Impact of Geography
Download
Report
Transcript Impact of Geography
Impact of Geography
Geography for the Nile River Valley
Civilization was very important. The Nile
would flood each year starting in July and
lasting until November. This flood would
provide new, rich soil for the Egyptians and
would wash away waste. The seas around the
civilization served a barrier against war and
disease
The inhabitants of the Nile River Valley Civilization depended
heavily on farming. Close proximity to the Nile allowed easy
access to water needed for crops. Seasonal flooding fertilized the
land for the next year's crops. Agriculture was essential for
survival, growth, and economic success.
King had a special status
Female companion also had a special status
Ruler of the land
Ruling Class: Related or of high importance of the King
Craftsman: Craftsman make weapons and tools for the people
Work on the decorations for tombs
Farmers: Most people of the Nile tribes were farmers that can only be
vaguely distinguished by their tombs.
Marginalized Groups: Very little known about the people.
Did not live in organized structures
Acted as military
Slaves: Little evidence of slavery
Servants were often used and sold.
Pyramids: Ancient Egyptian architecture built for
the pharaohs.
Large boats for transport
Rigid structures that held pharaoh at the top,
followed by priests, artisans, farmers, and finally
slaves.
Produced a 365-day calendar based on astronomy.
Developed early Geometry used for designing fields and
canals.
Hieroglyphics were created and carved on to tablets for
communication
Religion: Polytheistic religion - Multiple gods
Hieroglyphics- Advancement in written language by the Egyptians
making it more convenient to record information and ideas.
Ra, Shu, Nut and Geb
The Egyptians had over 2,000 gods. There were supreme gods, subsidiary ones. There
were gods with specific duties, gods associated with specific tasks, gods worshiped in
certain areas, gods enshrined in homes and gods associated with natural
manifestations such as water and air. Many had totemist and animal elements.
Grasping the pantheon of Egyptian gods and their symbols is a difficult task. Gods
can be local or universal. Favored gods and their symbols often changed from year to
year and region to region.
http://www.eduplace.com/kids/socsci/ca/books/bkf3
/imaps/AC_06_206_bantu/AC_06_206_bantu.html
Why the move?
No one knows for sure why. These are a
few ideas!
Population to big
Disagreements between people
Climate change
Find a better place
What is one reason the Bantu-speaking people
might have migrated about 4,000 yrs. ago?
Besides language, the Bantu-speaking people
probably what else might they have spread as
they migrated?
Mansu Musa made a pilgrimage to Mecca the holy city in Saudi Arabia to
profess his belief and his teachings of Islam to his 60,000 followers on his
journey from Western Africa . He also built the empire from the country's
wealth and brought European interest in the region.
According to the map, where did Africa’s early kingdoms develop? Why do you
think this is?
Sometimes history seems to repeat itself. The
rise and fall of two medieval kingdoms of West
Africa is an example of this. Mali and Songhai,
as well as the smaller kingdom of Ghana before
them, were once great trading kingdoms
famous for their gold.
The empire of Mali, which dated from the early
thirteenth century to the late fifteenth century, rose out
of what was once the empire of Ghana. Mali rose to
greatness under the leadership of a legendary king
named Sundiata, the "Lion King." Later, another great
leader named Mansa Musa extended the empire. After
his death, however, his sons could not hold the empire
together. The smaller states it had conquered broke off,
and the empire crumbled.
Songhai had been an important trade center within
Mali's empire, just as It was the largest and most
powerful kingdom in medieval West Africa. The riches
of the gold and salt mines drew invaders, though, and
in the late sixteenth century a Moroccan army attacked
the capital. The Songhai empire, already weakened by
internal political struggles, went into decline.
Timbuktu: A pattern of conquest
Looking at the city of Timbuktu, now part of the
modern African state of Mali, brings this pattern of
turmoil and conquest. In medieval times, Timbuktu
was a central spot on the trade routes.
During the height of ancient Mali, Timbuktu was one
of its most important cities. When Mali declined,
Timbuktu was taken over by the Songhai. After the
decline of the Songhai empire, Timbuktu was briefly
occupied by Moroccan forces, then taken over by the
Fulani people and later by the French.
Timbuktu's history mirrors the rise and decline of
civilizations in the area.
At first Africans traded with Europeans as
equals. This changed quickly as the wealth of
some African nations was evident.
When the slave trade ended in the mid-1800’s ,
millions of Africans had been taken from their
homeland, most to never return.
European settlers in the American needed
workers for their plantations and mines.
Some Africans enslaved other Africans and
they became wealthy. Many fiercely resisted
European conquest.
The history of slavery covers slave systems in historical perspective in which
one human being is legally the property of another, can be bought or sold, is not
allowed to escape and must work for the owner without any choice involved.
Slavery is no longer legal anywhere in the world.
By 1914, Europeans rules almost all of Africa. The
Dutch, French, English followed the Portuguese.
They set up trading posts along Africa’s coast
where sailors could get supplies.
European nations competed with one another for
the wealth and resources in Africa.
Europeans gained power by encouraging rivalries
among African ethnic groups. Europeans took the
best land to farm displacing many African families.
Please date your Daily Focus
November 27th:
Write three generalizations from the map.
Please date your Daily Focus
November 28th :
Why were the Europeans still interested in
Africa after the slave trade had ended?
http://www.timeforkids.com/destination/sou
th-africa/history-timeline
Daily Focus:
Thursday November 29th
What are two countries that are the newest
added independent countries.
Daily Focus:
Friday November 30th
What was the apartheid?
When did this end in South Africa?
Who was responsible for the ending?
ANC- African National Congress
Nelson Mandela- Ended S. Africa’s domination
of descendents of European colonists. 1994
presidential campaign:
Some gained independence peaceful:
Ghana/Great Britain
Some not so peaceful: Algeria/ France one of
the bloodiest most fierce battles for
independence.
Some are still in conflict because of lack of
governing policies and changes taking place
even today among culture groups due to
unstable and new government policies and
regulations.
Economic Issues- Farming and Mining most
important.
What is the difference between commercial and subsistence farming?
How has mining affected the economies of the countries in Africa?
HIV/AIDS
The main reason for lower life expectancy in Africa
is childhood diseases. Millions of children are born
with HIV every year.
Insects spread diseases like malaria.
Unclean drinking water and living conditions
spread the disease.
Many are poor and can’t afford health and medical
care, or it is not available.
Poor soil for farming, soil erosion reduces land
for farming so having adequate space to grow
crops is important to feed the many people in the
region.
2/3 of the continent is desert.
Write two generalizations from the map.
Why do you think this is?__________________________________________
Text p. 252
Make a list of the advantages and disadvantages of building a dam.
Then make conclusion based on your information. Decide if it is worth
the cost or not. Explain or support your position.
The Aswan Dam is located in southern Egypt. The
dam offers many benefits, especially to the people
who live along the Nile.
Describe one way the Aswan Dam has benefited
the people of
Egypt?_______________________________________
_____________________________________________
Describe one way the dam has negatively
impacted
them.________________________________________
_____________________________________________
http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/com
mons/2/2e/BarragemAssu%C3%A3o.jpg
http://www.eduplace.com/kids/socsci/ca/b
ooks/bkf3/imaps/AC_06_206_bantu/AC_06_
206_bantu.html
http://www.eduplace.com/kids/socsci/ca/b
ooks/bkf3/imaps/AC_06_206_bantu/AC_06_
206_bantu.html
http://www.rivervalleycivilizations.com/nile.
php
http://factsanddetails.com/world.php?itemid
=2317&catid=55&subcatid=350
http://www.learner.org/interactives/collapse
/mali.html
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_slav
ery