Transcript Cells: Structures and Functions

Cells: Structures and Functions
A Core Knowledge Unit
For Mrs. Trapp’s 1999-2000 Class
Rationale
To serve as a guide in teaching a Core
Knowledge Unit on Cells
 To serve as a reference in locating web
sites
 To help other teachers locate
information outside of their text relating
to cell structures and functions
 To reinforce concepts learned in CI
780S

Technology



IBM or Macintosh with CD-ROM drive
Internet capabilities
Software
• Inspiration or equivalent
• Microsoft Word or equivalent
• Power Point or equivalent
• Cell Search ($12.95)
• Science Court: Living Things ($59.95)
• Learning All About Cells and Biology
($95.00)
District Standards
Communicate meaning to others using
oral, written, mathematical and symbolic
language
 Identify the parts and interactions of
natural systems
 Know that all organisms are composed
of cells

Student Engagement
Show students how to use Power
Point to make simple presentations
 Create concept maps using Inspiration
 Use the internet to perform searches,
visit teacher-selected web sites, and
have “chats” with people from biology
fields
 Enrich and review concepts by using
several different software programs

Cell Structures
The Structure of
Cells
cell membrane
 nucleus
 cytoplasm
 organelles
 mitochondria
 vacuoles
 cell wall (only in plants)
 chloroplast (only in plants)

Cell Membrane
selectively allows substances in
and out of the cell
Nucleus
surrounded by nuclear membrane;
contains genetic material; divides
for reproduction
Cytoplasm
structure that contains the organelles
Organelles: small structures that
carry out the chemical activities of the cell
mitochondria:
organelle that
produces the
cell’s energy
vacuole: organelle
that stores food,
water, or waste
Cell Wall
The cell wall (found only in plants)
surrounds the cell, providing structure
and support for the cell.
Chloroplast
A chloroplast is the organelle that
performs the function of
photosynthesis within plant cells.
Endoplasmic Reticulum
The endplasmic reticulum transports
protiens from the nucleus.
Ribosomes
Ribosomes are attached to the
endoplasmic reticulum. They produce
the proteins needed by the cell.
When you are through with this
section, please do two of the following:
Go to internet to find more information
and view interactive models (see next
two screens for web sites)
 Prepare a Power Point presentation
reviewing structures and functions
 Make a clay model
 Review using Learning All About Cells
and Biology software

Web Links
Cell Structures and Functions: Information






www.cellsalive.com/
www.koning.ecsu.ctstateu.edu/cell/cell.html
www.biology.arizona.edu/cell_bio/cell_bio.html
www.brigadoon.com/~schaffer/biology/
animenu.html
www.onlink.net/~richbeau/anicell.htm
www.cbc.umn.edu/~mwd/cell_www/cell.html
Interactive Models

www.berksiu.k12.pa.us/webquest/StanSnyde
r/default.htm

www.kn.pacbell.com/wired/fil/pages/
huntanimalpjc.html

whyfiles.news.wisc.edu.index.html
STOP HERE
until after you learn
about bacteria
Bacteria, or blue-green
algae
Bacteria: cells without nuclei



In the kingdom, Monera
Found in three different shapes:
Coccus: round
Bacillus: rod shaped
Spirillium: spiral shaped
Can be found in colonies:
Diplococci: pairs
Streptococci: chains (causes strep throat)
Staphylococci: clusters (causes staph
infections)
The Shape of Bacteria
Bacteria also come in a variety of shapes and sizes. Bacteria are
round (cocci), rod-shaped, and spiral. Bacteria are found
everywhere. Even in the deep sea vents. They are important in
the making of antibiotics, breakdown of our compost piles, and
for making sauerkraut! They can also cause diseases.
Streptococcu
s Bacteria
Staphylococcus
Bacteria
When you are through with this
section, please do two of the following:
Visit web links, and explore interactive
models
 Make a model of a bacteria using
various craft materials
 Search the internet to find new
bacteria
 Review using Cell Search and
Science Court: Living Things software

Bacteria Web
Sites
www.purchon.co.uk/science/cells.html
 www.gondor/co.uk/biology/cells.html
 windows.engin.umich.edu
 www.dch.davis.ca.us/~carl/
cellhome.htm

STOP HERE
until you have learned about
Single-celled Organisms
Algae. Protozoans, and
Fungi: single-celled organisms
Diatomaceous Earth
Foot Fungus
Radiolarian
Colonial Chrysophate
Fungal Mycelium
Paramecium
Algae
The "green algae" is the most diverse group of algae, with more
than 7000 species growing in a variety of habitats. Like the plants,
the green algae contain two forms of chlorophyll, which they use
to capture light energy to fuel the manufacture of sugars, but
unlike plants they are primarily aquatic (lives in water). Because
they are aquatic and manufacture their own food, these organisms
are called "algae."
Protozoans
Protozoans are single-celled, free-living, animal-like
organisms ranging in size from 0.005 mm to 5 mm. All lifesustaining processes occur in one cell. Except for some in wet
soil, all protozoans occur in the aquatic environment.
Pathogenic protozoans comprise approximately 10,000 of the
35,000 species of protozoans known, and cause some of the
worst diseases.
Amoeba
Amoeba, any of a group of one-celled living things that move
by extending cytoplasm outward to form foot-like pseudopodia.
Amoebas, considered the most primitive animals, are classified in
the kingdom Prótista. All amoeboid organisms have thin cell
membranes and a granular, jellylike fluid called endoplasm. Some
species live on aquatic plants and some in moist ground. Others
are parasites on animals. The amoeba reproduces by splitting
intotwo equal parts. The amoeba parasite in human beings,
Entamoebahistolytica, causes amebiasis and dysentery.
When you are through with this
section, please do the following:
Visit the web sites listed on the next screen
Make a concept map on “Cells”
Create a short Power Point presentation
over what you have learned
Use the program, Learning All About Cells
and Biology
Amoeba, Algae, and
Protozoan Web Sites
www.vvm.com/~jevans
www.mobot.org/MBGnet
www.bgsu.edu/departments/biology/algae/
Algae_Images.html
www.accessexcellence.org