Transcript Unit 4.2 Sec.2

The War for Europe and
North Africa
Unit 4 Part 2
Section 2
The Allies’ Plans for Victory
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Lend Lease Act -March 11,
1941
North Atlantic Charter-14
August 1941
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1. Defeat of Germany was top priority.
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2. Only unconditional surrender of
Axis powers would be accepted.
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3. Must preserve life, liberty, religious
freedom, and human rights.
The Big Three:
1. Churchill
2. Roosevelt
3. Stalin
The Battle of the Atlantic
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After Pearl Harbor, Hitler ordered raids
against US East coast.
 German Wolf Pack destroyed 681
ships in 7 months.
Allies used convoys like in WWI.
 Allies could find and destroy
German U-boats faster than they
could build them.
 By mid-1943, the Battle of the
Atlantic had turned in the Allies’
favor.
The Bismarck
The Bismark Song
The Eastern Front and the
Mediterranean
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The Battle of Stalingrad, 1942
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Germans lost 239,000 soldiers
Soviets lost 1,250,000 soldiers and civilians in
defending Stalingrad
Enemy at the Gate
Operation Torch
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The North African Front,
November 1942
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Intended to divert Axis
troops away from Soviet
Union.
American general Dwight D.
Eisenhower vs. General
Erwin Rommel.
General Rommel
surrendered in May, 1943.
The Generals
General Eisenhower vs. General Rommel
The Eastern Front and the
Mediterranean, cont.
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The Italian Campaign,
summer 1943
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Churchill’s idea – to attack “the
soft underbelly of the Axis”
Captured Sicily
18 months of miserable fighting.
Bloody Anzio
Mussolini captured, shot, and
hung in Milan squareEnd of
Mussolini
The Allies Liberate Europe
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D-Day (Allied Commander
Dwight Eisenhower)
 Normandy France,
June 6, 1944
 Prior to the invasion,
Allies bombed
France’s supply routes
 By September, 1944,
The Allies freed
France, Belgium,
Luxembourg, and the
Netherlands
Tribute in sand.
Battle of the Bulge
December 16,1944
Month-long battle
Germans caught
Allies off guard, but
in end, little
changed
German military is
permanently
weakened.
Liberation of Death Camps
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July 1944, Soviet troops come
upon Nazi death camps.
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“We started smelling a terrible odor and suddenly
we were at the concentration camp at Landsberg.
Forced the gate and faced hundreds of starving
prisoners…We saw emaciated men whose thighs
were smaller than wrists, many had bones sticking
out through their skin…Also we saw hundreds of
burned and naked bodies…That evening I wrote to
my wife that for the first time I truly realized the evil
of Hitler and why this war HAD to be waged.”
Robert T. Johnson
Majdanek
concentration
camp
Unconditional Surrender
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April 25,1945, Soviets stormed
Berlin.
April 29, 1945, Hitler shot himself
and wife swallowed poison to
avoid surrender…still maintained
Jews blame for war.
One week after Hitler’s suicide,
General Eisenhower accepts
unconditional surrender of the
Third Reich.
May 8, 1945, V-E Day – Victory in
Europe