlantica – alien, potentially invasive, not confirmed
Innitial assessment - Pressures and impacts
Annex III, Table 2
Content
PHYSICAL LOSS OF NATURAL AREAS IN COASTAL ZONE
PHYSICAL DAMAGE OF SEAFLOOR
UNDERWATER NOISE
MARINE LITTER
CONTAMINATION – priority substances
CONTAMINATION – specific pollutants
NURIENT AND ORGANIC MATTER ENRICHMENT
BIOLOGICAL DISTURBANCE
15
Institute for Water of the Republic of Slovenia
Areas with no constructions
Physical loss (coastal zone)
34%
Industry and major ports
21%
Marinas -
10%
Urban areas -
5%
Urban areas (tourism) -
31%
Areas of cultural heritage -
10%
% of coastal length
16
Institute for Water of the Republic of Slovenia
Physical loss (coastal zone)
Summary of impacts and evaluation of status
•
Loss of natural habitats
•
Loss of areas for nesting birds in the coastal area
•
Disturbance of migratory ways between land/sea (tortoise)
•
Fragmentation of natural living environment to the areas insufficient for
survival
•
Change in sediment and silt transportation > change of habitats
Results
17
•
Habitat extent of biocenosis in mediolittoral is getting smaller
•
Status of habitat types in infralittoral is deteriorating
•
Presence of jellyfish in the last 10 years is increasing
Institute for Water of the Republic of Slovenia
Physical damage
Physical damage
• Impacts on habitats - not evaluated
• Data: spatial distribution of pressures
Expected pressures identified based on expert opinion:
•Impact on the sea bed (commercial fishing nests, mussels collection)
• Rearrangement of sediment (anchoring of feeder ships),
• Channels dredging on sandy or muddy bottom (anchoring of tourist boats),
• Resuspension of sediments (shipping, boating, commercial fishing with bottom
trawling nests),
• Overthrowing of rocks (large vessels anchoring)
18
Institute for Water of the Republic of Slovenia
19
Physical damage
Underwater noise
Institute for Water of the Republic of Slovenia
Underwater noise
•Impulsive noise (general sources: pile
driving, seismic survey, explosions)
Marine traffic
•Continuous noise (shipping activity,
dredging)
First measurements in the Slovenian sea of
continuous low frequency sound, results:
UDERWATER
NOISE
Fisheries
Construction
Exploration of thes ea bottom
• Spreads over 10 km far < UW noisein the
area is more expressed due to echo and
(bathimetry, characteristics of seabed).
• Noise range of 127 – 137 dB > relatively
high levels with possible effects on marine
organisms.
• Boats and ships are main sources of
underwater noise.
• Especially problematic recreational boats!
20
Military vessels
Motor boats
Institute for Water of the Republic of Slovenia
Underwater noise
Possible impacts (marine mammals)
•Behavioural changes,
•Changes in perception (difficult or impossible interspecies communication),
•Temporal or permanent hearing treshold shifts,
•Physical injuries (hematoma, internal bleeding, respiratory system and swim
bladders injuries, ...).
• no data on underwater noise impacts on marine biota for the Slovenian
sea used in 2012 IA
21
Marine litter
Institute for Water of the Republic of Slovenia
Marine litter
foto: M. Kramar
foto: A. Palatinus
foto: A. Palatinus
Data availability in 2012:
- beach litter (good coverage),
- floating litter and microplastic (floating and in beach sediment) – test data;
- data on litter ingestion - Caretta caretta (literature).
• It is estimated that most marine litter end up on the ocean floor (75%)
• 15% are found floating in the water column and on the sea surface
• 15% are found on the beach.
22
Institute for Water of the Republic of Slovenia
Beach litter results
23
Marine litter
Contamination by PS
Institute for Water of the Republic of Slovenia
Contamination
by priority and priority hazardous substances
Inputs :
Emissions from
industry
Pesticides from
agriculture
Substances in
antifouling paints
Storm water runoff
Major gap – transboundary pollution and atmospheric deposition not addressed
Support of EMODNET network would be helpfull
24
Contamination by priority substances
Institute for Water of the Republic of Slovenia
Emissions
from industry
10 years data series from national emission monitoring
No. of industrial plant that produce waste waters with PS
and PHS is 
Pesticides
from
agriculture
Analysis on pesticides sold in the area. Includes data on
pesticides adsorption and absorption by plants. Correlation
with the concentrations of pesticides in the running waters.
Storm water
runoff
Inventory of outflows location of storm water runoffs
Substances in
antifouling
paints
25
(?) In the stage of investigative monitoring
Institute for Water of the Republic of Slovenia
Contamination by PS
Summary of impacts and evaluation of status
Analisys of PS concentrations in seawater, sediment and mussels Mytilus
galloprovincialis.
• organotin compounds - Tributyltin compounds (TBT),
• Polyaromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) and
• different metals (cadmium, nickel, lead, mercury)
• TBT exceeded QS for the concentrations in seawater > bad chemical status
> hypotesis: TBT is still in used and released (TBT to DBT half-time is very
short)
• Resultes of TBT concentrations in sediment show the highest concentrations
in marinas.
TBT was banned from antifouling paints since 2003 for ships of 400 gross tonage and
above or ships of 24m or more
26
Institute for Water of the Republic of Slovenia
Contamination by synthetic and nonsynthetic pollutants
Contamination
with specific synthetic and non-synthetic pollutants
Inputs:
http://24ur.com/novice/slovenija/izlitje-nafte-v-kopru.html
Emissions from
industry
27
Incidental
spills
http://www.pd-vrhnika.si/coppermine/displayimage.php?album=29&pos=3
Storm water
runoff
Illegal dump
sites
Pesticides from
agriculture
Contamination by synthetic and nonsynthetic pollutants
Institute for Water of the Republic of Slovenia
Example: Emissions from industry
Trends of several pollutants are stable.
Trends of some pollutants are decreasing.
300,000
250,000
kg/leto
200,000
150,000
100,000
50,000
0
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
leto
Sulfat
28
Težkohlapne lipofilne snovi
Kemijska potreba po kisiku (KPK)
Institute for Water of the Republic of Slovenia
Contamination by synthetic and nonsynthetic pollutants
Summary of impacts and evaluation of status
Analysis of SP and NSP concentrations in seawater, sediment and mussels
Mytilus galloprovincialis.
• PCB,
• different metals (antimony, arsenic, zinc, copper, cobalt, molybdenum,
chromium, selenium)
• organic pollutants (pesticides, chlorinated hydrocarbons, …)
• concentrations of SP and NSP in seawater, sediment and mussels are
below QS - good status evaluated
Major gap – transboundary pollution and atmospheric deposition not addressed
29
Institute for Water of the Republic of Slovenia
Nutrient and organic enrichment
Nutrient and organic matter enrichment
Inputs:
http://www.rtvslo.si/okolje/zaloska-cistilna-naprava-deluje/
Waste water
treatment
plants
30
Dispersed
settlements
Mariculture
Agriculture
Emissions
from industry
http://www.obala.com/SKRIVNOSTI_SLOVENSKEGA_MORJA/izliv_soce.
html
Load from
major rivers
in N Adriatic
Nutrient and organic enrichment
Institute for Water of the Republic of Slovenia
General trend – decreasing nutrients input due to:
• restriction of phosphate used in detergents in late 80-ies,
• construction of WWTPs – for WWTPs on Slovenian coast in last 10 years, is
evident decreasing trend of nitrogen substances in discharges
• strong link between impacts and riverine inflow
It reflects in decreasing
eutrophication of Gulf of
Trieste (link to chl a)
31
300.00
12.00
250.00
10.00
200.00
8.00
150.00
6.00
100.00
4.00
50.00
2.00
0.00
0.00
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010
year
Nitrogen Kjeldhal
Nitrate
ton/year (green line)
ton/year (red line)
• flow rate of rivers in the last 10 years is getting lower
Institute for Water of the Republic of Slovenia
Nutrient and organic enrichment
Summary of impacts and evaluation of status
For evaluation of nutrient and organic matter enrichment different criteria
were chosen and upgraded.
• concentration of chlorophyll a,
• changes in species composition of phytoplankton community
• concentration of nutrients in water column
• number of opportunistic macroalgae,
• Posidonia Oceanica meadow
• Good environmental status – on the basis of current data and knowledge
32
Institute for Water of the Republic of Slovenia
Biological disturbance
Biological disturbance
Introduction of
microbial
pathogens
33
Non-indigenous
species
Selective
extraction of
species
Institute for Water of the Republic of Slovenia
Selective extraction of species
Selective extraction of species
Major fishing pressure on 50 – 75 % of fishing area in slovenian territory.
Landings reach its major peak in 1983 (7.916 tonn) due to new fishing gear pelagic trawl. It the early 90-es the landings start to decrease and in the 2008
reach its minimum (694 tonn).
Reason: decrease of stocks, especially:
• european pilchard (Sardina pilchardus) and
• anchovy (Engraulis encrasicholus)
Major gap – only 3 of cca 80 fish stocks assessed
34
Overview pressures and impacts
Example
Institute for Water of the Republic of Slovenia
Pressure
Trend
Class
combined
PHYSICAL LOSS OF COASTAL
ZONE
deterioration
2
PHYSICAL DAMAGE
deterioration
5
unkown
n.a.
MARINE LITTER
stable
1
CONTAMINATION – priority
substances
stable
4
CONTAMINATION – specific
pollutants
stable
1
improvement
1
unknown
5
UNDERWATER NOISE
NURIENT AND ORGANIC
MATTER ENRICHMENT
BIOLOGICAL DISTURBANCE
35
Env.
status
ney
Partial
Missing
NEW
Not dev.
Partial
NEW
Dev.
Partial
Challenge
of
GES
Finished
Partial
36
Missing
Missing
Partial
Institute for Water of the Republic of Slovenia
Methods availability for monitoring (2012)
D11: Introduction of energy, underwater noise
D10: Marine litter
DESCRIPTORS
D9: Contaminants in fish and seafood
D8: Contaminants
D7: Alteration of hydrographical conditions
D6: Sea floor integrity
D5: Eutrophication
D4: Elements of marine food webs
D3: Population of commercial fish / shell fish
D2: Non-indigenous species
D1: Biological diversity
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
No. of indicators
Monitoring
Estimation:
Indicators under development
Missing indicators
Methods available ~45% indicators;
Partiall develoment ~30 %; Missing ~25%
Comment: 1 indicators can still include several elements/parameters
37
Descriptor 4: ELEMENTS OF THE MARINE FOOD WEBS
Environmen
tal status
Trend
Level of
confidence
ney
ney
ney
ney
ney
ney
Indicator 4.3.1 Abundance trends of functionally important selected
group/species: mesozooplankton
good
stable
high
Indicator 4.3.1 Abundance trends of functionally important selected
group/species: jellyfish (Aurelia sp.)
less than
good
increasing
medium
CRITERIA 4.1 Productivity (production per unit biomass) of key species or trophic groups
Indicator 4.1.1 Performance of key predator species using their
production per units biomass (productivity)
CRITERIA 4.2 Proportion of selected species at the top of food webs
Indicator 4.2.1 Large fish (by weight)
CRITERIA 4.3 Abundance/distribution of key trophic groups/species
ney ….not evaluated yet
38
Descriptor 6: SEA-FLOOR INTEGRITY
Environme
ntal status
Trend
Level of
confidence
CRITERIA 6.1 Physical damage, having regard to substrate characteristics
Indicator 6.1.1 Type, abundance, biomass and areal extent of relevant
ney
ney
ney
biogenic substrate
Indicator 6.1.2 Extent of the seabed significantly affected by human
bad
ney
low
activities for the different substrate types
CRITERIA 6.2 Condition of benthic community
Indicator 6.2.1 Presence of particularly sensitive and/or tolerant
ney
ney
ney
species
Indicator 6.2.2 Multi-metric indexes assesing benthic community condition and functionality, such as species
diversity and richness, proportion of opportunistic to sensitive species
Macroinvertebrates of soft detritic bottom in depth range 7-10 m
good
ney
medium
Macroinvertebrates of soft detritic bottom in circalittoral
ney
Macroinvertebrates of rocky bottom in mediolittoral and upper
ney
infralittoral till depth of 2m
Macroinvertebrates of soft detritic bottom in mediolittoral and upper
ney
infralittoral till depth of 2m
Macroalga in the upper infralittoral
good
meadows of Little Neptune seagrass (Cymodocea nodosa)
good
meadow of Neptune (Poseidon) seagrass (Posidonia oceanica )
good
Indicator 6.2.3 Proportion of biomass or number of individuals in the
ney
macrobenthos above some specified lenght/size
Indicator 6.2.4 Parameters describing the characteristics (shape, slope ney
and intercept) of the size spectrum of the benthic community
ney ….not evaluated yet
39
ney
ney
ney
ney
ney
Ney
ney
ney
ney
ney
medium
medium
medium
ney
ney
ney
Descriptor 8: CONCENTRATION OF CONTAMINANTS
CRITERIA 8.1 Concentration of contaminants
Indicator 8.1.1 concentration of the contaminants mentioned above,
measured in the relevant matrix (such as biota, sediment and water) in a
way that ensures comparability with the assesments under Directive
2000/60/EC
CRITERIA 8.2 Effects of contaminants
Indicator 8.2.1 Levels of pollution effects on the ecosystem components
concerned, having regard to the selected biological processes and
taxonomic groups where a cause/effect relationship has been established
and needs to be monitored
Indicator 8.2.2 Occurrence, origin (where possible), extent of significant
acute pollution events (e.g. slicks from oil and oil products) and their
impact on biota physically affected by this pollution
Environme
ntal status
Trend
Level of
confidence
bad
decreasing
medium
Partly
evaluated
ney
medium
Till now no
acute
contaminatio
n
Descriptor 9: CONTAMINANTS IN FISH AND OTHER SEAFOOD
Environmen
tal status
Trend
Level of
confidence
Indicator 9.1.1 Actual levels of contaminants that have been detected and
number of contaminants which have exceeded maximum regulatory levels
good
ney
low
Indicator 9.1.2 Frequency of regulatory levels being exceeded
ney
ney
ney
CRITERIA 9.1 Levels, number and frequency of contaminants
ney ….not evaluated yet
40
Institute for Water of the Republic of Slovenia
Links: sectors / PI and descriptors; different geographical levels
Descriptor
Sectors
(D2)
Alien
species
Pressures Alien
and species
imp.
(D3) Fisher
ies
(D6)
Seafloor
integrity
Commercially
exploited fish
(D5)
(D8) Contamination by HS, (D9) (D6) Seafloor integrity
Eutrophicat Pollutants in seafood
ion
(D10)
Marine
litter
(D11)
Underwa
ter noise
Nutrients,
organic
matter
enrichment
Marine
litter
Underwa
ter noise
Contamina Contamina Incidental
tion -non tion
– releases
synthetic
synthetic
Physical
loss
Physical
damage
Unit
MAD-SI
Marine
traffic
MS-1
Fisheries
MS-1
Tourism
AA-11
Mariculture AA-111
Ports
AA-111
Urbanisatio
AA-111
n
Agriculture
AA-111
Industry
AA-111
Other
AA-111
Defence
AA-111
Salt
extraction
AA-1113, and
1114
41
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
Institute for Water of the Republic of Slovenia
Links: sectors / PI and descriptors; different geographical levels
Descriptor
Sectors
(D2)
Alien
species
Pressures Alien
and species
imp.
(D3) Fisher
ies
(D6)
Seafloor
integrity
Commercially
exploited fish
(D5)
(D8) Contamination by HS, (D9) (D6) Seafloor integrity
Eutrophicat Pollutants in seafood
ion
(D10)
Marine
litter
(D11)
Underwa
ter noise
Nutrients,
organic
matter
enrichment
Marine
litter
Underwa
ter noise
Contamina Contamina Incidental
tion -non tion
– releases
synthetic
synthetic
Physical
loss
Physical
damage
Unit
MAD-SI
Marine
traffic
Fisheries
Tourism
MS-1
X
MS-1
X
Mariculture AA-111
X
Ports
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
Urbanisatio
AA-111
n
X
Agriculture
AA-111
X
Industry
AA-111
X
X
Other
Defence
Salt
extraction
AA-111
AA-111
AA-1113, and
1114
X
X
42
X
X
AA-11
AA-111
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
Institute for Water of the Republic of Slovenia
Links: sectors / PI and descriptors; relevant assessment areas
Descriptor
Sectors
(D2)
Alien
species
Pressures Alien
and species
imp.
(D3) Fisher
ies
(D6)
Seafloor
integrity
Commercially
exploited fish
(D5)
(D8) Contamination by HS, (D9) (D6) Seafloor integrity
Eutrophicat Pollutants in seafood
ion
(D10)
Marine
litter
(D11)
Underwa
ter noise
Nutrients,
organic
matter
enrichment
Marine
litter
Underwa
ter noise
Contamina Contamina Incidental
tion -non tion
– releases
synthetic
synthetic
Physical
loss
Physical
damage
Unit
MAD-SI
Marine
traffic
MS-1
Fisheries
MS-1
Tourism
AA-11
Mariculture AA-111
Ports
AA-111
Urbanisatio
AA-111
n
Agriculture
AA-111
Industry
AA-111
Other
AA-111
Defence
AA-111
Salt
extraction
AA-1113, and
1114
43
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
Institute for Water of the Republic of Slovenia
MAIN GAPS IDENTIFIED IN SI
• Several methods for monitoring missing, problems in setting limit
values (no reference conditions)
• Data – many missing or having low geographical coverage
• Short time series for many elements
• Regional cooperation on expert level started late, regional
coordination not finished
• Transboundary pollution - not assessed
• Atmospheric deposition - not assessed
• Data on pressures from marine sectors not always complete
• Links to pressures not always clear, are difficult to extract due to
multiple stressors
• Overall - low confidence in results
44
Foto: UNIC-SUB, L. Fonda
Thank you for your attention
Foto: OMEGA STUDIO, A. Primčič
Foto: OMEGA STUDIO, A. Primčič
45
Foto: OMEGA STUDIO, A. Primčič