Transcript MET403-01.pps

The Atmosphere
COMPOSITION:
Made up of invisible gases . These gases are:
a)
Nitrogen
78%
b)
Oxygen
21%
c)
Other
1%
(Argon, carbon
Dioxide, water vapour, etc.)
From the standpoint of weather, water vapour is the most
important component of the air.
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Properties of the atmosphere
A)
Mobility
B)
Compression
C)
Expansion
These in combination are the cause of almost all
atmospheric weather phenomena.
The most important property of the atmosphere is expansion.
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Meteorology
Properties of the Atmosphere
Let's try a few review questions on Meteorology:
Question #1 -
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What percentage of nitrogen makes up the
atmosphere?
A
21
B
62
C
78
D
1
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Meteorology
Properties of the Atmosphere
Let's try a few review questions on Meteorology:
Question #2 -
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What is the most important component of the
atmosphere from the standpoint of weather?
A
Mobility
B
Expansion
C
Compression
D
Water vapour
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Divisions of the Atmosphere
Troposphere
Temperature and pressure decrease with height.
Lowest layer of the atmosphere.
Most weather occurs here!
Top layer is known as Tropopause. Here the
temperature stops dropping.
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Divisions of the Atmosphere
Stratosphere
Pressure still decreases but temperature
continues to increase gradually to zero
degrees Celsius.
Water vapour and air currents are almost
non-existent.
Top layer is called Stratopause.
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Divisions of the Atmosphere
Mesosphere
Marked increase in temperature that
reaches 10°C. This is due to presence of the
ozone layer (the ozone layer absorbs
radiation from the sun).
Top layer is called Mesopause.
Temperature drops rapidly to -100 °C at the
Mesopause.
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Divisions of the Atmosphere
Thermosphere
Thermosphere is the highest layer of the
atmosphere.
Temperature continues to rise in the
thermosphere.
The Ionosphere is located within the
thermosphere and reflects low and medium
frequency waves affecting radio
communications.
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Divisions of the Atmosphere
Exosphere
Layer wherein the pressure drops to
little more than a vacuum
The spectacular auroras (Northern
Lights) form in this region
Bottom is undefined and is located at
500 km above the surface of the earth.
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Divisions of the Atmosphere
Space
Very difficult to define because of
density
The temperature can rise as high
as 3,000 degrees Celsius at 600
kilometers
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DIVISIONS OF ATMOSPHERE
The divisions are
primarily
based on the
temperature of
each layer
25-30,000’
N
EQUATOR
S
55,000’ 65,000’
TROPOSPHERE
STRATOSPHERE
MESOSPHERE
THERMOSPHERE
NOTE: You must use the buttons in the Confirmation Stage
Meteorology
Properties of the Atmosphere
Let's try a few review questions on Meteorology:
Question #3 -
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What layer reflects low and medium
frequency waves?
A
Troposphere
B
Stratosphere
C
Ionosphere
D
Exosphere
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Meteorology
Properties of the Atmosphere
Let's try a few review questions on Meteorology:
Question #4 -
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What layer does the temperature first
increase?
A
Troposphere
B
Stratosphere
C
Mesosphere
D
Thermosphere
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Meteorology
Properties of the Atmosphere
Congratulations!!
You have now completed the Properties of the Atmosphere lesson of
the Meteorology Module. Of course, this lesson is always available to
you for future reference if required.
You are now ready to move along to the next Meteorology lesson you
have not completed or to any other module you wish. You can advance
to the Self Test Module if you feel ready to challenge the final exam.
Good Luck!
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