Transcript Unit 7 Biotechnology and Human Health

Unit Seven
Biotechnology and Human Health
韶关学院大学英语部制作
Unit 7 Biotechnology and Human Health
Let’s Listen and Talk
Let’s Read and Write
Workplace Project
Career Salon
Unit 7 Biotechnology and Human Health
Let’s Listen and Talk
Listening
Speaking
Situation 1
Introducing the main
products of a company
Situation 3
Introducing the purpose
of a company
Situation 2
Introducing the sales of
a company
Situation 4
Introducing the history
of a company
Unit 1
Is Biotechnology?
7 What
Biotechnology
and Human Health
• Listening
• Situation 1 Introducing the main products of a
company
• Situation 2 Introducing the sales of a company
Unit 7 Biotechnology and Human Health
Situation 1 Introducing the main products of a company
Task 1 Listen to a conversation and tick the questions the interviewer has asked.
• √□ Jack is Project Manager who is introducing their
products to the partner.
• □ Ms. Lee is interested in Anviz’s Time and Attendance
machine.
• □ T60 has fully LCD, keypad and card reader.
• □ T50 adopts the latest TA high-speed CPU.
• □
√ T60+ can record 50000 logins.
Unit 7 Biotechnology and Human Health
Situation 1 Introducing the main products of a company
Task 2 Listen to the conversation again and complete the sentences according to
what you’ve heard.
Jack: Good morning, Ms. Lee! I am the Project Manager of Anviz, and
you can call me Jack.
Lee: Oh, good morning, and nice to see you, Jack.
Jack: On behalf of Anviz, I am pleased to introduce you our new
products.
Lee: Thank you. Actually I would like to learn about your 1 of
Access Control machine.
Jack: That must be T60+ terminal. Here is our latest 2 .
Lee: Thanks.
Jack: As you see, it is a professional
3
control system which
fully integrates LCD, keypad, optical fingerprint 4 and card
reader.
Unit 7 Biotechnology and Human Health
Lee: What’s the difference with the other old models, such as T50
or T60?
Jack: Well, it is 5 of T60, compare to T50. T60+ has adopted
the latest TA hardware 6 of high performance, and highspeed fingerprint identification.
Lee: How about the fingerprint 7 of T60+?
Jack: It’s 2000. And the log capacity is 50000.
Lee: It will be put on our list of consideration.
Jack: That will be a good choice. Actually we have provided T60+ to
McDonald company for a while, and received very good
feedbacks.
Lee: Great. Could you give me more information of your product? I
would like to make a 8 .
Jack: Of course.
Unit 7 Biotechnology and Human Health
Check up
Jack: Good morning, Ms. Lee! I am the Project Manager of Anviz, and
you can call me Jack.
Lee: Oh, good morning, and nice to see you, Jack.
Jack: On behalf of Anviz, I am pleased to introduce you our new
products.
Lee: Thank you. Actually I would like to learn about your new model of
Access Control machine.
Jack: That must be T60+ terminal. Here is our latest catalog .
Lee: Thanks.
Jack: As you see, it is a professional fingerprint access control system which
fully integrates LCD, keypad, optical fingerprint sensor and card
reader.
Unit 7 Biotechnology and Human Health
Lee: What’s the difference with the other old models, such as T50
or T60?
Jack: Well, it is upgraded of T60, compare to T50. T60+ has adopted
the latest TA hardware platform of high performance, and highspeed fingerprint identification.
Lee: How about the fingerprint capacity of T60+?
Jack: It’s 2000. And the log capacity is 50000.
Lee: It will be put on our list of consideration.
Jack: That will be a good choice. Actually we have provided T60+ to
McDonald company for a while, and received very good
feedbacks.
Lee: Great. Could you give me more information of your product? I
would like to make a comparison .
Jack: Of course.
Unit 7 Biotechnology and Human Health
Situation 2 Introducing the sales of a company
Task 3 Listen to the passage and answer the following questions.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
What is the initial major promotion?
What sponsorship program are they going to run?
How will they do in-store promotions?
What should they do to deal with their stock overhangs?
What is the special offer for the loyalty card holders?
Unit 7 Biotechnology and Human Health
• 1. What is the initial major promotion?
•
To plan introductory offers on some of the major new
products.
Unit 7 Biotechnology and Human Health
• 2. What sponsorship program are they going to
run?
•
There is going to be signing a sponsorship deal with
one of China’s top football clubs.
Unit 7 Biotechnology and Human Health
• 3. How will they do in-store promotions?
•
Doing a poster campaign in and around all of our
stores showing the new trainers and the release date.
Unit 7 Biotechnology and Human Health
• 4. What should they do to deal with their stock
overhangs?
•
Come up with ways to move the stock.
Unit 7 Biotechnology and Human Health
• 5. What is the special offer for the loyalty card
holders?
•
Double discounts for loyalty card holders on selected
products.
Unit 7 Biotechnology and Human Health
Situation 2 Introducing the sales of a company
Task 4 Listen to the passage with some blanks for you to fill in.
We’ve got a number of major promotions coming up over the
summer. First of all we’re planning
1 on some of our major new
products, including our new footwear range. Second, we’ll be signing
a
2
with one of China’s top football clubs. As for the in-store
promotions, we’re doing a poster campaign in and around all of our
stores showing the new trainers and the
3 . As for the problem
with stock 4 on about a hundred products lines, we need to come
up with some methods to move the stock. In that case we should 5
prices by maybe 25% across the board, and
6
discounts for
loyalty card holders on selected products. Now, mail all card holders
to let them know about the special offers.
Unit 7 Biotechnology and Human Health
Check up
We’ve got a number of major promotions coming up over the
summer. First of all we’re planning introductory on some of our major
new products, including our new footwear range. Second, we’ll be
signing a sponsorship
with one of China’s top football clubs. As for
the in-store promotions, we’re doing a poster campaign in and around
all of our stores showing the new trainers and the release. As for the
problem with stock overhangs on about a hundred products lines, we
need to come up with some methods to move the stock. In that case
we should drop prices by maybe 25% across the board, and double
discounts for loyalty card holders on selected products. Now, mail all
card holders to let them know about the special offers.
Unit 7 Biotechnology and Human Health
• Speaking
• Situation 3 Introducing the purpose of a company
• Situation 4 Introducing the history of a company
Unit 7 Biotechnology and Human Health
Situation 3 Introducing the purpose of a company
Sample dialogue 1
Lee: Good morning. I’d like you to join me in welcoming Jack Jonathan, the
Northeast Area Sales Vice President from the New World Biotechnology
Inc. in Australia.
Jack: Thank you, Ms. Lee. Good morning, everyone.
Lee: I’m so honored to have this opportunity to introduce our NIO (Beijing)
Biotechnology Inc. to you.
Jack: My pleasure, too. I’m looking forward to today’s visiting very much.
Lee: NIO is a start-up firm specializing in nitric oxide medical technology. It
was initially a Texas Limited Liability Company named NOS.
Jack: What’s NOS for at the very beginning?
Lee: The purpose of NOS was to commercialize patented nitric oxide
treatments. The first two patents were for nitric oxide donor compounds
and a synthetic blood emulsion containing nitric oxide.
Unit 7 Biotechnology and Human Health
Situation 3 Introducing the purpose of a company
Sample dialogue 1
Jack: That’s a kind of great job, and also an achievement in biotech and
medical field.
Lee: Of course, because co-founders are a group of scientists at the
University of Texas Medical Branch.
Jack: No wonder. NOS is firmly based on a team of talents.
Lee: Besides the two patents, the inventors discovered a third approach to
nitric oxide therapy that is now the intellectual property of NIO.
Jack: I see.
Lee:
And then Mr. Rai Kelso joined the company and provided funding to
pursue a patent on the invention.
Jack: I have been heard of Mr. Rai Kelso, but I have no idea that he is one
of the persons who rendered outstanding contribution to NIO.
Unit 7 Biotechnology and Human Health
•
•
•
Task 5 Pair work. Start a conversation with your partner according to the situation:
You’re assigned to welcome a visitor from your cooperative enterprise on behalf of your
company and give the visitor an introduction about your firm.
Suggested expressions and sentences for doing the task:
Expressions
specialize in
initially
commercialize
co-founder
intellectual property
funding
Sentences
I’d like you to join me in welcoming Jack
Jonathan.
I’m so honored to have this opportunity to
introduce our NIO (Beijing) Biotechnology Inc. to
you.
Our company is a start-up firm specializing in
nitric oxide medical technology.
He is one of the persons who rendered
outstanding contribution to NIO.
Unit 7 Biotechnology and Human Health
Situation 4 Introducing the history of a company
Sample dialogue 2
Lee:
Mr. Jonathan, the following arrangement is to visit our factory. I will send our
Production Supervisor Susan to lead the way.
Jack: OK, Thank you Miss Lee.
Lee:
I hope you will enjoy your visiting. And I will see you at dinner in the banquet hall
of Hilton Hotel.
Susan: Glad to see you, Mr. Jonathan, I’m Susan, it’s my job to take you to visit our
factory. Please this way.
Jack: Thank you, Susan. May I ask when NIO was exactly established?
Susan: Actually In December of 2000. NIO was formed and registered in Delaware and
on December 31 NOS merged into NIO, Inc.
Jack: So when did it decide to expand its business into Chinese market?
Susan: In July of 2005, NIO Beijing Biotechnology Inc was invested and formed by an
affiliated company of the family of Daniel Executive (BVI) Holding Corporation.
Jack: What’s the operating mode of NIO Beijing?
Susan: NIO Beijing is the sole operating and licensing entity of NIO in China.
Jack:
I see. China is really a massive market with great development potential.
Susan: Yes, so our mission is to develop and bring to market topical applications of
medically important gels that release Nitric Oxide in China.
Jack: I believe that it will not take a long time to get that achievement in the near future.
Unit 7 Biotechnology and Human Health
•
•
•
Task 6 Pair work. Start a conversation with your partner according to the situation.
You’re the representative from the cooperative enterprise, and are going to visit the
factory to know its operating situation.
Suggested expressions and sentences for doing the task:
Expressions
form
register
expand into
affiliate
operating mode
sole operating
licensing entity
Sentences
The following arrangement is to visit our factory.
It’s my job to take you to visit our factory.
When did it decide to expand their business into
Chinese market?
What’s the operating mode of your company?
It’s a massive market with great development
potential.
Unit 7 Biotechnology and Human Health
Let’s Read and Write
Reading
Passage 1
The Human Genome
Project
Passage 2
The Healthy Skeptic:
How Effective are Skin
Products with DNArepairing Enzymes?
Unit 7 Biotechnology and Human Health
Writing
Agenda
• Reading
• Passage 1
• The Human Genome Project
• Passage 2
• The Healthy Skeptic: How Effective are Skin
Products with DNA-repairing Enzymes?
Unit 7 Biotechnology and Human Health
Task 7 Read Passage 1 about Human Genome Project and then work in
pairs to speak out the common expressions given in brackets.
1. Biological maps will enable researchers to find their way through the labyrinth of
molecules that define the _______________ （身体特征）of a human being.
2. New maps developed through the Human Genome Project will enable
researchers to pinpoint specific genes on our _____________ （染色体）.
3. It will help explain the mysteries of embryonic development and give us
important insights into our ______________（进化历程）.
4. The development of __________________(基因拼接技术) over the past 20
years has given scientists remarkable opportunities to understand the molecular
basis of how a cell functions.
5. Using these techniques, scientists have mapped out the genetic molecules, or
genes, that control many life processes in common __________（微生物）.
6. __________（基因突变）probably play a role in many of today's most common
diseases.
Unit 7 Biotechnology and Human Health
Check up
1. Biological maps will enable researchers to find their way through the labyrinth of
physical traits
molecules that define the _____________（身体特征）of
a human being.
2. New maps developed through the Human Genome Project will enable
chromosomes （染色体）.
researchers to pinpoint specific genes on our _____________
3. It will help explain the mysteries of embryonic development and give us
evolutionary past
important insights into our ______________（进化历程）.
gene-splicing techniques (基因拼接技术) over the past 20
4. The development of __________________
years has given scientists remarkable opportunities to understand the molecular
basis of how a cell functions.
5. Using these techniques, scientists have mapped out the genetic molecules, or
microorganisms （微生物）.
genes, that control many life processes in common __________
mutations （基因突变）probably play a role in many of today's most
6. Gene
__________
common diseases.
Unit 7 Biotechnology and Human Health
Passage 1
The Human Genome Project
Unit 7 Biotechnology and Human Health
The Human Genome Project
Since the beginning of time, people have yearned to explore the
unknown, chart where they have been, and contemplate what they
have found. The maps we make of these treks enable the next
explorers to push ever farther the boundaries of our knowledge about the earth, the sea, the sky, and indeed, ourselves. On a new
quest to chart the innermost reaches of the human cell, scientists
have now set out on biology's most important mapping expedition:
the Human Genome Project. Its mission is to identify the full set of
genetic instructions contained inside our cells and to read the
Unit 7 Biotechnology and Human Health
complete text written in the language of the hereditary chemical DNA
(deoxyribonucleic acid). As part of this international project, biologists,
chemists, engineers, computer scientists, mathematicians, and other
scientists will work together to plot out several types of biological
maps that will enable researchers to find their way through the
labyrinth of molecules that define the physical traits of a human being.
New maps developed through the Human Genome Project will
enable researchers to pinpoint specific genes on our chromosomes.
The most detailed map will allow scientists to decipher the genetic
Unit 7 Biotechnology and Human Health
instructions encoded in the estimated 3 billion base pairs of nucleotide
bases that make up human DNA. Analysis of this information, likely to
continue throughout much of the 21st century, will revolutionize our
understanding of how genes control the functions of the human body.
This knowledge will provide new strategies to diagnose, treat, and
possibly prevent human diseases. It will help explain the mysteries of
embryonic development and give us important insights into our
evolutionary past.
Unit 7 Biotechnology and Human Health
The development of gene-splicing techniques over the past 20 years
has given scientists remarkable opportunities to understand the
molecular basis of how a cell functions, not only in disease, but in
everyday activities as well. Using these techniques, scientists have
mapped out the genetic molecules, or genes, that control many life
processes in common microorganisms. Continued improvement of
these biotechniques has allowed researchers to begin to develop
maps of human chromosomes, which contain many more times the
amount of genetic information than those of microorganisms. Though
still somewhat crude, these maps have led to the discovery of some
important genes.
Unit 7 Biotechnology and Human Health
By the mid-1980s, rapid advances in chromosome mapping and other
DNA techniques led many scientists to consider mapping all 46
chromosomes in the very large human genome. Detailed,
standardized maps of all human chromosomes and knowledge about
the nucleotide sequence of human DNA will enable scientists to find
and study the genes involved in human diseases much more
efficiently and rapidly than has ever been possible. This new effort the Human Genome Project - is expected to take 15 years to complete
and consists of two major components. The first - creating maps of
the 23 pairs of chromosomes - should be completed in the first 5 to 10
years. The second component - sequencing the DNA contained in all
Unit 7 Biotechnology and Human Health
the chromosomes - will probably require the full 15 years.
Although DNA sequencing technology has advanced rapidly over
the past few years, it is still too slow and costly to use for
sequencing even the amount of DNA contained in a single human
chromosome. So while some genome project scientists are
developing chromosome maps, others will be working to improve
the efficiency and lower the cost of sequencing technology.
Why do the Human Genome Project?
Most inherited diseases are rare, but taken together; the more than
3,000 disorders known to result from single altered genes rob
millions of healthy and productive lives. Today, little can be done
to treat, let alone cure, most of these diseases. But having a gene
in hand allows scientists to study its structure and characterize the
molecular alterations, or mutations, which results in disease.
Unit 7Progress
Biotechnology
and Human Health
in
understanding the causes of cancer, for example, has taken a leap
forward by the recent discovery of cancer genes. The goal of the
Human Genome Project is to provide scientists with powerful new tools
to help them clear the research hurdles that now keep them from
understanding the molecular essence of other tragic and devastating
illnesses, such as schizophrenia, alcoholism, Alzheimer’s disease, and
manic depression.
Gene mutations probably play a role in many of today's most
common diseases, such as heart disease, diabetes, immune system
disorders, and birth defects. These diseases are believed to result from
complex interactions between genes and environmental factors. When
genes for diseases have been identified, scientists can study how
specific environmental factors, such as food, drugs, or pollutants
interact with those genes.
Unit 7 Biotechnology and Human Health
Finally, Human Genome Project research will help solve one of the
greatest mysteries of life: How does one fertilized egg "know" to
give rise to so many different specialized cells, such as those
making up muscles, brain, heart, eyes, skin, blood, and so on? For a
human being or any organism to develop normally, a specific gene
or sets of genes must be switched on in the right place in the body
at exactly the right moment in development.
Unit 7 Biotechnology and Human Health
chart n. 图表 v. 绘制地图; 制订计划
Examples
Can you read the weather chart?
你能看懂气象图吗？
The pilot charted the plane's course.
飞行员制定了飞机的航线。
Unit 7 Biotechnology and Human Health
contemplate v. 深思, 细想, 仔细考虑; 注视
Examples
It terrified me to contemplate the consequence of
your action.
一想到你行动的后果,我就感到害怕。
He stood contemplating the painting.
他站着审视那幅图画。
Unit 7 Biotechnology and Human Health
set out 动身, 出发; 着手, 开始; 安排, 组织
Examples
She set out at dawn
她天一亮就动身了。
She set out to break the world land speed record.
她决心要打破陆上速度的世界纪录.
Unit 7 Biotechnology and Human Health
plot out 把…划成小块
Examples
The residential districts were all plotted out.
住宅区都一块块地标划出来了。
He plotted out the course the ship should follow
他在海图上标绘出了这艘船该走的航线。
Unit 7 Biotechnology and Human Health
pinpoint v. 准确地找出或描述; 明确指出，确定（位置或时间）
Examples
It's difficult to pinpoint the cause of the accident.
很难清楚地找到事故发生的原因。
We pinpointed the flaws in his argument.
我们突出他辩论中的错误。
Unit 7 Biotechnology and Human Health
decipher v. 破译(密码), 辨认(潦草字迹)
Examples
He could decipher military signals.
他能破译军事信号。
Can you decipher her scrawl?
你能辩认出她乱写的是什么吗?
Unit 7 Biotechnology and Human Health
component n. 成分, 组成部分, 部件, 元件
Examples
Those are the components of an engine.
那些是发动机的部件。
Surprise is an essential component of my plan.
我这项计划主要就是想使大家惊喜一下。
Unit 7 Biotechnology and Human Health
take a leap forward 有很大的進步
Examples
Cell phone technology has taken a big leap forward
lately.
如今手机技术进步飞速。
Unit 7 Biotechnology and Human Health
pollutant n. 污染物质(尤指工业废物)
Examples
Discharge pipe take pollutant away from the coastal
area into the sea
排泄管道将污染性物质由沿海岸区排入大海。
Unit 7 Biotechnology and Human Health
give rise to 引起, 导致
Examples
The man's furtive manner gave rise to the suspicion of
the theft among the policemen
那个男人鬼鬼祟祟的样子，引起警察怀疑盗窃案是他作的
案。
Mass unemployment may give rise to social upheaval.
大批失业会导致社会动乱。
Unit 7 Biotechnology and Human Health
switch on 打开, 开动, 启动
Examples
The video is programmed to switch on at ten o'clock.
电视机设定在10点钟自动打开。
Unit 7 Biotechnology and Human Health
The most detailed map will allow scientists to decipher
the genetic instructions encoded in the estimated 3 billion
base pairs of nucleotide bases that make up human
DNA. (Para. 2)
Explanation:
此句中instructions由两部分修饰，其一是由encoded 引
导的分词短语做定语修饰; 其后由that引导的同位语从句来
修饰。 此句的中文意思是: 最为精细的图谱能使科学家破
译构成人类DNA的据估计为30亿核苷基碱基对里的遗传指
令。
Unit 7 Biotechnology and Human Health
Today, little can be done to treat, let alone cure, most
of these diseases. (Para. 7)
Explanation:
句中let alone cure为插入语，句子主语是有否定意义的
little，谓语部分为被动语态，后接不定式短语做宾
语。此句的中文意思是: 目前，面对大多数这类疾病
我们无从治疗，更不用说治愈了。
Unit 7 Biotechnology and Human Health
Task 8 Read the passage again and supply the missing words or expressions
to complete the following statements in pairs.
1. The mission of the Human Genome Project is to identify the
genetic instructions
full set of ____________contained
inside our cells and to
read the complete text written in the language of the
hereditary chemical DNA .
_________
2. Scientists will decipher the genetic instructions encoded in
the estimated 3 billion base pairs of nucleotide bases that make
up human DNA with the help of the most detailed map to be
the Human Genome Project
developed through __________________.
3. By the mid-1980s , many scientists considered mapping all 46
chromosomes in the very large human genome based on
chromosome mapping and other DNA techniques
rapid advances in _______________________________.
Unit 7 Biotechnology and Human Health
4. The Human Genome Project consists of two major
of chromosomes
components: creating maps of the 23 pairs___________
and sequencing the DNA contained in all the chromosomes.
5. Some genome project scientists are developing
chromosome maps and others are going to improve the
efficiency and lower the cost of sequencing technology,
____
slow and costly to use .
which is still too______________
6. Due to the recent discovery of cancer genes , progress in
understanding the causes of cancer has taken a leap
forward.
Unit 7 Biotechnology and Human Health
7. The goal of the Human Genome Project is to provide
scientists with powerful new tools to help them
understand the molecular essence of other
tragic and devastating illnesses .
____________
8. The Human Genome Project research will also help
scientists solve the mystery of life: How does one
fertilized egg "know" to give rise to so many
different specialized cells .
__________
Unit 7 Biotechnology and Human Health
Task 9 Work in groups and discuss the following questions.
1. What have scientists started to do for charting the
innermost reaches of the human cell?
2. What’s the function of the new maps to be developed
through the Human Genome Project?
3. What achievement have scientists made on
biotechnology through the gene-splicing techniques?
4. Why have researchers begun to develop maps of
human chromosomes?
5. What causes the complex diseases, such as diabetes,
heart disease, immune system disorders, and birth
defects?
Unit 7 Biotechnology and Human Health
1. What have scientists started to do for charting the
innermost reaches of the human cell?
They have set out on biology's most important mapping
expedition: the Human Genome Project.
Unit 7 Biotechnology and Human Health
2. What’s the function of the new maps to be developed
through the Human Genome Project?
It will enable researchers to pinpoint specific genes on
our chromosomes, allow scientists to decipher the
genetic instructions and revolutionize our understanding
of how genes control the functions of the human body.
Unit 7 Biotechnology and Human Health
3. What achievement have scientists made on biotechnology
through the gene-splicing techniques?
They have mapped out the genetic molecules, or genes,
that control many life processes in common microorganisms.
Unit 7 Biotechnology and Human Health
4. Why have researchers begun to develop maps of human
chromosomes?
Because the chromosomes contain many more times the
amount of genetic information than those of microorganisms.
And it will enable scientists to find and study the genes
involved in human diseases.
Unit 7 Biotechnology and Human Health
5. What causes the complex diseases, such as diabetes,
heart disease, immune system disorders, and birth
defects?
Gene mutations and some complex environmental
factors.
Unit 7 Biotechnology and Human Health
Task 10 Read the sentences taken from Passage 1 and work in groups to
translate them into Chinese.
1.
The maps we make of these treks enable the next
explorers to push ever farther the boundaries of our
knowledge - about the earth, the sea, the sky, and
indeed, ourselves.
我们对艰难旅程绘制出的图表能使后来者将我们关于地
球、海洋、天空以及人类自身的认知范围拓展到更远。
Unit 7 Biotechnology and Human Health
2. The most detailed map will allow scientists to decipher
the genetic instructions encoded in the estimated 3
billion base pairs of nucleotide bases that make up
human DNA.
最精细的图谱能使科学家破译构成人类DNA的大约30亿核
苷基碱基对里的遗传指令。
Unit 7 Biotechnology and Human Health
3.Detailed, standardized maps of all human chromosomes
and knowledge about the nucleotide sequence of human
DNA will enable scientists to find and study the genes
involved in human diseases much more efficiently and
rapidly than has ever been possible.
人类所有染色体详细而标准的图谱连同有关DNA核苷酸序
列的知识，将能使科学家用比已往任何时候都有效和迅速
得多的方式找到并研究跟人类疾病有关的基因。
Unit 7 Biotechnology and Human Health
4. But having a gene in hand allows scientists to study its
structure and characterize the molecular alterations, or
mutations, that result in disease.
但如果掌握了这种基因，科学家就能研究它的结构以及分
析其分子变异或突变导致疾病的特征。
Unit 7 Biotechnology and Human Health
5. How does one fertilized egg "know" to give rise to so many
different specialized cells, such as those making up
muscles, brain, heart, eyes, skin, blood, and so on?
一颗受精卵是如何“懂得”分化成这么多专门的细胞，比如
那些构成肌肉、大脑、心脏、眼睛、皮肤、血液等的细胞？
Unit 7 Biotechnology and Human Health
Passage 2
The Healthy Skeptic: How Effective are
Skin Products with DNA-repairing
Enzymes?
Unit 7 Biotechnology and Human Health
Task 11 Work in pairs to complete the statements with the information
from Passage 2.
1. There’s a strong connection between sun exposure and
skin cancer due to the UV rays.
2. There is an pretty expensive sunscreen or skin cream
that contains DNA-repairing enzymes , which you can
broken DNA
try to fix your ____________when
natural repairs aren’t
enough?
3. The Neova website infers that "smart" sunscreens might
lighten age spots , reduce fine lines
__ and even out
skin tone within about four weeks.
4. The DNA EGF Renewal website says that the "smart"
sunscreens will offer a futuristic approachto skin renewal
and protection.
Unit 7 Biotechnology and Human Health
5. Moy, the founder of PhotoMedex introduces that
______________
DNA-repairing enzymes in lotions and creams really
can bring skin to life, repair sun damage and reduce
the risk of skin cancer .
_____________
6. Moy recommends the sunscreens for his patients
at heightened risk for skin cancer.
7. The body’s innate mechanisms for repairing DNA
enzymes
damage can be improved by adding extra
____________to
the skin.
8. Dr. Steven Q. Wang has some questions about the realNeova because Neova and similar
world benefits of _____
products haven't been thoroughly tested in clinical trials .
Unit 7 Biotechnology and Human Health
The Healthy Skeptic:
How Effective are Skin Products with DNA-repairing Enzymes?
The UV rays blasting down from the sun do more
than burn your skin. They attack you right down to your
DNA. That's why there's such a strong link between sun
exposure and skin cancer.
If you could somehow repair the sun-damaged DNA in
your skin, you could go a long way toward reducing
your risk of skin cancer. As a bonus, your skin would
look younger and healthier.
Every skin cell has a toolbox of enzymes that fix broken
DNA, but what can you do when natural repairs aren’t
enough? If you’re willing to reach into your wallet, you
might be tempted to try a relatively pricey sunscreen or
skin cream that contains DNA-repairing enzymes.
Unit 7 Biotechnology and Human Health
One option is a Neova DNA Damage Control
sunscreen from PhotoMedex. Along with antioxidants,
zinc oxide and other familiar ingredients, the
sunscreens contain an enzyme called UV-endonuclease
that’s harvested from an extract of ocean bacteria. This
extract, called micrococcus lysate, is enclosed in a tiny
package of fat (called a liposome) that supposedly helps
deliver the enzyme deep into the skin. A 3-ounce tube of
Neova Active (SPF 45) costs $46 on the company
website. A 2.5-ounce tube of Neova Everyday (SPF 43)
costs $39.
Unit 7 Biotechnology and Human Health
The claims
The Neova website says that "smart" sunscreens are
the “newest, most powerful” therapy for sun-damaged
skin. Barbara Hayes, vice president of marketing for
PhotoMedex, says that the sunscreens will lighten age
spots, reduce fine lines and even out skin tone within
about four weeks. “It’s really quite amazing when you see
someone who has used this product,” she says.
The DNA EGF Renewal website says that the products
offer a “futuristic approach to skin renewal and protection.”
Moy, the dermatologist who founded the company, says
that many studies have shown that DNA-repairing
enzymes in lotions and creams really can revitalize skin,
reverse sun damage and reduce the risk of
Unit 7 Biotechnology and Human Health
skin cancer. He recommends the products for his
patients at heightened risk for skin cancer, including
those with very fair skin.
The bottom line
The idea that anything in a lotion could actually
repair something as fragile and complicated as DNA
may sound far-fetched, but DNA-repairing enzymes
have a proven ability to heal and protect, says Dr.
Steven Q. Wang, director of dermatologic surgery and
dermatology at Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer
Center in Basking Ridge, N.J.
Unit 7 Biotechnology and Human Health
In simple terms, endonucleases work by cutting out the
damaged bits of DNA, which are then regenerated. Many
studies in the last decade have shown that adding extra
enzymes to the skin “enhances the body’s innate
mechanisms for repairing DNA damage,” Wang says.
For one example, a 2010 study in the Journal of Drugs in
Dermatology by Moy and colleagues at UCLA found that
using a cream with DNA repair enzymes for 48 weeks
significantly
reduced
actinic
keratoses
(scaly
precancerous growths) in 17 people with severely sundamaged skin. (The product used in the study is not
commercially available.)
Unit 7 Biotechnology and Human Health
But because Neova and similar products haven't
been thoroughly tested in clinical trials, Wang says he
has some questions about their real-world benefits. His
main concern is that the products may not deliver
enzymes deeply enough to have any noticeable effect
on fine lines and age spots. “If you have money and
want to try it, I say go for it,” he says. “But it may not
be worth it.”
Unit 7 Biotechnology and Human Health
blast n. 爆炸 v. 爆破；（用水）向…喷射； 批评
Examples
27 school children were injured in the blast.
27名学龄儿童在爆炸中受了伤。
The proposal is blasted as pathetic and inadequate.
这个建议被批评为毫无价值、依据不足。
Unit 7 Biotechnology and Human Health
be tempted to 受诱惑去做, 总想做
Examples
They are often tempted to finish a job before setting
out to keep an appointment.
他们总想着在出发赴约之前完成工作。
Unit 7 Biotechnology and Human Health
supposedly ad. 据认为,据推测;据称;一般相信,一般看来
Examples
Supposedly, she's a rich woman.
看上去她是一个有钱的女人。
This picture is supposedly worth more than a million
pounds.
这幅画大概值一百万英镑以上。
Unit 7 Biotechnology and Human Health
out v. 揭露; 驱逐，赶出; 使熄灭; 伸出
Examples
The truth will out.
真相终将大白
Out that man!
把那人赶出去!
He outed with the whole story.
他把整个事情全盘托出。
Unit 7 Biotechnology and Human Health
In simple terms 简言之
Examples
In simple terms, the accident involved a bus and a
truck.
那次车祸涉及到一辆公共汽车和一辆卡车。
Unit 7 Biotechnology and Human Health
regenerate v. 新生；再生 a. 再生的，复原的
Examples
After his holiday he felt regenerated.
他休假之後觉得又有了精神。
This is a regenerate society.
这是个观念更新的社会。
Unit 7 Biotechnology and Human Health
renewal n. 重建; 重生; 合同的续订
Examples
Any renewal of negotiations will be welcomed.
恢复谈判的任何做法都值得欢迎。
We've dealt with several renewals this week.
我们在本周内处理了几件续约的事。
Unit 7 Biotechnology and Human Health
revitalize v. 使恢复元气,使具有新的活力; 使更强壮；使恢复生
机（或健康）
Examples
The Chinese light industry was revitalized in the 1980's.
中国轻工业在20世纪80年代重新振兴起来。
The shakeup gave Clinton a chance to revitalize his
weary team.
此次内阁改组给克林顿以机会使其疲惫的内阁恢复活力。
Unit 7 Biotechnology and Human Health
Moy, the dermatologist who founded the company, says
that many studies have shown that DNA-repairing enzymes
in lotions and creams really can revitalize skin, reverse sun
damage and reduce the risk of skin cancer. (Para. 6)
Explanation:
句中由who引导的定语从句用来修士主句主语Moy； 其次由
that引导宾语从句做主句谓语动词says的宾语；宾语从句中套
嵌另一个由that引导的宾语从句做shown的宾语；而第二个从
句 则 由 名 词 短 语 做 主 语 ， 由 三 个 动 词 revitalize, reverse,
reduce并列做从句的谓语。此句的中文意思是: 创办该公司的
皮肤学家莫伊说很多研究都表明润肤露和乳霜里的DNA修复
酶确实能使皮肤获得新生、修复皮肤损害、降低患皮肤癌的
风险。
Unit 7 Biotechnology and Human Health
The idea that anything in a lotion could actually repair something as
fragile and complicated as DNA may sound far-fetched, but DNArepairing enzymes have a proven ability to heal and protect, says Dr.
Steven Q. Wang, director of dermatologic surgery and dermatology at
Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center in Basking Ridge, N.J. (Para. 7)
Explanation:
第一个分句中由that引导同位语从句修饰主语idea，谓语动词为sound；
第二个分句是由转折连词引导的简单句，两个分句加在一起作为动词says
的直接引语。 says Dr. Steven Q. Wang为倒装用法， 其后是名词短语加
介词短语用来修饰主语Dr. Steven Q. Wang。 此句翻译时可以根据意群，
按照汉语习惯重新划分句群。此句的中文意思是: 认为润肤露里的某种成分
真的能修复如DNA般脆弱而复杂的东西听起来似乎不太经得起推敲。但据
位于美国新泽西州Basking Ridge纪念斯隆-凯特琳肿瘤中心的皮肤外科及
皮肤医学主任史蒂夫·王博士说，DNA修复酶在愈合和保护方面有明显的作
用。
Unit 7 Biotechnology and Human Health
For one example, a 2010 study in the Journal of Drugs in Dermatology
by Moy and colleagues at UCLA found that using a cream with DNA
repair enzymes for 48 weeks significantly reduced actinic keratoses
(scaly precancerous growths) in 17 people with severely sun-damaged
skin. (Para. 8)
Explanation:
主句主语study为名词，主句谓语动词found后连接由that引导的宾
语从句；从句中由动名词短语做主语，从句谓语动词reduced。此句的中
文意思是: 比如，2010年莫伊和他在加利福尼亚大学洛杉机分校的同事
共同发表在Journal of Drugs in Dermatology上的一篇论文指出：在使用
了含DNA修复酶的一种乳霜48周后，17个皮肤被太阳严重损伤者光化性
角化病（鳞屑癌前增长）有了明显改善。
Unit 7 Biotechnology and Human Health
Task 12 Read the passage again and translate the expressions into Chinese
or English in pairs.
• 1. reduce the risk of skin cancer
reduce
the risk of unemployment
__________________
• 2. fix broken DNA
fix broken skin
___________________
• 3. natural repairs
artificial
repairs
___________________
Unit 7 Biotechnology and Human Health
降低患皮肤癌的几率
_______________
降低失业风险
修复受损DNA
________________
修复受损皮肤
自然修复
________________
人工修复
• 4. clinical trials
临床试验
___________________
clinical diagnosis
_________________
• 5. exposure to sun
临床诊断
日照
___________________
risk exposure
__________________
• 6. lighten age spots
lighten skin tone
__________________
Unit 7 Biotechnology and Human Health
面临危险
淡化老年斑
____________________
淡化肤色
Writing
Agenda
Unit 7 Biotechnology and Human Health
Task 13 Read the first sample agenda and work in pairs to answer the questions.
1.When will the delegates of NIO Beijing arrive in Australia?
At 14:00, April 13.
2. How long will the delegates stay at New World Biotechnology Inc in
Australia?
Three days, from April. 13 to April. 15.
3. What will the delegates do at the first business meeting?
They will introduce its operating situation.
4. Where will the delegates have their breakfast?
At Good Will Hotel.
5. What will the delegates do at the second business meeting?
They will introduce the operating strategies of NIO Beijing & its
cooperative plan with New World Biotech Inc.in Australia.
6. When will the delegates leave for Beijing?
At 14:00 pm, April.15.
Unit 7 Biotechnology and Human Health
Task 14 Write a meeting agenda according to the following information and check
up your writings with your partner.
会议：经理会议
时间：2012年5月10日星期一上午9点
地点：第一会议室
议程：1. 评估2011年春季销售进展
2. 讨论下列人员谋求助理会计职位的申请:
Mr.Grison, 31岁，现任贸易促进委员会助理会计
Mr.Ball, 27岁，现任N&B有限公司财务经理助理
Miss Simpson, 26岁，现任本公司的会计助理
Unit 7 Biotechnology and Human Health
Workplace Project
Task 15 Work in groups to do a survey of GM food
(genetically modified food) security and
then write a survey report, which should
include:
1. Definition of GM food
2. Benefits and potential hazards
3. Management of GM food in the market
Unit 7 Biotechnology and Human Health
Task 16 Work in groups to prepare a PPT presentation of
the report and then make the presentation in
class.
Unit 7 Biotechnology and Human Health
Career Salon
“People say it would be terrible if we made all
girls pretty. I think it would be great.” said James
D.Watson, the head of the National Center for
Human Genome Research at the NIH, who has
suggested that beauty could be genetically
engineered. He has also repeatedly supported
genetic screening and genetic engineering in
public lectures and interviews, arguing that
stupidity is a disease and the "really stupid"
bottom 10% of people should be cured.
Unit 7 Biotechnology and Human Health
Unit 7 Biotechnology and Human Health