Transcript The War on Terror - Neshaminy School District

Welcome to Contemporary U.S. and World History
Pg
Assignment
Date
45
Conflicts of the M.E. (Notes)
4/10
46
Current Israeli-Palestinian
Situation
4/14
47
Persian Gulf War PPT Notes
4/21
48
Defining Terrorism
4/23
49
Origins of Terrorism Reading
4/23
50
Origins of Terrorism Questions
4/23
Date: 4/23/14
Activity: Map Quiz/
Terrorism
Warm Up:
None
-Homework:
-Terrorism Reading and
questions due Friday
4/25
- Presentations will begin
next Tuesday – will
be assigned tomorrow
Welcome to Contemporary U.S. and World History
Pg
Assignment
Date
49
Origins of Terrorism Reading
4/23
50
Origins of Terrorism Questions
4/23
51
52
Terrorism PPT
Assignment/Rubric
Terrorism PPT NOTES (to
develop your ppt)
4/24
4/24
Date: 4/24/14
Activity: Terrorism PPT
Assignment and work
time on laptops
Warm Up:
What is YOUR definition
of Terrorism?
-Homework:
-Terrorism Reading and
questions due
tomorrow 4/25
- Presentations will begin
next Tuesday
Welcome to Contemporary U.S. and World History
Pg
51
52
Assignment
Terrorism PPT
Assignment/Rubric
Terrorism PPT NOTES (to
develop your ppt)
Date
Date: 4/29/14
4/24
Activity: Terrorism
4/24
Warm Up:
What is YOUR definition
of Terrorism?
53
Terrorism Presentations
4/29
54
Arab Spring Reading
4/29
55
Arab Spring Questions
4/29
56
War on Terror PPT Notes
4/29
57
M.E./Terrorism Study Guide
4/29
-Homework:
- Presentations will begin
tomorrow
-Arab Spring due Friday
-Study Guide due Wed
5/7
Welcome to Contemporary U.S. and World History
Pg
51
52
Assignment
Terrorism PPT
Assignment/Rubric
Terrorism PPT NOTES (to
develop your ppt)
Date
Date: 4/30/14
4/24
Activity: Presentations
4/24
Warm Up:
What is YOUR definition
of Terrorism?
53
Terrorism Presentations
4/29
54
Arab Spring Reading
4/29
55
Arab Spring Questions
4/29
56
War on Terror PPT Notes
4/29
57
M.E./Terrorism Study Guide
4/29
-Homework:
- Presentations will begin
tomorrow
-Arab Spring due Friday
-Study Guide due Wed
5/7
Test Thursday 5/8
Welcome to Contemporary U.S. and World History
Pg
Assignment
Date
53
Terrorism Research
Assignment
4/25
54
Terrorism Research Notes
4/25
55
Arab Spring Reading Packet
4/29
56 Arab Spring Questions
4/29
57
Terrorism Presentations
5/1
58
Middle East Review p1
5/2
59 Middle East Review p2
60
War on Terror Ppt Notes
5/2
5/7
Date: 5/7/13
Activity: War On
Terror
Warm Up:
Who was responsible for 9/11?
-Homework:
-Review sheet due Wed
5/8
-Test Thursday 5/9 or
Friday 5/10
Welcome to Contemporary U.S. and World History
Pg
51
52
Assignment
Terrorism PPT
Assignment/Rubric
Terrorism PPT NOTES (to
develop your ppt)
Date
Date: 5/6/14
4/24
Activity: Presentations
4/24
Warm Up:
What is YOUR definition
of Terrorism?
53
Terrorism Presentations
4/29
54
Arab Spring Reading
4/29
55
Arab Spring Questions
4/29
56
War on Terror PPT Notes
4/29
57
M.E./Terrorism Study Guide
4/29
-Homework:
-Study Guide due Wed
5/7
Test Thursday 5/8
THE WAR ON TERROR
DO NOW!
WHAT IS TERRORISM?
WORK WITH A PARTNER
AND WRITE A DEFINITION
OF TERRORISM & MAKE A
LIST OF REASONS WHY
TERRORISM IS USED.
TERRORISM…
• DEFINITION:
– THE USE OF
VIOLENCE OR THE
THREAT OF
VIOLENCE TO
ACHIEVE A
POLITICAL GOAL
• TERRORISM IS NOT
A UNIQUELY MIDDLE
EASTERN OR
ISLAMIC
PHENOMENON.
• IT IS NOT A NEW
CREATION.
GOALS OF TERRORISM
• CHANGE OR OVERTHROW A
GOVERNMENT
• GAIN INDEPENDENCE
• SEEK JUSTICE FOR A WRONGED
GROUP
• OBTAIN CONCESSIONS FROM A
GOVERNMENT
• GET NATIONAL OR INTERNATIONAL
ATTENTION
TERRORISM AGAINST THE US BEFORE 9/11
• TERRORIST
ORGANIZATIONS CARRIED
OUT ATTACKS ON THE U.S.
AND ITS ALLIES
THROUGHOUT THE LATTER
PART OF THE 20TH
CENTURY
• THERE WERE OCCASIONAL
MILITARY RESPONSES BY
U.S.:
– 1986 – PRES. REAGAN
ORDERED AIR STRIKES
AGAINST LIBYA BECAUSE OF
ITS INVOLVEMENT IN A
BERLIN DISCO BOMBING
THAT KILLED 2 AMERICANS
BOMBING OF AMERICAN EMBASSIES
• 1998 EMBASSY BOMBINGS IN KENYA AND TANZANIA
PRESIDENT CLINTON LAUNCHED A BOMBING
CAMPAIGN IN SUDAN AND AFGHANISTAN
AGAINST TARGETS ASSOCIATED WITH AL-QAEDA
ATTACK ON U.S.S. COLE
• IN OCTOBER OF 2000 THE USS COLE WAS
ATTACKED WHILE DOCKED IN YEMEN
AND THEN . . . 9-11, 2001
Welcome to Contemporary U.S. and World History
Pg
51
52
Assignment
Terrorism PPT
Assignment/Rubric
Terrorism PPT NOTES (to
develop your ppt)
Date
4/24
4/24
53
Terrorism Presentations
4/29
54
Arab Spring Reading
4/29
55
Arab Spring Questions
4/29
56
War on Terror PPT Notes
4/29
57
M.E./Terrorism Study Guide
4/29
Date: 5/7/14
Activity: War on
Terror
Warm Up:
None
-Homework:
-Test Friday 5/9
**ALL LATE WORK DUE
BY FRIDAY
AFGHANISTAN
• MAY OF 1996:
– OSAMA BIN LADEN HAD BEEN LIVING IN
AFGHANISTAN ALONG WITH OTHER
MEMBERS OF AL-QAEDA:
• INTERNATIONAL ALLIANCE OF ISLAMIC
TERRORIST ORGANIZATIONS FOUNDED
IN 1988 & LED BY OSAMA BIN LADEN
– OPERATED TERRORIST TRAINING
CAMPS IN A LOOSE ALLIANCE WITH
THE TALIBAN:
• ISLAMIST NATIONALIST MOVEMENT
THAT RULED MOST OF AFGHANISTAN
FROM 1996 UNTIL 2001
• FOLLOWING THE 1998 U.S.
EMBASSY BOMBINGS IN AFRICA,
THE US MILITARY LAUNCHED
SUBMARINE-BASED CRUISE
MISSILES AT THESE CAMPS WITH
LIMITED EFFECT
THE UN SECURITY COUNCIL IN 1999 AND 2000 PLACED
SANCTIONS ON THE TALIBAN & ENCOURAGED THEM TO
TURN OVER BIN LADEN FOR TRIAL IN THE EMBASSY
BOMBINGS
AFGHANISTAN BEFORE THE TALIBAN
• SOVIET INVASION IN 1979
• MUJAHIDEEN (ISLAMIC WARRIORS)
FOUGHT AGAINST THE SOVIETS WITH
U.S. SUPPORT
• FOLLOWING SOVIET WITHDRAWAL:
– AMERICA LOST INTEREST IN AFGHANISTAN:
• DID NOT INFLUENCE NEW AFGHANI
GOVERNMENT
– BITTER CIVIL WAR
– TALIBAN EMERGES AS A RELIGIOUS AND
POLITICAL FORCE
– TOOK CONTROL OF AFGHANISTAN BY 2000
TALIBAN
TALIBAN RULE
• RESTRICTIONS ON
FREEDOM AND
VIOLATIONS OF HUMAN
RIGHTS
• WOMEN WERE BANNED
FROM JOBS, SCHOOLS
AND UNIVERSITIES AND
FORCED TO WEAR
BURKAS IN PUBLIC
• THIEVES WERE PUNISHED
BY AMPUTATING ONE OF
THEIR HANDS OR FEET
• ERADICATED THE
MAJORITY OF THE OPIUM
PRODUCTION BY 2001
THE TALIBAN AND 9/11
• THE BUSH ADMINISTRATION:
– OSAMA BIN LADEN PLANNED 9/11CARRIED OUT BY AL-QAEDA
– TALIBAN MUST GIVE UP BIN LADEN
AND OTHER AL-QAEDA OPERATIVES
OR FACE INVASION
• TALIBAN REFUSES TO
NEGOTIATE WITH BUSH,
BECAUSE HE’S A NON-MUSLIM
• SEPTEMBER 20TH, 2001:
– BUSH DECLARES “WAR ON
TERRORISM”
– LIKENS THIS NEW WAR TO THE
COLD WAR
“TODAY'S WAR ON TERROR IS LIKE THE
COLD WAR. IT IS AN IDEOLOGICAL
STRUGGLE WITH AN ENEMY THAT DESPISES
FREEDOM AND PURSUES TOTALITARIAN
AIMS....I VOWED THEN THAT I WOULD USE
ALL ASSETS OF OUR POWER OF SHOCK AND
AWE TO WIN THE WAR ON TERROR. AND SO I
SAID WE WERE GOING TO STAY ON THE
OFFENSE TWO WAYS: ONE, HUNT DOWN THE
ENEMY AND BRING THEM TO JUSTICE, AND
TAKE THREATS SERIOUSLY; AND TWO,
SPREAD FREEDOM."
OPERATION ENDURING
FREEDOM: 2001-PRESENT
• BRITISH AND AMERICAN AIRSTRIKES BEGAN ON
OCTOBER 7, 2001
• MILITIAMEN FROM PAKISTAN POURED INTO
AFGHANISTAN IN SUPPORT OF THE TALIBAN
• AMERICAN SPECIAL FORCES REINFORCED THE
NORTHERN ALLIANCE, A TRADITIONAL ENEMY
OF THE TALIBAN
• ON NOVEMBER 12TH, THE TALIBAN FLED KABUL
AND TOOK REFUGE IN THE MOUNTAIN CAVES
OF TORA BORA WITH AL-QAEDA FIGHTERS
• IT IS BELIEVED BIN LADEN WAS ABLE TO
ESCAPE TO PAKISTAN DURING THE BATTLE
FOR TORA BORA
TALIBAN PRISONERS
AFTER TORA BORA
• AFTER THE BATTLE FOR
TORA BORA, THE US AND
AFGHANI ALLIES SET UP AN
INTERIM GOVERNMENT LED
BY HAMID KARZAI
• THIS GOVERNMENT HAS
DEMONSTRATED HIGH
LEVELS OF CORRUPTION
• AL-QAEDA AND TALIBAN
FIGHTERS SOUGHT REFUGE
IN THE TRIBAL REGION OF
PAKISTAN
• GUERILLA ATTACKS IN
SOUTH AND EASTERN
AFGHANISTAN INCREASED
FROM ACROSS THE
PAKISTANI BORDER
AFGHANISTAN TODAY
• CURRENTLY, THE UN LISTS AFGHANISTAN
AS AT RISK FOR BECOMING A “FAILEDSTATE”:
– SUICIDE BOMBINGS, ATTACKS ON CIVILIANS,
AND THE CONTINUED PRESENCE OF AL-QAEDA
AND THE TALIBAN PREVENT THE NEW AFGHANI
DEMOCRACY FROM ACHIEVING LASTING
STABILITY
– OVER THE PAST TWO YEARS THE U.S. HAS
BEEN FORCED TO INCREASE ITS MILITARY
FORCES IN AFGHANISTAN DUE TO THE
RESURGANCE OF THE TALIBAN
BUSH &
KARZAI
WANTED: TALIBAN LEADER MULLAH
OMAR ($10 MILLION REWARD!)
WANTED! ($25 MILLION REWARD!)
• OSAMA BIN
LADEN HAS YET
TO BE FOUND:
– BELIEVED TO BE
HIDING ACROSS
THE BORDER IN
PAKISTAN
– HAS MADE
OCCASIONAL
BROADCASTS AND
WARNINGS
HARD MEN TO FIND
WHERE’S OSAMA?
DIFFICULT TERRAIN
THE END FOR BIN LADEN
• THE FORMER HEAD
OF AL-QAEDA WAS
KILLED IN PAKISTAN
ON MAY 2, 2011, BY
NAVY SEALS. THE
OPERATION, CODENAMED OPERATION
NEPTUNE SPEAR,
WAS ORDERED BY
UNITED STATES
PRESIDENT BARACK
OBAMA.
DEFENDING THE AMERICAN
HOME FRONT
• DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY
CREATED
• USA PATRIOT ACT:
– ALLOWS U.S. LAW ENFORCEMENT AGENCIES TO:
• FIGHT TERRORISM IN THE U.S. & OVERSEAS
• SEARCH TELEPHONE, E-MAIL, MEDICAL & FINANCIAL
RECORDS
• DETAIN AND DEPORT IMMIGRANTS SUSPECTED OF
TERRORISM
• REGULATE FINANCIAL TRANSACTIONS INVOLVING
FOREIGN INDIVIDUALS
– CRITICS SAY THE PATRIOT ACT VIOLATES
AMERICANS’ FIRST AND FOURTH AMENDMENT
RIGHTS
DETAINEES AT GUANTANAMO BAY, CUBA:
• DETENTION CAMP:
– 750 PRISONERS-MOST
HAVE NOT BEEN
CHARGED WITH ANY
CRIME (DUE PROCESS?)
– ALLEGATIONS OF
HUMILIATION, TORTURE
AND GENERAL
MISTREATMENT
– HAS BECOME A
POLITICALLY DIVISIVE
ISSUE
WATERBOARDING
• PRESIDENT OBAMA HAD ANNOUNCED
PLANS TO CLOSE THE DENTENTION
CENTER AT GUANTANAMO, BUT IT
REMAINS OPEN AND UNLIKELY TO
CLOSE ANYTIME SOON.
OTHER FRONTS OF THE WAR ON
TERROR
OPERATION IRAQI FREEDOM
• IRAQ:
– PRESIDENT BUSH SAID IT WAS
NECESSARY TO DISARM IRAQ IN
ORDER TO “PROSECUTE THE WAR
ON TERROR”:
• SUSPECTED IRAQ OF PRODUCING
WMDS:
– WEAPONS OF MASS DESTRUCTION
– NONE FOUND
• CLAIMED IRAQ SUPPORTED ALQAEDA & PALESTINIAN SUICIDE
BOMBERS
• IRAQI HUMAN RIGHTS ABUSES
• SPREAD DEMOCRACY TO IRAQ
– INSURGENCY FOLLOWING THE
INVASION IN 2003
– IRAQ BECAME A BREEDING-GROUND
FOR TERRORIST GROUPS
SADDAM HUSSEIN WAS OVERTHROWN
& EVENTUALLY EXECUTED
INSURGENCY IN SAUDI ARABIA
• SAUDI ARABIA:
– 2000 TO PRESENT
– RADICAL FIGHTERS
ALLIED WITH ALQAEDA
– ATTACKS ON SAUDI
MILITARY, FOREIGN
WORKERS AND
WESTERN TOURISTS
– RESENT AMERICAN
MILITARY PRESENCE
IN THE MUSLIM HOLY
LAND
PAKISTAN AND WAZIRISTAN
• PAKISTANIAFGHANI BORDER:
– TALIBAN AND ALQAEDA FIGHTERS
FOUND SUPPORT
WITH THE TRIBAL
WARLORDS IN
WAZIRISTAN
– CIA LED RAIDS IN
PAKISTAN LED TO
THE ARREST OR
KILLING OF
SEVERAL ALQAEDA LEADERS
BUSH WITH PRESIDENT
MUSHARRAF OF PAKISTAN
MUSHARRAF IS NO LONGER
PRESIDENT
NEW PRESIDENT ASIF ALI ZARDARI
SO WHAT’S NEXT?
• TWO CONCLUDING QUESTIONS:
• PRESIDENT BUSH STATED THAT THE WAR ON
TERRORISM “WILL NOT END UNTIL EVERY
TERRORIST GROUP OF GLOBAL REACH HAS
BEEN FOUND, STOPPED, AND DEFEATED”:
– WHAT LIMITATIONS SHOULD BE PLACED ON THE
WAR ON TERROR? CAN THE US FIGHT ALL
TERRORIST GROUPS?
• TERRORISM IS A TACTIC, NOT AN ARMY OR A
NATION. TERROR IS AN EMOTIONAL STATE:
– HOW DO WE REALISTICALLY FIGHT AN ABSTRACT
CONCEPT? WHEN WILL WE KNOW WE HAVE WON?
OPERATION ENDURING FREEDOM
HORN OF AFRICA
• HORN OF AFRICA:
– SOMALIA, DJIBOUTI,
KENYA, CHAD, NIGER,
MAURITANIA, MALI AND
ETHIOPIA
– ISLAMIC COURTS UNION
TAKES CONTROL OF
SOMALIA
– SUSPECTED OF
HARBORING AL-QAEDA
MEMBERS-INCLUDING THE
EMBASSY BOMBERS FROM
1998
– U.S. TROOPS DISRUPTED
THE ICU’S ATTEMPTS TO
ESTABLISH ISLAMIC LAW IN
SOMALIA
OPERATION ENDURING FREEDOM PHILIPPINES
• PHILIPPINES:
– US MILITARY HELPED
TRAIN THE FILIPINO
ARMED FORCES
– FIGHTING ISLAMIC
SEPARATISTS
– ALSO BUILT SCHOOLS
AND PROVIDED
MEDICAL SUPPLIES
– NOT ALL ARE HAPPY
TO HAVE A U.S. TROOP
PRESENCE IN THE
PHILIPPINES AGAIN
OPERATION ACTIVE ENDEAVOUR-EUROPE
• NATO OPERATION
FOLLOWING 9/11:
– FOCUSED ON THE
MEDITERRANEAN SEA
– DESIGNED TO
DISRUPT THE
MOVEMENT OF
WEAPONS OF MASS
DESTRUCTION
– GENERAL
ENHANCEMENT OF
SHIPPING SAFETY
SEPTEMBER 11, 2001
TIMELINE:
• 7:58 AM: U.A. FLIGHT 175
DEPARTS BOSTON FOR LA.
WITH 56 PASSENGERS & 9
CREW MEMBERS. IT IS
HIJACKED AFTER TAKE OFF &
DIVERTED TO N.Y.
• 7:59 AM: A.A. FLIGHT 11
DEPARTS BOSTON FOR L.A.,
WITH 81 PASSENGERS & 11
CREW. IT IS ALSO HIJACKED
& DIVERTED TO N.Y.