Transcript do not ignore

Ch 16-18 Test Review
I have added our slides from our class
presentations to Ch 17, but do not ignore
the other two chapters—the test is evenly
split between all three.
 Do NOT re-read your book. Review your
notes and the big picture ideas. Practice
some questions and be able to address
the information on the following slides.

Chapter 16
THE BIG PICTURE
 Exploration—characterize
early, middle & later
expeditions
 Iberian start; northern
finish
 Columbian Exchange
 Core vs. Dependent
nations
 The new “world
economy”
 Colonization (north vs.
south)
 Impact on the new world
order
KEY PEOPLE & TERMS
 Prince Henry
 Vasco da Gama
 Magellan
 Columbus
 Trading companies
 Core/dependent
 Mercantilism
 Seven Years War
Chapter 17

Big Picture = changes
– Governments strengthen
– Economy diversifies
– Science becomes the center of intellectual life
– Social ideas about family and life change
– Internal change means internal conflict
The Renaissance
THE BIG PICTURE
 Spurred on by greater
contacts/urbanization
(Italy)
 Humanism reshapes how
people see everything!
 Technology (printing
press) rapidly spreads
ideas
 The new European family
emerges
KEY PEOPLE & TERMS
 Machiavelli
 Humanism
 Italian vs. Northern
Renaissance
 Francis I
 Gutenberg
 European style family
The Reformation(s)
THE BIG PICTURE
 End of Christian Unity
(major political
implications)
 Serious challenge to the
Church, which undergoes
its own counter or
Catholic reformation
 Princes & peasants had
other reasons to support
the movement
KEY PEOPLE & TERMS
 Martin Luther
 Anglican
 Jean Calvin
 Protestant vs. Catholic
Reformation
 Jesuits
 Edict of Nantes
 Thirty years war
 Treaty of Westphalia
 English Civil War
The Commercial Revolution
THE BIG PICTURE
 The whole structure of
the economy is reshaped
 Influx of silver & gold
results in massive
inflation (impact?)
 Changes—trading
companies, specialized
agriculture, new
proletariat groups,
witchcraft hysteria,
popular protests.
 Who spurred more
change—the elites or the
masses?
KEY PEOPLE & TERMS
 Proletariat
 Inflation
 Mercantilism
The Scientific Revolution
THE BIG PICTURE
 Emphasis on reason
challenges the Church’s
authority
 New instruments &
methodology spread
quickly among the
educated
 Science becomes
CENTRAL to western
intellectual life (this does
not occur in other
civilizations)
KEY PEOPLE & TERMS
 Copernicus
 Galileo
 Kepler
 Newton
 Bacon
 Harvey
 Deism
The Rise of Monarchies
THE BIG PICTURE
 Feudal balance
disappears as centralized
authority arises
 Absolute (France) and
parliamentary (Great
Britain)
 Political theories abound!
KEY PEOPLE & TERMS
 Absolute & parliamentary
monarchies
 Louis XIV
 Glorious Revolution
The Enlightenment
THE BIG PICTURE
 Centers in France,
applying principles of the
scientific method to
political thought.
 Basic principles—people
are good, reason is key
and intolerance/blind
faith is wrong
 Some thinkers went
beyond politics and
highlighted economic and
social issues
KEY PEOPLE & TERMS
 Frederick the Great
 Mary Wollstonecraft
 Adam Smith
Chapter 18
THE BIG PICTURE
 Mongolian Impact
 The Tsars (& tsarinas)
 Selective
westernization
 The Russian economy
 Russia, Eastern and
Western Europe
 Russia compared to
the West
KEY PEOPLE & TERMS
 The Ivans (III & IV)
 The Greats (Peter &
Catherine)
 Time of Troubles
 Romanovs
 Pugachev Rebellion
 Old Believers
 Partition of Poland
Test your knowledge..
Here is a small sampling of questions—do
you know the answers?
 Run this PowerPoint as a presentation to
reveal the answers

The Portuguese Prince Henry the
Navigator
A) invented the astrolabe.
B) discovered Brazil.
C) rounded the Cape of Good Hope and
eventually sailed to India.
D) directed a series of expeditions along
the African coast and also outward to the
Azores.
E) explored with the purpose of spreading
Protestantism to new lands.
Vasco da Gama
A) invented the astrolabe.
B) discovered Brazil.
C) rounded the Cape of Good Hope and
eventually sailed to India.
D) directed a series of expeditions along the
African coast and also outward to the
Azores.
E) explored with the purpose of spreading
Protestantism to new lands.
Which of the following statements most accurately describes
the impact of European
conquest on the population of Native Americans?
A) The arrival of the Europeans increased the total population
of the Americas significantly
without diminishing the expansion of the Native American
population.
B) After initial decreases associated with losses in battle, the
population of Native
Americans recovered to pre-conquest levels.
C) The arrival of the Europeans caused a slight drop in
population growth among Native
Americans.
D) Native American populations increased due to the
introduction of European technology.
E) Native American population was devastated by the
introduction of previously unknown
Who did the Spanish
defeat at the battle of
Lepanto?
A) The British
B) The Ottoman
Empire
C) The Dutch
D) The Portuguese
E) The Aztecs
What was the core region of
the global trade network
during the early modern
period?
A) Northwestern Europe
B) The Iberian Peninsula
C) Eastern Europe
D) The Mediterranean
E) The Middle East
Which of the following areas did
NOT have a predominantly
coercive labor system?
A) Latin America
B) The southern Atlantic colonies
of North America
C) Northwestern Europe
D) Eastern Europe
E) Caribbean colonies
Which of the following statements concerning the Japanese
participation in the global trade
network is most accurate?
A) The Japanese did display some openness to Christian
missions and they were also
fascinated by Western advances in gunnery and shipping.
B) Japan, like China, showed no interest in any aspect of
Western trade.
C) The Japanese warmly accepted Western commercial
interests and became part of the
dependent zones of the global trade network.
D) After 1600, all Europeans were banned from Japan, but
Japanese traders continued to
travel and trade abroad.
E) After initial resistance, Japan opened up and embraced
trade and contact with the West.
What was the primary
export product of
eastern Europe to the
West?
A) Domestic animals
B) Grain
C) Woolen cloth
D) Iron
E) Workers
Why was the Portuguese colony of Angola
exceptional?
A) In Angola the Catholic church successfully
banned the slave trade.
B) The Portuguese pressed inland in Angola
instead of simply establishing coastal fortresses.
C) Angola was the only European colony
established south of the Congo River.
D) Angola was actually governed by indigenous
tribesmen with only loose supervision from
the mother country.
E) Angola quickly threw off control by the
Portuguese.
What impact did the Seven Years War have on
French colonial possessions?
A) The French were able to seize British
possessions in North America.
B) The French lost their colonies in India to the
British.
C) The French seized Dutch possessions in Africa.
D) The French exchanged their sugar islands in the
Caribbean for Spanish colonies in Latin
America.
E) The French retreated from their role as colonial
powers and tended to domestic issues.
Which of the following
was associated with
the Italian
Renaissance?
A) Shakespeare
B) Galileo
C) Vesalius
D) Pirandello
E) Niccolo Machiavelli
Which of the following accounts, in
part, for the decline of the Italian
Renaissance?
A) The successful invasion of Italy
circa 1500
B) The Protestant Reformation
C) The invasion of the peninsula by
France and Spain
D) The economic depression that
ended artistic patronage
E) The rejection of humanism
Who was responsible for the
invention of movable type in
the West?
A) Albrecht Durer
B) Nicolaus Copernicus
C) Erasmus
D) Johannes Gutenberg
E) John Harvey
Which of the following was
NOT associated with the
founding of a Protestant
church in the
16th century?
A) Jean Calvin
B) Henry VIII
C) Ignatius Loyola
D) Martin Luther
E) 95 Theses
Which of the following statements most accurately describes the
nature of popular support
for Luther's religious reform movement?
A) Luther failed to attract the support of the German princes
because he advocated the
overthrow of their authority in favor of unification under the Holy
Roman Empire.
B) German princes who turned Protestant could increase their
independence from the
emperor, seize church lands, and control the church in their
territories.
C) The poor supported Luther's movement in return for Luther's
promise of redistribution of
land and property.
D) German merchants refused to support Lutheranism, because
the reform movement was
less favorable to money making than Catholicism.
E) Support for Lutheranism was uniform across the Holy Roman
Commodities that many
European peasants and
artisans around 1600
ordinarily owned
Included
A) porcelain.
B) pewterware.
C) silver.
D) silk screens.
E) several feather beds.
Who was the author of
the scientific treatise
Principia
Mathematica?
A) Andreas Vesalius
B) Isaac Newton
C) John Harvey
D) Francis Bacon
E) Decartes
What monarch was
associated with the
establishment of enlightened
despotism in Prussia in
the middle of the 18th
century?
A) Joseph II
B) Catherine the Great
C) William III
D) Frederick the Great
E) Louis XIV
What Enlightenment social scientist
advocated that government avoid
regulation of the
economy in favor of individual initiative
and market forces?
A) John Keynes
B) Jacques Turgot
C) Adam Smith
D) David Hume
E) John Locke
What crop was introduced to
Europe in the 17th century and
substantially improved the
food
supply?
A) Cucumbers
B) Peas
C) Millet
D) Potatoes
E) Corn
Ivan III was responsible for the
A) abolition of serfdom in Russia.
B) military campaigns that freed much of
Russia from the Mongols.
C) policies of Westernization that required
changes in dress among the Russian elite.
D) conversion of Russia to Roman
Catholicism.
E) founding of the Romanov dynasty.
Ivan the Great’s claim that
Russia was the successor of
the Byzantine Empire implied
that
Russia was the
A) “next Byzantium.”
B) Golden Horde.
C) “pax Romana.”
D) Mandate of Heaven.
E) “Third Rome.”
What group did Ivan
the Terrible attack as a
means of furthering
tsarist autocracy?
A) The Old Believers
B) The Orthodox
priesthood
C) The growing
merchant class
D) The peasants
E) The boyars
4. Cossacks were
A) those who objected to reforms in the
Orthodox church.
B) members of the Russian nobility.
C) peasants recruited to migrate to newly
seized lands in the Russian Empire.
D) the designated heirs of the tsars.
E) a secret organization that opposed the
tsars’ autocracy.
5. The Time of Troubles followed the
death of which Russian tsar?
A) Ivan III
B) Peter the Great
C) Ivan IV
D) Alexis Romanov
E) Michael Romanov
Old Believers were
A) Russians who refused to accept tsarist
reforms of the Orthodox church.
B) Roman Catholics in western Russia.
C) opponents of the Romanov dynasty’s
claims to authority.
D) Russian heretics who believed in
Christian dualism’s divine forces of both
good and evil.
E) people who refused to accept any
contact, no matter how minimal, between
Russia and
western Europe.
Where was Peter the
Great’s program of
economic development
concentrated?
A) Cloth production
B) Mining and metallurgical
industries
C) Urbanization
D) Pottery production
E) Shipbuilding and
seafaring
Peter the Great’s
policy of cultural
Westernization was
directed primarily at
the
A) merchants.
B) peasants.
C) nobility.
D) Orthodox church.
E) government
officials.
The government of Catherine the Great
A) controlled all aspects of central and local
administration.
B) advocated the abolition of the peasantry and
removed some of the worst abuses of the
coercive labor system.
C) was so besieged by peasant rebellions that it
scarcely functioned by the end of the reign.
D) was strongly centralized, but yielded virtually
all local control to the nobility.
E) was never considered legitimate.
In 1649, Russian serfdom
A) was abolished.
B) was converted to legal slavery.
C) became hereditary.
D) began to modify to a free peasantry
under the influence of Westernization.
E) became a source of unrest that led to
its abolition within the next decade.