Transcript Into Powerpoint - Lake County Schools

Sra. Miller
 Hola,
Me llamo Maria.
 Soy la maestra de espanol.
 Soy de Puerto Rico.
 Vivo en Leesburg.
¿Cómo te llamas?
Instructions:
The teacher starts off by saying “Me llamo
Maria”.The next person says “Me llamo _______, y
élla se llama Maria”. The third person says “Me
llamo ______, ella se llama María y él se llama
______ and so forth, the goal is to see who can go
through the entire class without missing anyone’s
name.
Thumbs up if you
understood what
You are going to do
Thumbs down if
you need help
Try to recognize some
familiar words:
Felipe es un estudiante en la
universidad. Todos dicen que
él es muy inteligente y
organizado. Él quiere ser
doctor famoso como su papá.
Did you recognize these cognates?
Felipe es un estudiante
en la universidad. Todos
dicen que él es muy
inteligente y
organizado. El quiere ser
doctor famoso como su
papá.
Read a passage: Try to translate the main idea of a
paragraph by identifying familiar words that will
help to understand its content.
Mi familia es fantástica. Mi mamá es
muy paciente. Mi papá es muy serio.
Answer the following:
1.
2.
3.
What is the narrator’s mother like?
What is the narrator’s father like?
What does the narrator think about his family?
Mi familia es fantástica. Mi mamá es
muy paciente. Mi papá es muy serio.
Answer the following:
1.
2.
3.
What is the narrator’s mother like? patient
What is the narrator’s father like? serious
What does the narrator think about his family?
fantastic
Unit Goal:
Students will be able to introduce themselves and others and exchange
essential personal information in the target language.
Topic:
Cognates
Essential Question:
What are the advantages of being able to communicate in more than one
language?
Today’s Objective:
Identify words that are similar to those in my own language (cognates)
and/or characters that help understand the meaning.
Prepare flashcards of 50 Spanish words given by your
teacher. Your job is to put them into groups according to
what endings they have in common.
 When you are finished, look at your groups and see if you
can determine a general rule or pattern for how some
English words will look in Spanish.

 Use
INB pg. ___ to write the rules you discover in
your Cornell notes.
importante, famoso, corporación, actualmente,
comunidad, sistema, problema, universidad,
ambicioso, artista, suficiente, argumento, florista,
sarcástico, clásico, patriótico, equivalente,
necesidad, acción, curioso, religioso, elegante,
vocabulario, democracia, testamento, diccionario,
romántico, indiferente, director, turista,
absolutamente, circulación, abundante, farmacia,
proposición, central, programa, urgencia, atención,
realidad, animal, monumento, cómico, itinerario,
actividad, experiencia, idealmente, lista, usual,
delicioso
Essential Question:
What are the advantages of being able to
communicate in more than one language?
 Cognates
are words in two languages that
have a common development and thus are
similar or identical in their meanings.
 For
example, without knowing any Spanish
you could guess that the word
“apartamento” means apartment in English.

This does not mean that you can simply add an
“o” or “a” to the end of any English word and
make it Spanish.




Spanish is a language that evolved from
Latin over the last two thousand years.
English, although it is not as closely related
to Latin as Spanish, borrows thousands of
words from Latin, many of them the same
words that Spanish uses.
Both languages have borrowed many words
from Classical Greek. This results in
thousands of cognates between English and
Spanish.
This helps to give us a leg up in learning
Spanish vocabulary.
 Cognates
help to Spanish beginners feel more
comfortable with this new language.
 Establishes a link between English and
Spanish.
 Students are aware of the common origin of
words.
 Allows students to explore the language far
beyond from school’s objectives.
 There
are also false cognates. These are
words that look like words in English, but
have no common meaning.
 For example, the Spanish word carpeta does
not mean carpet in English, instead it means
folder.
Some Spanish words look like English words but
they have a very different meaning. These
words are called false cognates.
Here are a few examples :
 actual - current (NOT actual)
 asistir - to attend (NOT to assist)
 largo - long (NOT large)
 embarazada - pregnant (NOT embarrassed)
 la fábrica - factory (NOT fabric)
 la librería - bookstore (NOT library)
 exito – success (NOT exit)
Instructions:
1. Your job is to put them into groups according to what
endings they have in common.
2. When you are finished, look at your groups and see if
you can determine a general rule or pattern for how some
English words will look in Spanish.
3. Now that you put the words into groups according to
what endings they have in common, come up with a rule
for each of the groups
 Use INB pg. ___ to write the rules you discover in your
Cognates Cornell notes.
If an English word ends in “ary” the Spanish rule
is to generally add “ario” to the end of it.
 aniversario
- anniversary
 diccionario - diccionary
 disciplinario - disciplinary
 itinerario - itinerary
 literario - literary
 necesario - necesary
 ordinario - ordinary
 vocabulario - vocabulary
If an English word ends in “ist” the Spanish rule
is to generally add “ista” to the end of it.
 socialista
– socialist
 egoísta – egoist
 artista – artist
 lista - list
If an English word ends in “ty” generally change
it to “dad.”
 electricidad
– electricity
 universidad – university
 identidad – identity
 actividad – activity
 curiosidad - curiosity
If an English word ends in "tion" generally
change it to "ción".
 acción
– action
 instrucción – instruction
 condición – condition
 combinación – combination
 asociación - association
If an English word ends in "al" some of the time
the Spanish word is identical.
 criminal
– criminal
 natural – natural
 usual – usual
 brutal – brutal
 local – local
 animal – animal
 ideal - ideal
For adverbs, which end in “ly” you change it to
"mente".
 exactamente
– exactly
 naturalmente – naturally
 finalmente – finally
 normalmente – normally
 absolutamente - absolutely
For words that end in “ente” you change it to
"ent".
 agente
- agent
 cliente - client
 diferente - different
 equivalente - equivalent
 indiferente - indifferent
 patente - patent
 potente - potent
 suficiente - sufficient
For words that end in “encia” or “ancia” you change
it to "en” or “ance".
conciencia - conscience
 diferencia - difference
 distancia - distance
 experiencia - experience
 importancia - importance
 instancia - instance
 obediencia - obedience
 tolerancia - tolerance

English words that end in -ic usually have a Spanish cognate
that simply add an -o.
Examples:
o atlántico – atlantic
o automático – automatic
o democrático – democratic
o escolástico – escolastic
o romántico – romantic
o sarcástico - sarcastic
 Words
that end in -ment in English have
equivalents in Spanish that simply add an -o.
These words are nouns.
argumento - argument
monumento - monument
sacramento - sacrament
suplemento - supplement
testamento - testament
Some English words that end in -ous have a Spanish
cognate that ends in -oso.
Examples:
 ambicioso - ambicious
 curioso - curious
 delicioso - delicious
 famoso - famous
 glorioso - glorious
On your own paper, write what you think the
following cognates mean:
1. diciembre
2. mapa
3. tomate
4. melón
5. animales
6. diccionario
7. falso
8. estudiante
9. accidente
10. autógrafo
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
16.
17.
18.
19.
20.
activo
turista
artista
inteligente
acción
agosto
música
elefante
historia
pingüino
Check your answers:
1. diciembre - December
2. mapa - map
3. tomate - tomato
4. melón - melon
5. animales - animals
6. diccionario - dictionary
7. falso - false
8. estudiante- student
9. accidente - accident
10. autógrafo - autograph
11. activo - active
12. turista - tourist
13. artista - artist
14. inteligente - intelligent
15. acción - action
16. agosto – august
17. música – music
18. elefante – elephant
19. historia – history
20. pingüino – penguin
Spanish words that end in -a, -o or -e very often have an equivalent in
English. Simply drop or change the last vowel.
aire
lista
atleta
mapa
caso
medicina
causa
minuto
costo
mucho
creativo
parte
crédito
persona
dieta
positivo
drama
rápido
favorito
uso
forma
víctima
guitarra
visita
 Some
Spanish words look exactly the same as
they do in English, but you must pronounce
them differently because you are speaking in
Spanish (obviously).
 For
example, the word doctor is the same in
English and in Spanish, but must be
pronounced differently because vowels make
different sounds in Spanish than they do in
English.
Here are more words that are spelled
exactly the same in Spanish and English
but are pronounced differently:
Animal, actor, hotel, color, director, general,
hospital, and moral

There are several more, these are just a
few examples.

 The
Spanish alphabet is almost the same but one
letter was added and there are some letters that
are pronounced different when are used in a word.
http://www.onlinefreespanish.com/aplica/lessons/a
lphabet/alpha1.htm#.V3GRhnmFPRw
 There are five vowels in Spanish as well as in
English: A, E, I, O, U, In English, there are many
ways to pronounce the five vowels but in Spanish,
each vowel is pronounced only one way.
 The vowel sounds in Spanish are essential to
correct pronunciation and, of course, to learning
to read.
Note that Spanish vowels are much shorter than English vowels.
For example, take the letter “O”. When you say the letter “O” in English,
it can sound like “Oooohwa”. In Spanish, it is much shorter and staccato
and will sound like: “Oh”.
Write down the vowel sounds based on
English words
Doing this will give you a guideline to refer back to as
you work on getting your vowel sounds right and
making them sound more natural.
“A” will always sound like the “a” in “father”.
•“E” will always sound like the “e” in “eh” in “elephant”.
•“I” will always sound like the “e” in “be”. This letter can
be confusing as it sounds the same as the letter “e” in
English.
•“O” will always sound like the “o” in “oh” or “October”.
It will always sound short and without an “ooh” sound.
•“U” will always sound like the “u” in “flute” or in the
Spanish word “uno”.
The reading passage below contains many cognates
and also will give you the opportunity to practice
vowel pronunciation. Read it and see if you are able
to recognize enough cognates to respond to the
questions.
En el zoológico, mis amigos y yo vieron muchos
animales. Yo vi un elefante, un chimpancé, un
rinoceronte, y un hipopótamo. No vi ni un gorila
ni un leopardo.
1. Where did the people in this reading passage go?
2. What are 4 things they saw there?
3. What are 2 things they did not see?
4. Which vowel was hard to pronounce?
fisgar
deslucido
celeste
cucu
abejo
rima
entelerido
plaga
gorgoteo
atencion
crimen
insistir
cucurucho
letra
soldado
chocolate
delicioso
denostar
oportunidad
telefono
excelente
afrutctor
futuro
ultima
positivo
fruta
nocturno
delirio
importante
informacion
consultacion
banco
Then write those words, you found hard to
pronounce, with correct spelling
Ex. fisgar
fees-car
deslucido
celeste
cucu
abejo
rima
entelerido
plaga
gorgoteo
atencion
crimen
insistir
cucurucho
letra
soldado
chocolate
delicioso
denostar
oportunidad
telefono
excelente
afrutctor
futuro
ultima
positivo
fruta
nocturno
delirio
importante
informacion
consultacion
banco
baraja (pack of cards)
babear (to babble)
albondiga (meatball)
gorgoteo (gurgling)
insignificante (insignificant)
ilegal (illegal)
bikini (bikini)
tintinear (to tinkle/jingle)
mono (monkey)
rombo (rhombus)
escaliche (pig latin)
futuro (future)
payaso (clown)
With a partner, practice for a few minutes the
tongue-twisters your teacher will hand to you.
Make sure you are pronouncing the vowels
right.