Transcript Do Now: Answer these 2 questions in your notebook.

Do Now: Answer these 2
questions in your
notebook.
1.
What is mimicry? Give an example of an animal that uses mimicry.
2.
Why does it take many years for animals to adapt to their
environments (or evolve)?
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=olW
9D7TQf3g

What did Darwin discover about the finches in the
Galapagos Islands?

Why did the color of moths that survived change
over the years?

What are some ways that scientists can decide
that species are related (once shared a common
ancestor?)
Genetic evidence: animals’ genes show
similarities among the traits that are passed
down from one generation to the next.

Darwin developed his theory of evolution by looking at
scientific evidence available in the mid-1800s. Since then, the
whole field of genetics has developed, adding a powerful
independent line of evidence in support of evolution. Genes
show how the physical traits of living things are handed down
and modified from one generation to the next. By comparing
the DNA of many organisms, scientists can map the relationships
between species. This map is in remarkable agreement with
Darwin’s predictions. The structure of chromosomes and
particular genetic sequences point to the conclusion not just of
common design, but common descent as well.
Structural Evidence: animals have
similarities in their skeletal make-up

If a bat, a human, an alligator, and a penguin all evolved from a
common ancestor, then they should share common anatomical
traits. In fact, they do. Compare the forelimbs of the human, the
bat, the penguin, and the alligator. Find the humerus, radius, ulna,
and carpals in each forelimb. Though the limbs look strikingly
different on the outside and though they vary in function, they are
very similar in skeletal structure. More significantly, they are
derived from the same structures in the embryo. Structures that
are embryologically similar, but have different functions, are called
homologous structures. Though these animals look different, a
comparison of homologous structures indicates that they are quite
similar. This suggests that these animals evolved from a common
ancestor.
Embryological Evidence: animals have
similarities in their initial stages of growth
before birth.

The study of one type of evidence of evolution is called embryology,
the study of embryos. An embryo is an unborn (or unhatched) animal
or human young in its earliest phases. Embryos of many different
kinds of animals: mammals, birds, reptiles, fish, etc. look very
similar and it is often difficult to tell them apart. Many traits of one
type of animal appear in the embryo of another type of animal. For
example, fish embryos and human embryos both have gill slits. In fish
they develop into gills, but in humans they disappear before birth.

This shows that the animals are similar and that they develop
similarly, implying that they are related, have common ancestors and
that they started out the same, gradually evolving different traits,
but that the basic plan for a creature's beginning remains the same.
Use the code for your class to log on to
the Gizmo

Day 2 Period 5/6: M2KWCQR5T7
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Day 2 Period 7/8: ZE6GWGZZLL
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Period 3: U9VGHPG3VP
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Day 1 Period 1/2: PLWBQQEJCA
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Day 1 Period 5/6: ECNE4PCKKF
Register for Gizmo
 Enter your first and last name…not your email address!
 Make your username: firstname.lastname
 Make your password: west
After the Gizmo activity:

How did this activity help explain what natural selection is
all about?

How could natural selection lead to evolution?
To understand evolution, we have to be
able to look back to the start of life on
Earth!
 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tkxWm
h-tFGs
 Why
do you think it took so long for multicelled, or more complex organisms, to
evolve on Earth? (Discuss in your group).
Read pages 138 & 139 independently and
answer the following in your notebooks:

What do some of the divisions of the geologic
time scale represent?
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How did these divisions (or what happened at
these periods of time) affect the evolution of
organisms on Earth?

What is the difference between absolute and
relative dating?
In order to divide the geologic time
scale into different periods of
time, scientists had to look at
which organisms survived the
natural selection process.
Survival of the Chocolates!
 Our
environment: A giant blue bowl at a 5 year
old’s birthday party!
 Our subject: chocolate candies
 Ask yourself this question: What is the best
“trait” for a piece of candy to have in order to
survive being eaten at the birthday party.
 Talk
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about it with your group
In your packet, put an X on numbers 4, 5, and 1 on
page 79.
As a group, you will design an experiment that tests
which adaptations that the different pieces of
chocolate have are more fit for survival.
 You are to choose one characteristic to test, here are
some examples:

 Having
a shell, size of the candy, color of the shell, inside
of the candy.

Work together with your team members to make sure
you all fill in #2 on your data sheets: forming a
hypothesis.
 As we are testing the _____________ of the candy,
the candy that will have the best chance of
surviving is the ______________ when we test it
with water, pressure, and heat.
Decide on your hypothesis and make a prediction!

My example:

hypothesis – The candy’s color is a favorable adaptation.
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prediction – The green candy will survive better than any other color when I apply
pressure with my pencil.
Here is what your table should look like –
record it on the back page of your packet.
Your Adaptation
Hit it __ times with a
Pencil
Dropped ___ drops of
water on it
Heated it with our
hands for ___ seconds
What needs to be handed in:
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the data worksheet (every question but the ones that
you have crossed out).
your group’s procedure (steps that you took to
complete your experiment).
an abstract