Technical Capacities for observations (cont.)
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Transcript Technical Capacities for observations (cont.)
Availability of data for climate change impact
indicators
4 EIONET WORKSHOP
1 July 2010, Brussels
Maria Khovanskaya
Climate Change Topic Area
Regional Environmental Center for Cenral and Eastern Europe
Outline
Report “Impacts of Europe’s changing climate - 2008 indicatorbased assessment” EEA/JRC/WHO – 9 categories, 40 indicators
(potential cooperation with the data center)
SEE region – choice of indicators
Institutional set-up to collect meteorological and hydrological data within
the NMHS of the SEE countries
Technical capacities to collect meteorological and hydrological data
within the NMHS of the SEE countries
Quality of data, availability of data, accessibility of data
Biodiversity data – long story: availability of data
Conclusions
“Impacts of Europe’s changing climate - 2008
indicator-based assessment” EEA/JRC/WHO
1. Reasons for the choice of indicators (as in the report): existence
of time series and accessibility
2. Categories of cc-impact indicators:
Atmosphere and climate
Cryoshere
Coast and Marine
Water Quantity: river floods and droughts
Freshwater quality and biodiversity
Terrestrial ecosystems and biodiversity
Soils
Agriculture and forestry
Human health
Economic consequences of climate change
Choice of indicators of data search:
availability and relevance
Atmosphere and climate
Temperature
Precipitation
Temperature extremes
Precipitation extremes
Storms and storm surges
Air pollution by ozon
Water quantity: river floods and droughts
River flow
River floods
River flow droughts
Freshwater quality and biodiversity
Water temperature
River and lakes ice cover
Fresh water quality and biodiversity
Terrestrial Ecosystems and biodiversity
Distribution of plant and animal species
Phenology of plant and animal species
Institutional set up for observations
Albania: Institute of Energy, Water and Environment (former HydroMeteorological Institute merged together with the other institutions)
Bosnia and Herzegovina: two services – in Republic of Srpska and
Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina
Croatia: Meteorological and Hydrological Service of Croatia (MHSC)
FYR Macedonia; Hydro-meteorological Institute
Montenegro; Hydrometeorological Service
Serbia: Hydrometeorological Service of Republic of Serbia
Private companies for making observations and weather forecasts in the
aviation sector
Technical Capacities for observations
1. Albania
128 meteorological (4 stations are automatic)
102 hydrological stations
11 air quality stations located at the meteorological stations
43 water quality sampling points at rivers, lakes and coastal area
2. Bosnia and Herzegovina
16+16 general synoptic stations are divided equally (between Republic Srpska
and the Federation of BiH. 5 are fully automatic
There are also 19 climatological stations
26 precipitation points
3. Montenegro
8 main synoptic stations
20 climatological stations
50 precipitation points
Technical Capacities for observations
4. MACEDONIA
14 main meteorological stations,
19 regular climatological stations
26 phenological stations
1 aerological station, 6 hail suppression centres
200 precipitation stations
68 active gauging stations o monitor the surface water discharge and level
115 measuring points to monitor the ground water. Unfortunately, due to
the budget restrictions the monitoring of ground water has been stopped.
19 stations are used to monitor air quality.
The Republic Health Institute: 15 water quality and 20 air quality
measuring points
Hydrobiological Institute: microbiological safety of the lake Ochrid
Technical Capacities for observations (cont.)
5. Serbia
•
28 surface synoptic stations running hourly observations
1 upper-air (radio sounding) meteorological station
13 meteorological radar centres
90 regular climatological stations
35 regular agrometeorological stations
650 precipitation points
52 phenological stations
26 stations for monitoring air pollutions
188 regular stations to monitor surface water
398 ground water stations
159 stations for surface water quality
Technical Capacities for observations (cont.)
6. Croatia
40 man-operated synoptic stations
32 fully automatic stations
337 precipitation points, 114 climatological stations
3 weather radars
2 upper-air stations
Data quality, availability and accessibility
Data quality
Many man-operated stations
Lack of satellite coverage
”Black holes” in data series due to social events
Availability of “raw” and time series
Serbian automatic stations translate “raw’ data on line
Albania does not have a web-site for the IEWE a all
Others – aggregated data for the current day
Literature: proof of existence of the aggregated data
Accessibility
International cooperation; all the countries are the members of
WMO and GCOS. NB! Quality
Only Serbia and Croatia are members of EUMETNET
Crotia: possibility to purchase time series of the agregated
data on-line
Other SEE countries: difficulties for a researcher
Biodiversity data:
Arial of species’ distribution and phenology phases
Capacity building needs – most urgent
1. Improving access to and the collection, management, exchange and use of
observation data and other relevant information on the current and historical
climate and its impacts in SEE.
2. Modernising national hydrometeorological services in SEE countries.
3. 3. Developing and applying methodologies for impact and vulnerability
assessment and integrating them into socioeconomic scenarios.
4. 5. Training experts
6. Preparing coherent and comprehensive action plans, strategies and
programmes on the local, regional, national and transnational levels.
7. Preparing legislation and methodological guidelines on the integration of
adaptation issues in long-term planning.
8. Raising awareness among all stakeholders of climate change and the need
for adaptation.
Thank you for your attention
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