Transcript The Central Nervous System

The Central Nervous System
Chapter 12
Embryonic Development
Embryonic Development
Embryonic Development
Ventricles of the Brain
Cerebral Hemispheres
Cerebral Cortex
Cerebral cortex--Motor
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Primary motor cortex
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Premotor cortex
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Controls learned, repetitive movement
Plans movement
Broca’s area
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Coordinates & controls movement
Language, speech
Frontal eye field
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Voluntary eye movement
Cerebral Cortex--Sensory
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Primary somatosensory
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Somatosensory association
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Interprets sensation from body
Integrate sensory input
Visual (Primary, Association)
Auditory (Primary, Association)
Olfactory
Gustatory
Visceral
Vestibular
Cerebral Cortex: Motor and
Sensory Areas
Cerebral Cortex--Multimodal
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Anterior association area
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Posterior association
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Complex learning, recall, personality,
memory, abstract thinking
Pattern & facial recognition
Awareness of local space
Some language
Limbic association
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Emotional impact
“Danger”
Cerebral Cortex
White Matter of the Cerebrum
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Myelinated neurons
Transmit signals to, through,
and from the brain
White Matter of the Cerebrum
Basal Nuclei
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Important in movement: start, stop, intensity
Inhibit unnecessary movements
Parkinson’s disease
Diencephalon
Diencephalon
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Thalamus
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Coordinate almost all inputs into brain
Key role in sensation, motor activities, arousal,
learning, memory
Hypothalamus
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Autonomic control center
Emotional response
Body temperature
Food intake
Water balance & thirst
Sleep-wake cycle
Endocrine system
Ventral View of the Brain
Brain Stem
Cerebellum
Limbic System
Meninges
Cerebrospinal Fluid
Location and Circulation
of CSF
Spinal Cord Anatomy
Spinal Cord Anatomy
Spinal Cord Anatomy
Ascending and Descending Tracts
CNS Physiology
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Brain Wave Patterns
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Consciousness
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Sleep and Sleep-Awake Cycles
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Memory
Brain Wave Patterns
Consciousness
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Alertness
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Drowsiness or lethargy
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Stupor
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Coma
Sleep and Sleep-Awake Cycles
Memory
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Storage and retrieval of information
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Two distinct stages of memory
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Short-term memory (STM)
Long-term memory (LTM)
Factors affecting transfer from STM
to LTM
Memory Processing
Homeostatic Imbalances of the CNS
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Epileptic Seizure
Fainting (syncope)
Concussion
Coma
CVA
Paralysis
Cerebral palsy
Amnesia
Narcolepsy
Insomnia
Sleep apnea
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Meningitis
Encephalitis
Poliomyelitis
Hydrocephalus
Microencephaly
Anencephaly
Spina bifida
Alzheimer’s Disease
Parkinson’s Disease
Huntington’s Disease
Hydrocephalus
Spina Bifida