Transcript Diversity Study Guide

Diversity
Study Guide
By:
Waqas Siddiqui
Jonathan Alvarez
Judaism
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Belief in one god – Monotheism
First monotheistic person – Abraham
Promise between god and man – Covenant
Retrieved from Mt. Sinai – 10 Commandments
Freed the Jews from Egypt – Moses
Holy Book – Torah
Promise Land – Canaan
Name for Jewish people - Hebrews
Hinduism
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Founded by – ‘No Single founder’
Holy books – Vedas
Reaching Enlightenment – Moksha
Started in – India
People who created religion were known as – Aryians
Destroyer, Protector, and Creator gods – Shiva, Vishnu,
Brahma
Social class system – Caste System
Priests are known as – Brahmins
Lowest level of caste system – Untouchables
Cycle of rebirth – Reincarnation
Moral and social duties – Darhma
Buddhism
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Founded by – Siddhartha Guatama
Holy book – Jatakas
Reaching enlightenment – Nirvana
Started in – Southeast Asia
Way to reach enlightenment – Eightfold path
Spread to – Burma, Thailand, China, and Japan
Holy people were known as – Monks
Actions in life affect your next – Karma
The four noble truths –
1. Everything in life is suffering and sorrow
2.The cause of all suffering people
3.The way to end all suffering
4.The way to overcome such desires
Persia
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King that created the great empire – Cyrus
How Cyrus acted towards conquered people – Tolerance
Created to aid travel and trade – Royal Road
Area conquered by Cambyses – Egypt
Elite fighting force of Persia – 10,000 immortals
Stretched from the Indus river valley to Anatolia
Division of the empire into 20 provinces – Imperial bureaucracy
Governors of the provinces – Satraps
Religion – Zoroastrianism
Focused on the two forces of light and darkness
Believed in the idea of a Heaven or Hell
King not related to others – Darius
{Lost to Greece in the battle of Marathon}
Chinese Philosophies
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Confucianism - Confucious
Legalism – Hanfeizi and Lisi
Daoism - Laozi
Confucianism
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Founded by – Confucious
Nature of man is – Harmony
5 key relationships –
1. Father to son
2. Elder brother to younger brother
3. Husband to wife
4. Ruler to subject
5. Friend to friend
Respect for elders/parents – Filiel Piety
Writings – Analects
Rulers should act – By a code of ethics
Rulers should enforce and set an example for the people
So that it will improve society
Legalism
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Founded by Hanfeizi and Lisi
Nature of man is – Evil
Laws should be – passed strictly
Punishments should be – Harsh
No writings, instead did this to books – Burned
all books
Autocracy – Authority that only the ruler has
Emperor who instituted Legalism – Qin Shi
Huangdi
Started with Qin dynasty of China
Daoism
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by – Laozi
 Seek harmony with – Nature
 Government’s job – Not to play a role
 Symbol that represents the Natural rhythm
of life – Yin and Yang
 Thoughts are recorded in the writings
called – Dao Deching