Transcript Cell Structure

Anatomy of a Cell
Chapter 3
Anatomy & Physiology
Cell Membrane
Phospholipid bilayer
 Hydrophilic heads
 Hydrophobic tails
 Water & water
soluble molecules do
not pass thru easily
 Membranes
strengthened by
cholesterol

Membrane Proteins
 Some
allow water soluble molecules
to pass thru the membrane
 Glycoproteins: act as identification
markers
 Some act as receptors
Endoplasmic Reticulum
 Rough
& Smooth
 Rough-ribosomes
on the surface
 RER: protein
synthesis &
intracellular
transportation
 SER: lipid &
carbohydrate
synthesis
Ribosomes
 Many
lie free throughout the
cytoplasm
 Some attached to rough ER
 Function: protein synthesis
Golgi Apparatus
 Process
&
package
protein
molecules for
transport
Lysosomes
 Vesicles
pinched
off of Golgi
 Contain
enzymes
 Can kill bacteria
that find their
way into a cell
Peroxisomes
 Detoxify
harmful substances
that may enter cells
Mitochondria
 “power
plant” of
cells
 Contain
enzymes which
are vital in the
making of ATP
Nucleus
 Contains
DNA
molecules
 Nucleolus
: contains
RNA
Cell Fibers
 Internal
supporting
framework
 Microfilaments
 Intermediate
filament
 Microtubule
Centrosome
 Coordinates
building &
breaking of
microtubules
 Centrioles:
positioned at
right angles to
each other
Cell Extensions
 Microvilli
 Cilia
 Flagella
Microvilli
 Involved
in
absorption
 Found on
intestinal cells
Cilia & Flagella
 Allows
for
movement
 Cilia: shorter &
more numerous,
ex: respiratory
tract
 Flagella:
ex:sperm
Cell Connections

Tight junctions: joined
by collars of tightly
fused membranes


Desmosomes: small
spot welds, like Velcro


Ex: intestinal lining
Ex: skin cells
Gap junctions:
membrane channels
adhere

Ex: heart muscle
Image Citations
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Slide 2: Schematic diagram of lipid bilayer, 7/11/06,
http://www.sp.uconn.edu/~terry/images/cell/bilayer.gif
Slide 4: Endoplasmic Reticulum and Nuclear Envelope, 7/11/06,
http://micro.magnet.fsu.edu/cells/endoplasmicreticulum/endoplasmic
reticulum.html
Slide 6: Golgi apparatus, 7/11/06,
http://employees.csbsju.edu/hjakubowski/classes/ch331/cho/ergolgi.
jpeg
Slide 7: Lysosomes, 7/11/06,
http://www.emc.maricopa.edu/faculty/farabee/BIOBK/BioBookCELL
2.html
Slide 9: Mitochondria Structural Features, 7/11/06,
http://micro.magnet.fsu.edu/cells/mitochondria/mitochondria.html
Slide 10: The cell nucleus, 7/11/06,
http://micro.magnet.fsu.edu/cells/nucleus/nucleus.html
Image Citations
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Slide 11: The cytoskeleton of cells, 7/11/06,
http://sun.menloschool.org/~birchler/cells/animals/cytoskeleton/
Slide 12: Centrosome, 7/11/06,
http://www.eccentrix.com/members/chempics/Slike/cell/centrosome.j
pg
Slide 14: Microvilli, 7/11/06,
http://faculty.southwest.tn.edu/rburkett/A&P2%20Digestive%20Syste
m%20Lab.htm
Slide 15: Primary Ciliary Dyskinesis, 7/11/06,
http://pediatrics.med.unc.edu/div/infectdi/pcd/
Slide 15: Sperm, 7/11/06,
http://www.corante.com/loom/archives/2005/05/
Slide 16: Graphic of junctions in animal cells, 7/11/06,
http://www.biology.arizona.edu/cell_bio/problem_sets/membranes/1
3t.html