Transcript Allah

International Political
and
Religious Leaders in ASL
Dr. Adan R. Penilla, II
NIC, NAD IV, CI/CT, SC:L, ASLTA
aslworldmatters.com
2014 CRID Conference
July19, 2014
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Anwar Sadat, (1918-1981), President
of Egypt.
King Farouk was deposed; Sadat was
part of the coup.
He was president after Gamal Abdel
Nasser.
Due to peace with Israel, the three
stars on the Syrian flag which
represents Syria, Egypt and Iraq now
only displays two stars---Syria and
Iraq.
Sadat was assassinated by a Jihad cell
in the military while he was watching
a military parade.
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Apartheid (1948-1994)
The term means “Apartness.” This
was a system that legalized racial
segregation. However, the concept
goes back to colonial times but
was legalized in the 1940s.
It institutionalized the concept of
minority rule.
The National party invented
Apartheid as a means of
controlling the S. African
economy and social system.
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There are many Ayatollahs.
However, this position is only in
the Shi'a religious school of Islam.
These leaders are knowledgeable
in Sharia. This body of law is
interpreted by an Ayatollah for the
guidance of everyday hardships
and struggles in the lives of
people.
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Ivan the Terrible, (1530-1584),
transformed Russia from a medieval
state to an Empire.
An empire is a kingdom that
comprises of several ethnicities and
languages.
He was the first Tsar to be crowned
Tsar of all the Russias.
He was known for a mental illness;
with his diminished mental state, he
was known for his rage and outbursts.
In spite of his cruel treatment of
people, he was popular among
Russians for his diplomacy.
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Benito Mussolini, (1883- 1945), is
nicknamed Il Duce (The Leader),
which means The Duke. Other people
have used the title.
He is the founder of fascism in Italy
and the dictator of Italy during
WWII.
He was part of the Axis Powers/Axis
Alliance: Italy, Japan, and Germany.
“Axis” is believed to mean that the
other nations would revolve around
these fascist nations.
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Siddhartha Gautama was a spiritual
leader in India. He founded
Buddhism. He is called the
Enlightened One or the Awakened
One ( this is what Buddha means).
There are three sects of Buddhism:
Theravada Buddhism (Southern
Buddhism).
Mahayana Buddhism (Eastern
Buddhism) – Zen Buddhism.
Tibetan Buddhism (Northern
Buddhism).
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Confucius, (551- 479 BC),
means Master Kong.
His philosophy was
communally based
His teaching had Biblical
principles as well. He did
emphasize virtue and
ethics; however, he also
spoke of social
relationships , familial
relationships and sincerity.
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The last Monarch of Russia. The
Dynasty of Romanov lasted 300
years.
The sign for Czar is very similar
to the Russian sign for God. He
believed in the Order by Divine
Right of Kings and, therefore,
what he said was as if God was
making the statement.
When the bodies of the Romanov
family were found, Mitochondrial
DNA was extracted from the Czar.
DNA was taken from Prince
Philip of England as he is a direct
descendant to the Romanovs.
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Che, (1928-1967), was from
Argentina; he was a revolutionary
but prior to this, he earned a
degree in medicine.
He helped Castro come to power
in Cuba. Although he was
supposed to be a medic in the
revolutionary army, he was
promoted to second in command
by Castro. Che had no military
experience but was quite the
fighter.
He then went to Bolivia to assist
in the guerilla movement there. He
was captured and executed.
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The Ganges is the most scared
Hindu river in India. It is used for
spiritual and ritual cleansing.
Many East Indians refer to the
river as Ganga Ma—Mother
Ganges.
The Ganges gives life as the water
is used for bathing, agriculture,
drinking, ceremonial cleansing
and industry.
It is believed to be the
reincarnation of the goddess
Ganga.
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Gypsies (an exonym) are mostly
located in central and Eastern Europe.
The Romany people are not to be
confused with Romanian—this nation
was named after Rome, not so the
Romany; to make a distinction, the
gypsies spell it Rromane.
There was speculation that gypsies
came from Egypt. This is not true as
language acts as a blue print to what
we have encountered and what has
influenced us. Their language has
neither Arabic nor Coptic dialects or
words.
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Hinduism is the chief religion in India.
It is the third largest religion in the
world, Christianity and Islam are
larger. However, Hinduism is
considered the oldest religion in the
world.
Hindu is the religion while Hindi is the
language.
The AUM/OM symbol represents
Brahman of the Vedas.
Brahman is incomprehensible and the
symbol helps us to realize the
unknowable.
Brahman helps to represent the aspects
of God that we can know and not know.
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Ho Chi Minh, (1890-1969), lived in
the United States in the early part of
the 20th century, New York and
Boston.
He was the leader of North Vietnam
from 1954-1969.
He attended Communist University in
Moscow.
Ho Chi Minh was not his real name.
He used many aliases. The name, Ho
Chi Minh was the name of a beggar
who had no relatives.
It was his position to liberate Vietnam
from the control of the Chinese, the
Japanese, the French and the United
States—he was successful.
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In the Shinto religion, the Emperor is
the highest authority. Therefore, he is
the head of the Church.
Since 1947, the Emperor is no longer
referred to as the “head of state” but
the “symbol of the state.” The
Emperor was required by the
American military to renounce his ties
to religion and any form of god-like
stature—he had no position of
divinity after WWII.
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Islam is a religion of revelation. It is
based on the teachings of one man.
The Mongols—descendants of
Genghis Khan, invaded the Middle
East; they killed many Arabs and
Persians. They “scorched the earth”
as the Mongols left few to survive
and even less to survive on.
However, by allowing religious
tolerance in his Empire, the
Mongols were converted to Islam.
Muslims traveled on the silk trade
routes in caravans. By doing this,
they spread Islam.
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Karl Marx, (1818-1883), was German
not Russian. He theorized Marxism to
mean the causes for change in society
is based on the needs of a society—
the workers/ proletariat.
The workers are responsible for
moving from a capitalist state to a
socialist one; from social reform,
communism will be the end road.
This is based on his Materialist
Dialectical Theory.
The dialectical change must begin
with the workers and economic
collectivism for the advancement of
the state. “Workers of the world
unite.” Therefore, the change begins
economically.
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Kim Il Sung, (1912-1994), was a
Stalinist dictator in North Korea—
he was appointed by Stalin to his
leadership in North Korea.
His nation is known as the “Hermit
Kingdom.” He is known as the
“Great Leader.”
His nation is the last satellite nation
of the Soviet Union. He died of a
heart attack.
Kim Jong Il (1941- 2011) –the son,
is known by the North Korean
people as “Dear Leader.” He and his
father’s heroic tales are broadcasted
and have managed to create a cultlike following in their country.
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b.1928 Hosni Mubarak was
Egyptian Vice President under
Sadat.
He was one of Egypt's longest
ruling presidents.
Under his leadership, Egypt sent
troops to fight against Saddam
Hussein with the Allied Coalition.
This brought in more Arab
countries to fight against Saddam
Hussein and also helped Kuwait
during Iraq’s invasion of the
nation.
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b. 1934. He was the Panamanian
dictator from 1983-1989.
He was an ally of the United States as
his nation holds a strategic
waterway—the Panama Canal.
His corruption as a military dictator
forced the United States to invade
Panama and detain him to stand trial
in the United States on eight charges
of money laundering , racketeering,
and drug trafficking.
In 2007 he completed his prison term
in the US and was flown to France to
serve seven more years in prison. He
was wanted in Panama as well.
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Mao Tse Tung, (1893-1976), was the
leader of the Chinese Communist
Party.
Known as Chairman Mao, he fought
against the Nationalist led by Chiang
Kai Shek.
He made many changes in China.
However, to make the changes, he
engaged in violent acts against
landlords to reform control of the
land. Such violent acts to overthrow
power is called Maoism.
The Cultural Revolution in 1966 was
created to keep the nation in a state of
constant revolution.
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Mohandas Gandhi, (1869-1940), was
also named Mahatma Gandhi.
However Mahatma is a title not a
name. This is Sanskrit for Great Soul;
it is equivalent to the title of saint.
His birthday is a national holiday and
an international day of recognition for
non violence.
He was instrumental in India's
independence from Britain. However,
a patrician came out of independence
when Hindus moved to India and
Muslims moved to Pakistan in
1949—this was a bloody transition.
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Nelson Mandela, (1918- 2013), was
the first person in his family to get a
formal education.
In 1952, he graduated with a law
degree from the University in London.
He opened a law firm in South Africa;
it was the first law firm to provide
legal services to black people.
Fighting against Apartheid, he spend
27 years in prison (1962-1990)
He was the first black president in
South Africa (1994-1999) through
democratic elections.
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Mohammad Reza Pahlavi, (19191980), was the last Shah of Iran. He
was also the second Shah of Iran.
He came to power after WWII when
the Soviets and British invaded Iran;
his father abdicated.
The purpose of the invasion was to
secure the oil fields for the Soviet
defense against the Axis powers.
Due to his modernization policies, he
lost the support of the Muslim clergy.
He was overthrown in the Iranian
Revolution in 1979.
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Shinto is indigenous to Japan.
The word Shinto, means the Way of
the Gods. The term has its origins
with Shin Tao, the way of Kami
(deities). There is a connection to
Taoism of China.
The religion is not set with any type
of orthodoxy. It is a based upon
reverence for nature and ancestors.
It is a common practice in Shinto to
explain how Japan came into
existence. Such mythology is a
common practice in the ancient
world.
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Vladimir Lenin, (1870-1924), used
Marxist Theory to explain the
condition of the Soviet agrarian
political and economic position.
Lenin reversed Marxism; he believed
that it’s through a political change not
economic change, that would lead to
a communist state by way of
socialism.
Marx and Lenin were both
revolutionaries; however, they
believed differently about how to
arrive at communism.
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Hugo Chavez, (1954-2013), was
the president of Venezuela and
had been since 1999; he was a
political leftist which had caused
an imbalance of power in South
America.
Chavez described his political
policy as anti-imperialist.
There is a Pink Tide in Central
and South America. The Pink
Tide is an euphemism for turning
to the left (ideologically). The
term is an exonym.
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Peter the Great, (16721725), is known for the
creating the “Window to the
West.”
He transformed St.
Petersburg into a flourishing
society by imitating the
grandeur for Europe.
He made it his goal to bring
Russia into the Age of
Enlightenment.
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Francois Duvalier, (1907 –1971),
was the president of Haiti from
1957-1971. Due to his reputation
for fighting diseases, he gained
the name Papa Doc. He won the
presidential election on a Black
Nationalist platform.
Jean-Claude Duvalier, Baby Doc
( July 3, 1951) was the president
of Haiti from 1971 until his
overthrow in 1986. He tortured
and killed many Haitians.