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Fascism Rises in Europe
CHAPTER 15 SECTION 3
Think-Write-Pair-Share
What do you know about Adolf Hitler and Nazism?
Turn to your partner and discuss
You will be sharing your partner’s response
Rise of Fascism
Democracies survive in Britain, France, and U.S.
Other countries lose faith in democratic
governments -> frustrated by the Great Depression
and peace treaties of WWI
Think-Write-Pair-Share
What countries do you think would lose faith in
democracy? Why?
What does fascism have to offer?
Revive the economy
Punish those responsible for hard times
Restore order and national pride
Fascism
A new, militant political movement
Emphasizes loyalty to the state and obedience to its
leader
No clearly defined program
Extreme form of nationalism
Nations must struggle
Peaceful countries will be conquered
Wear uniforms of a certain color
Special salutes
Mass rallies
Similarities with Communism
Both systems ruled by dictators
only one political party
Denied individual rights
The state (country) was supreme
No democratic practices
Differences with Communism
Fascists did not want a
classless society
Each class had its place
and function
Fascists = aristocrats,
industrialists, war
veterans, lower middle
class
Fascists = nationalists
Communists =
internationalists
Think-Write-Share
Does fascism or communism seem to be more
concerned with the happiness/safety of the people?
Assignment
2-3 sentences per question
1-2 paragraphs
1. Describe fascism in your own words.
2. How is fascism different than communism?
3. Would you like to live in a fascist country? Why or
why not?
Problems after WWI (Italy)
Few territorial gains
Rising inflation
Unemployment
Italians wanted a leader to take action
Benito Mussolini
Founded the Fascist Party
in 1919
Popularity increase when
the economy suffers
Promises to revive the
economy and rebuild the
army
Attacks on Socialists and
Communists
People are scared of a
worker’s revolt
Middle class, aristocracy,
industrial leaders support
Mussolini
Think-Write-Pair-Share
Why does Mussolini’s popularity increase? Who
supports him?
Benito Mussolini
1922 – 30,000 Fascists march on Rome and demand
King Victor Emmanuel III put Mussolini in charge
Mussolini becomes Il Duce (the leader)
Gets rid of democracy and all political parties
Secret police
Censorship of radio and publications
No strikes
Not as much control as Stalin and Hitler
Think-Write-Pair-Share
How did Mussolini maintain control?
Hitler (Germany)
Receives Iron Cross in WWI
Moves to Munich and joins the National Socialists
German Workers’ Party (Nazi)
German type of fascism = Nazism
Germany should overcome the Treaty of Versailles
and fight Communism
Private militia = storm troopers
Hitler
der Fuhrer (the leader)
Hitler attempts to seize power in Munich (1923)
5 year prison sentence for treason
Write Mein Kampf (My Struggle)
“Aryans” = master race
Jews, Slavs, Gypsies were inferior
Versailles Treaty was not fair
Lebensraum = living space (Germany was overcrowded)
Hitler
Mostly ignored until the Great Depression
American loans stop and German economy collapses
Germans are frightened and confused
Hitler promises security and strong leadership
Assignment
In groups of 3 complete Guided Reading Ch. 15
Section 3
Page 477
Hitler Becomes Chancellor (1933)
Conservative leaders advise President Paul von
Hindenburg to name Hitler chancellor
A fire destroys the Reichstag building (parliament)
and the Communist Party is blamed
Nazi Party wins parliament elections
Hitler bans all other political parties
SS and Gestapo kills or arrests his enemies
Banned strikes
Constructed factories, built highways, made weapons
Hitler Becomes Chancellor
Propaganda on radios, painting, literature
Books going against Nazi beliefs are burned
Hitler Youth
Anti-Semitism = Hatred of Jews
Blamed for all of Germany’s problems after WWI
Jews are deprived of their legal rights
Nov. 9, 1938 – Nazi mobs attacked Jews (Kristallnacht)
Assignment - Kristallnacht
In groups of 3
Read the document independently
Discuss and answer questions as a group
Discuss as a class
Justification Paragraph
Which events and factors contributed to Hitler’s belief in
an extreme form of German nationalism?
1. State your claim - List at least three factors - “One factor was
……..”
2. Cite evidence for each claim - “The reason ……………. contributed
was because ……………..”
3. Support evidence with academic language – “As a result of ……..”
“If …….. then ……..” “This was a cause or effect of ……..”
4. Use content vocabulary (at least 3) – Treaty of Versailles, anti-
Semitism, Aryan, reparation payments, Mein Kampf, pogroms,
nationalism, Germanic