Transcript Sem 1 Final
Semester 1 Final Review Have your periodic table and scientific calculator ready! Temperature • What is the lowest temperature known? Give your answer in both Kelvin and Celcius. • 0 Kelvin • 273 oC Temperature • What is the special name given to the lowest temperature from the previous slide? • Absolute Zero Temperature • Which temperature is colder 172 K or -75oC? • 172 Kelvin Subatomic particles • Give the number of protons, neutrons, and electrons in the atom 32 symbolized by 15 P • protons – 15 • electrons – 15 • neutrons – 17 Atomic number • What does the atomic number of an element tell us about the nucleus? • Number of protons Mass Number • What does the mass number tell us about an atom? • The number of protons PLUS the number of neutrons in the nucleus Subatomic particles • Which subatomic particles is the most responsible for the chemical properties of the element? • Electrons Isotopes • In two isotopes of the same element, which of the following would be the same and which would be different? – Atomic number – Number of protons – Number of neutrons – Number of electrons – Element symbol – Atomic mass Same Same Different Same Same Different Isotopes • What is the given information for the isotope of Carbon-14 – – – – – – Atomic number Number of protons Number of neutrons Number of electrons Element symbol Atomic mass • • • • • • 6 6 8 6 C 14 Valence electrons • Where do we find the number of valence electrons for an element? • Its group number • Where in the atom are valence electrons found? • Highest occupied energy level Periodic Table • What is the name of the yellow region? Metals Many groups have special names…what are they? Alkali Metals Many groups have special names…what are they? Alkaline Earth Metals Many groups have special names…what are they? Halogens Many groups have special names…what are they? Noble Gases Many groups have special names…what are they? Transition Metals Periodic Table • What is the name of the green region? Periodic Table • What is the name of the pink region? Ions • How are ions formed? • Gaining or losing electrons Cations • Cations are produced when a neutral atom…. • loses electrons; • thus causing cations to have a positive ______________ charge? Cations • Where are cations found on the periodic table? • Metals: Group 1A,2A,3A, & transition metals. Anions • Anions are produced when a neutral atom…. • gains electrons; • thus causing anions to have a negative ______________ charge? Anions • Where are anions found on the periodic table? • Nonmetals: Group 5A,6A,& 7A Units of measure What is the SI unit of measure for: • • • • • Volume Mass Length Temperature # of particles in a substance • • • • • Liter Kilogram Meter Kelvin Mole The Mole • What is a mole? How much does it represent? • A unit of measure defined by the number of carbon atoms in exactly 12.01 grams of carbon. • 6.02 x 1023 particles/atoms/molecules Atoms • If you have 2.13 x 1024 atoms of Au, how many moles of Au do you have? • 3.54 mol Au Atoms • How many atoms are there in 1.28 mol of calcium? • 7.71 x 1023 atoms Ca Balance the following: 2 • 2_AgNO3 + _Cu _Cu(NO3)2 + _Ag 2 2 2O _H2 + _NaOH • 2_Na + _H 2C3H8 + 7O2 6CO + 8H2O • Calculate the number of moles of CO produced when 1.2 mol of H2O is produced in the incomplete combustion reaction above. • 0.9 mol CO • How many grams of CO are produced? 25 g CO C3H8 + 5O2 3CO2 + 4H2O • How many liters of O2 are needed to react with C3H8 to produce 2.0 liters of H2O? • 2.5 liters O2 C3H8 + 5O2 3CO2 + 4H2O • How many grams of propane are needed to react with an excess of O2 to produce 20 g CO2 20g CO2 mol C3H8 44.11g C3H8 mol CO2 44.01g CO2 3 mol CO2 mol C3H8 • 6.7g C3H8 Be sure to… • Look over your notes from the last couple days of class. • Remember to read the questions completely AND use units when solving the “math” questions. • Be confident and relax. You know most of this and YOU CAN DO IT!