Transcript The management of farmland and irrigation water

Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation
APEC International Conference on Natural Resources and Infrastructure Management for Agriculture
Centara Grand at Central World, Bangkok THAILAND, August 6-8, 2012
The Management of Water and Land Resources for
Agriculture in Chinese Taipei
Chinese Taipei
Ho, Yi-Fong
August 7, 2012
Wu, Chii-Reid
Outline
 Agricultural statistics ………………………………….3
 Water resources and climate change………………….4
 The management of farmland and irrigation water…8
 Policy for climate change adaption……………………16
 Policy for agricultural food safety………………...…..17
 Conclusions……………………………………………..19
2
Agricultural statistics
1) Annual budget is about USD 8.3 billion (8% of
government’s whole budget )
2) Annual output of USD 4.6 billion (1.8% share of GDP)
3) 540,000 farmers
4) Food self-sufficiency ratio is about 32 % on a calorie basis.
•Rice (91.9%), wheat (0.0%), soybean (3.8%), vegetable (82.9%), fruit
(85.2%), pork (94.8%), beef (6.2%), milk (27.9%).
3
Water resources and climate change
2,500
4,000
Precipitation in Chinese Taipei is approximately 2,500mm/year, which is
2.5 times of the world average.
The amount of annual precipitation per capita is merely 4,000 cubic
meters, which is less than one-fifth of the world average.
4
Water resources and climate change
5
Water resources and climate change
 Frequency and severity of droughts and floods are increasing.
Data source: Water Resources Management and Policy Research Center, 2009
6
Water resources and climate change
 2009.8.8 Typhoon MORAKOT struck southern Chinese Taipei.
 2900 mm (114 inches) in 3 days.
 Dead & Missing：769
 Agricultural Loss ：$ 530 million USD
 Hydraulic Facility Failures：174
Data source: Water Resources Agency, Chinese Taipei, 2009
7
The management of farmland and irrigation water
 17 Irrigation Associations
are obligated to help the
Government carry out
the irrigation undertakings.
Around 380,000 ha (44% of
total arable land) are
serviced by the Irrigation
Associations (IAs).
8
The management of farmland and irrigation water
To improve the farm production environment and waterlogged soils.
Most of the irrigation areas of IAs have been implemented with the
practice of farmland consolidation.
 To adjust farm land to
standard block
delineation(W/L= 25m/100m).
 Each block may have direct
road access, direct irrigation
and direct drainage.
 Nearly 400,000 ha of
farmland in Chinese Taipei
have completed land
consolidation.
9
The management of farmland and irrigation water
To use RS(Remote Sensing), GIS(Geography Information System)
technologies for planning the special crop production and
marketing areas .
Legend
Crops
█
Paddy rice
Upland
crops
Vegetable
█
█
AREA
（ha）
1,285
886
18
10
The management of farmland and irrigation water
All of the infrastructure for irrigation affairs includes overall length
of about 46,000km of irrigation canals and 24,000 km of drainage
ditches.
11
The management of farmland and irrigation water
The investment on maintenance for the infrastructure of irrigation
affairs is about USD 280 million every year.
Million
(USD)
year
12
The management of farmland and irrigation water
Irrigation water (billion tons)
 Decreased by 18% in the last 20 years due to water demands
of other sectors.
 Transferred to supply the deficits of industrial and domestic
sectors during drought events.
13 billion tons in average(1971-1990)
Higher level
10.7 billion tons in average(1991-2008)
Lower level
1971
1976
1981
1986
1991
1996
2001
2006
Year
Data source: Water Resources Agency, MOEA, , Chinese Taipei, 1971-2008
13
The management of farmland and irrigation water
14
The management of farmland and irrigation water
 The map of water quality for
irrigation.
15
Policy for climate change adaption
1) Strengthening of multi-functional irrigation infrastructure.
2) Improving basic environment for agricultural production.
3) Carrying forward productive, ecologic and living functions of
agricultural water resources.
4) Building up national Geographic Information System for irrigation.
5) Upgrading of irrigation management efficiencies.
6) Utilizing the resources of IAs to develop water resources related
industries.
16
Policy for agricultural food safety
1.Raising food self-sufficiency rate and increasing domestic food
production and consumption.
1) Setting the goal of food self-sufficiency rate at 40%.
2) Activating 140,000 hectares of fallow, and giving priority to encourage the
planting of such food grains as feed corn on idle farmland.
3) Adjusting incentives for crop rotation, increasing crop species for rotation,
and guiding the planting of crops to replace imported ones and offering
better incentives.
17
Policy for agricultural food safety
2. Safeguarding water and soil resources required for agricultural
product to ensure food security.
1)
Ensuring enough amount of quality farmland for agricultural production.
2) Giving priority to investing resources in large agricultural productions
areas with resources of good quality.
3) Increasing water regulation and storage facilities for agricultural use, and
enhancing the efficiency of the agricultural water resource use.
4) Maintaining the quality of water for irrigation, establishing water quality
monitoring and early warning mechanism, and lowering water and soil
pollution risk to ensure the safety of agricultural production.
18
Conclusions
 Irrigation affairs involve water and land resources
utilization. As efficient irrigation can provide the
multiple functions such as food production,
livelihood satisfaction, and ecology conservation
 It is essential to upgrade the irrigation facilities and to
promote the management capacity of irrigation
associations for adapting the negative impact of
climate change and improving food scarce.
19
Thanks for Your
Attention
Crystal – Appreciation
(Assigned from – The Promise of Life, Water Knows)