Transcript 2.B.3.Mon
Ms. Tanaka John Ehret HS Marrero, LA 1.Which came first, the sinking of the Lusitania or the Zimmerman Telegram? 2.How did the sinking of the Lusitania contribute to the US entering WWI? 3.How did the Zimmerman Telegram contribute to the US entering WWI? Essential Questions SWBAT… explain how the government got Americans to support U.S. participation in WWI. SWBAT… explain how Americans paid for the Great War 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. Propaganda Selective Service Act Victory Gardens Committee on Public Information Espionage Act / Sedition Act Schenk v. United States War industries board Voluntary policies of the food administration How could countries get their citizens to support the war? Propaganda- spreading of ideas to promote a cause or damage an opposing cause -appeals to your emotions Why use Propaganda? 1. Need for peacetime economy wartime economy 2. Need for a state of TOTAL WAR (TOTAL WAR: when a country puts all of its resources into fighting the war) GOAL: to encourage civilian sacrifice, support, and enlistment for the war Who controlled Propaganda in the United States? • April 1917: The Committee on Public Information –Spread propaganda for support –Great nationalist unity tool What kinds of things were people asked to do? • 1917 Selective Services Act: – The DRAFT! –4,200,000 troops sent to fight. • Victory Gardens: A movement where people in suburbs and cities began to grow food in their own gardens so America would have more food to ship to the soldiers abroad What if you opposed the war and did not want to listen to the government? • Espionage Act – Allowed postal authorities to ban treasonable or seditious items from the mail. Also enacted harsh penalties against anyone engaged in disloyal or treasonable activities. • Don’t comply? Say goodbye: $10,000 fine or 20 years imprisonment What if you opposed the war and did not want to listen to the government? • Schenck v. United States – Upheld the Sedition Act, which made it unlawful to use “disloyal, profane, scurrilous, or abusive language” about the American government. • (In other words, speak badly about the American government --> go to jail or be fined.) What if you opposed the war and did not want to listen to the government? • Schenck v. United States states that sometimes, the need for public order is so pressing that First Amendment protections of speech do not apply. II. How do you make money to fuel a war? • War Industries Board: An agency that determined what products industries engaged in the war effort would make, where those products went, and how much they would cost **Free enterprise sacrificed for nation’s need for war materials! II. How do you make money to fuel a war? • Voluntary Policies of the Food Administration: Herbert Hoover encouraged Americans to conserve their food by instituting “meatless Mondays,” “wheatless Wednesdays,” and so on. In WWI, food was a weapon! How did innovations in strategy and technology change the outcome of WWI? • Trench Warfare: A strong defensive tactic that caused the war to drag on. Trench Diagram: Day in the Life of a Trench Soldier… • • • • • • Stand-To Riffle cleaning/ Breakfast Inspection Chores Leisure (empty time) Stand-To Poison gas • Blind/ choke victim • Burns/blisters TANKS! • Slow/ broke down easily • Later had machine guns put in • Designed to move across no man’s land Airplanes: • Used for surveillance (spying) • new Submarines: • Target/bomb ships from Britain US • German U-Boats • Technology WWI: Trench Warfare Frustrating Led to a Stalemate Aerial view Artillery Worries: Rats Trench foot 1. If propaganda is the spreading of ideas to promote a cause or to damage an opposing cause, what other tools/key concepts have we learned about that do the same thing? How are they similar? 2. What role did food play in WWI? Use at least one of our key terms.