Transcript Pest PPT

Bring one or more plants that are suffering from disease
or insect problems into the classroom. Also bring in one
healthy plant. Ask the students to explain why
the infected plants could cause a problem. Ask them if
the infected plants should be put in the greenhouse with
the healthy plants. Ask them to explain their answer.
•I can explain insects
•I can explain insect mouth parts
•I can explain insect body parts
•Identify the major insect pests
found in the greenhouse.
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aerosols
aphids
aster yellows
biological control
botanical insecticides
Botrytis blight
caterpillars
chemical control
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cultural/physical control
damping–off
dip
drench
Erwinia
fumigants
fungus gnats
granular
horticultural oils
insect growth regulators
 insecticidal soaps
 leaf miners
 mealybugs
 microbial organisms
 mites
 metamorphosis
 parasitic organisms
 Phytophthora
 plant health
 powdery mildew
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 predatory organisms
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Pythium
Rhizoctonia
sanitation
scale
spray
Thielaviopsis
tobacco mosaic
Western flower thrips
whiteflies
The health of crops grown in a greenhouse is
challenged by a variety of pests and diseases.
 The ability to identify major greenhouse pests and
diseases is the first step in a pest management
program.
 Insect pests can severely damage or ruin a crop if their
populations are not managed.
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What is Entomology?
 It is the study of insects. Insects are always
around us. Scientists called
entomologist spend most of
their time studying these insects
 There are more than 750,000 species of insects
which have been identified
 There is about 2,000,000 species that have not
been identified
There are two different life cycles that an insect
can go through and they are:
 Incomplete Metamorphosis
 Complete Metamorphosis
 Metamorphosis- a complete change of form
structure or substance.
 eggs
 to Early nymph (no
wings)
 to late nymph (wings
developing)
 Goes to Adult
Three_Stages_of_Incomplete_Metamorphosis
__Egg__Nymph__Adult.asf -YouTube
 Egg
 Young larva
 Mature larva
 Pupa
 Adult
Mosquito life cycle YouTube
 There are three
parts to any
insect
 Head
 Thorax
 Abdomen
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The head is the anterior of the three body
regions of an adult insect. It bears the eyes
(usually a pair of compound eyes), the
antennae and the mouthparts.
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The thorax is the middle of the three body
regions of an adult insect. It is composed of 3
segments. It bears 3 pairs of legs (one on each
segment) and usually 2 pairs of wings. Some
insects have only 1 pair of wings.
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The abdomen is the posterior of the three
body regions of an adult insect. It is
composed of 11 segments. The abdomen
bears the external genitalia of the insect. In
female insects these consist of an ovipositor.
How are insects grouped?
 They are grouped by the way they feed on
plants. So they are grouped by their mouth
parts.
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There are six different mouth parts
 Sponging
 Rasping- sucking
 Siphoning
 Chewing-lapping
 Chewing
 Piercing- sucking
Chewing
grasshoppers,
crickets
 Pinches or bites off
 Chews and ingest
plant parts
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Piercing-Sucking
Aphids
Pierce epidermal
layer of plants
 Suck up the
exuding sap
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Siphoning
Butterflies, moths
Mouthparts dissolve
solid substances
such as sugar
with their saliva
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Chewing-Lapping
Ants, bees, wasps
Mouthparts suck up
the exposed liquids
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Sponging
Flies
Mouthparts have a
combination of
chewing and sucking
mouthparts
Rasping-Sucking
Beetles, weevils
Insects lacerate (tear)
the epidermis of plants
 Suck up the exuding
sap
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The following utensils are used as mouth parts:
pliers, syringe, straw, sponge. Pick the insect
they wish to be.
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* Pliers: caterpillars, grasshoppers, ants and
praying mantis
* Syringe: mosquito
* Straw: bees and butterflies
* Sponge: fly
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 Its time for Buganopoly
Select 5 students to be on your team.
Materials
1 game board
1 game piece bag
1 set of chance cards
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Aphids are pear-shaped, soft-bodied, usually
wingless insects.
They are often green or yellowish in color.
Aphids have the ability to reproduce very rapidly.
Astonishingly, they give birth to live young that
are pregnant!
Aphids use their mouthparts to pierce the plant
and suck out juices.
Aphids attack a wide variety of greenhouse
plants.
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Caterpillars are the larvae of various moth species.
 They damage greenhouse crops by eating the plants.
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Fungus gnats are long-legged, winged, gray-black
insects less than 1/8 inch long.
 The larvae of fungus gnats feed on root hairs and tunnel into
plant stems.
 They prefer a growing medium that is constantly moist.
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Leaf miners are small, stocky flies.
 The adult deposits eggs inside a leaf.
 The eggs hatch, and the larvae feed on the interior of the
leaf, making tunnels as they move along.
 Chrysanthemums are subject to leaf miner damage.
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Mealybugs are slow-moving, oval-shaped, whitish
insects.
 They have a waxy finish and produce small cottony masses.
 Mealybugs pierce plant leaves and suck the plant juices.
 As with aphids, they give birth to living nymphs.
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Mites have eight legs and are related to spiders.
 Mites pierce leaf tissues and suck juices.
 Symptoms of damage include a yellow speckled
appearance to the leaves, and, in severe cases, yellowing
of the leaves and defoliation.
 Two spotted spider mites and red spider mites are among
the most serious greenhouse pests.
 They appear as tiny specks on the plants and are often
found on the undersides of leaves and near the apical
meristems.
 A two-spotted mite has two dark spots on its back.
 Spider mites create a complex network of webbing as they
move about a plant.
 Cyclamen mites infest a broad range of plants and are not
visible to the naked eye.
 Bulb mites damage lily bulbs and the developing shoots.
 Commercial Pest Control in The Pepper Greenhouse (Spider
Mites), Part 1. -YouTube
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Many types of scale insects infest greenhouse plants.
 Typically, they have flat, oval, often brown bodies.
 They may or may not be covered with armored shells.
 Scale insects pierce plant leaves and stems and suck juices.
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Western flower thrips are small dark brown insects with two
pairs of fringed wings.
 They have rasping mouthparts that scrape plant tissue.
 The damage they cause to many kinds of plants often appears as whitish
discoloration.
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Whiteflies are small white insects.
 They generally camp out on the undersides of leaves, where
they pierce the tissues and suck juices.
 Their flat, scale-like larvae feed on the undersides of the
leaves.
 Whiteflies are major pests of poinsettias and fuchsias.
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Major pests of
poinsettias and
fuchsias.
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They appear as tiny
specks on the plants
and are often found on
the undersides of
leaves and near the
apical meristems.
This insect gives
birth to live
young that are
pregnant!