Transcript Some Insights from the OECD

Financing the SDGs: Some Insights from
the OECD
The OECD Development Assistance Committee
Statistics & Rio Markers
Jan Corfee-Morlot, DAC Secretariat
PEP Meeting, Edinburgh, 27-29 May 2015
Key messages
• Aid – Investment – Tax : all essential for financing sustainable
development
– 3 different entry points for action, domestic and
international finance, public and private will be needed
– Quality of finance, its impact as important as the quantity
• Partnerships – new coalitions of the willing and new forms of
partnerships and ways of working – will be needed
• Break down the silos
– Climate action and development is sustainable action;
climate finance and development finance is sustainable
development action
Patterns of Development Finance and
Environment
What do the data tell us?
Environmental ODA often targets multiple
global and local objectives, 2011-13
Three-year annual average, bilateral commitments, USD billion, constant 2013 prices
Biodiversity
5.6 bn
Environment
26.2 bn
Desertification
2.7 bn
Mitigation
14.2 bn
Adaptation
9.6 bn
• The causes an solutions to biodiversity, climate change, desertification and other
environmental concerns are intertwined.
• In 2011-13, 64% of bilateral green development finance targeted at least two
environmental objectives simultaneously.
Source: OECD DAC Statistics, March 2015
Bilateral development finance for the
environment is on the rise
ODA to the environment, 2005-2013
Three-year annual averages, bilateral commitments, USD billion, constant 2013 prices
Biodiversity-related ODA
Climate-related ODA
Total environmental ODA
21%
Share of total ODA commitments
25%
23%
25
20%
14%
USD billion
20
15%
15
10%
10
5%
5
0
0%
2005-07
2008-10
2011-13
• ODA commitments targeting the global and local environment reached USD 29.4 billion
on average per year in 2011-13, representing 23% of total bilateral ODA commitments
by DAC members
• Driven by international commitments under the Rio conventions on biodiversity,
desertification and, in particular, climate change
Source: OECD DAC Statistics, March 2015
Share of total ODA commitments (%)
Desertification-related ODA
30
Climate-related development finance in 2013
reached USD 37 billion
Climate-related development finance in 2013
Commitments, USD billion
• USD 23.0 billion (61%) addressed mitigation only, USD 9.6 billion (26%) addresses
adaptation only, and USD 4.8 billion (13%) consists of activities designed to address
both mitigation and adaptation.
Source: OECD DAC Statistics, December 2014
OECD DAC CRS Rio marker statistics, analysis & access to data
http://oe.cd/RMioMarkers
Biodiversity, Climate and Desertification-related statistics, data portal
and analysis
www.oecd.org/dac/stats/biodiversity.htm
www.oecd.org/dac/stats/climate-change.htm
www.oecd.org/dac/stats/desertification.htm
Rio markers training workshop:
www.oecd.org/dac/environment-development/training-workshop.htm
OECD Environment and Development Homepage
www.oecd.org/dac/environment-development
Rio markers: [email protected] and [email protected]
Environment and Development: [email protected]
Some further detail…
Bilateral biodiversity-related ODA
commitments by OECD DAC members
Trends in biodiversity-related development finance, three-year averages
2002-2013, bilateral commitments, USD billion, constant 2013 prices
• Bilateral biodiversity-related aid commitments reached USD 5.6 billion per
year in 2011-13, representing 4% of total bilateral aid.
• Most increase in ODA targeting biodiversity as a “significant” objective (63%
av. 2011-13)
• Donors increasingly targeting multiple environmental objectives:
 76% biodiversity-related development finance also targets climate
change objectives (2011-13).
Source: OECD DAC Statistics, February 2015
Top 3 sectors received 82% of bilateral
biodiversity-related ODA in 2007-13
Key sectors receiving biodiversity-related development finance
Average 2007-13, bilateral commitments, USD billion, constant 2013 prices
• The estimated share of capacity-building activities is growing over time,
from 24% in 2005-07 to 43% in 2011-13. This supports:
•
•
•
Setting the right policy frameworks and strengthening institutions;
Research, education and training;
Management of, provision of, and access to finance
Source: OECD DAC Statistics, February 2015
Bilateral climate-related development
finance is rising
Trend in bilateral climate-related ODA, 3-year annual averages
2002-13, bilateral commitments, USD billion, constant 2012 prices
USD billion
25
16%
16%
20
11%
12%
15
8%
10
4%
4%
4%
5
0
0%
2002-04
2005-07
Principal
2008-10
Significant
Share of bilateral ODA
Source: OECD DAC Statistics, December 2014
2011-13
Development finance targeting adaptation
•
Total bilateral adaptation-related
ODA by DAC members reached
USD 10.6 bn per year over 201213, or 8% of bilateral
commitments.
7%
•
6%
Share of total ODA commitments
Total adaptation-related development finance
71% targets adaptation as a
significant objective, reflecting
mainstreaming within on-going
development activities
2010-13, bilateral and multilateral commitments, USD billion,
constant 2012 prices, annual and 2-year annual average
Principal
Significant
16
UAE
Share of total ODA commitments
8%
8%
UAE
14
7%
Multilateral
USD billion
12
10
5%
8
4%
6
Bilateral
3%
4
2%
2
1%
0
0%
2010-11
2012-13
2013
Bilateral adaptation-related OOF by OECD DAC
members: USD 225 million per year over 2010-13
•
For the first time, the OECD DAC
statistics capture an integrated
picture of both bilateral and
multilateral climate-related
external development finance
flows.
•
Total bilateral and multilateral
adaptation-related finance reached
over USD 14.6 bn in 2013.
–
–
–
DAC members = USD 11 bn
UAE = USD 264 mn
Multilateral = USD 3.3 bn
Concentration in few sectors & activity types
Adaptation-related bilateral ODA by sector
Annual average 2010-13, bilateral commitments, USD billion, constant 2012 prices
Significant
UAE
Share of total ODA commitments
3.0
45%
41%
38%
40%
USD billion
2.5
35%
2.0
30%
25%
25%
1.5
20%
1.0
15%
10%
0.5
4%
10%
4%
0.0
0%
Water Supply &
Sanitation
•
•
5%
Share of total ODA commitments
Principal
Agriculture, Forestry, General Environment
Fishing & Rural
Protection
Development
Multisector
Transport and
Storage
Disaster Risk
Reduction and
Response
DAC members: top 6 sectors receive 86% of adaptation-related ODA
Multilateral in 2013: top sector is agriculture (USD 677 million; 20% of adaptation ODA),
followed by general environment protection (674 million; 20%), water supply and sanitation (USD
517 million; 16%), disaster risk reduction and response (USD 272 million; 8%)
•
United Arab Emirates:
– USD 155 million targeting water as a significant objective
– USD 150 targeting energy as a principal objective
LDCs and other low income countries receive
27% of adaptation-related ODA from DAC
members
Latin
America &
Caribbean
10%
Unspecified
30%
Oceania
2%
LDCs
24%
Other LICs
3%
Upper MICs
15%
Europe
5%
Lower MICs
28%
Asia
34%
Unspecified
18%
Africa
31%
• Multilaterals in 2013
– Appear more focused on the poorest: 40% LDCs, 7% other LICs
– 26% Lower MICs, 24% Upper MICs
• UAE
– 87% Upper MICs (Albania, Jordan)
– 13% LDCs (Lesotho, Mali, Somalia)