Transcript Lichens - GVI.cz

LICHENS
Výukový materiál OR 03 - 64
Tvůrce: Mgr. Alena Výborná
Tvůrce anglické verze: ThMgr. Ing. Jiří Foller
Projekt: S anglickým jazykem do dalších předmětů
Registrační číslo: CZ.1.07/1.1.36/03.0005
Tento projekt je spolufinancován ESF a SR ČR
LICHENS
• complex composite organisms
• formed by
▫ heterotropgic fungus– delivers water
▫ autotrophic alga (cyanophytes) – it delivers
assimilates
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symbiosis
• algae (cyanophytes) from lichens can live
independently
• fungi not (lichenisation of fungi – the most are
ascomycetes)
LICHENS
• according to the appearance 3 basic types
of lichen insole are distinguished:
• a) corticate:
• it attaches tightly to the foundation (hardly
to separate)
• map lichen (on the rock surface)
LICHENS
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b) foliaceous (leaf-like):
overspread in a surface
loose edges are irregularly lobulated
tube lichen (on branches)
LICHENS
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c) fruticose (bush-like):
insole is furcate
only in one place attached to the ground
easy to remove
reindeer lichen (poor soil of pine forests)
LICHENS
• lichens are persistens organisms
• widespread in the nature, especially on
extreme habitats
• the age of some arctic lichens is estimated
– several thousand years
LICHENS
• they occur on various ground:
▫ on rocks, on the tree bark, on the ground, on
walls....
• together with cyanophytes are held for life
pioneers
• very sensitive to the air pollution
Revision:
• 1) What are lichens composed of?
▫ algae (cyanophytes) + fungus
• 2) How is called the relationship between particular
organisms?
▫ Symbiosis
• 3) When can lichens be found?
▫ On rocks, on the tree bark, on the ground, on
walls....
• 4) What kind of insole does reindeer lichen have?
▫ Fruticose insole
• 5) What kind of insole does map lichen have?
▫ Foliaceous insole
Sources:
• DOBRORUKA, Luděk J. Přírodopis pro 7. ročník
základní školy. 1. vyd. Praha: Scientia, 1998, 152 s.
ISBN 80-718-3134-4
• Obrázky: http://commons.wikimedia.org (osvobozeno od
autorských práv)