Transcript Part 1: Electricity and Renewable Energy

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ELECTRICITY &
RENEWABLE
RESOURCES
Part 1: Electricity and Renewable Energy
• Most electricity
sources have three
main parts
– The fuel source
– The turbine
– The generator
Part 1: Electricity and Renewable Energy
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• A simple generator
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• Larger generators use
the same principle
* Pictures from http://www.childrensuniversity.manchester.ac.uk/interactives/science/energy/electricity.asp
Part 1: Electricity and Renewable Energy
• COAL, OIL OR
GAS
– Fuel burnt to turn
water to steam
– Steam turns turbine
– Turbine turns
generator
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Part 1: Electricity and Renewable Energy
• HYDRO-ELECTRIC
POWER
– Lots of water dropped
through large wheel
– Wheel turns generator
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Part 1: Electricity and Renewable Energy
• NUCLEAR POWER
– Fuel of radioactive
uranium
– Uranium atoms are
split, creating radiation
and heat
– Heat used to make
steam
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Part 1: Electricity and Renewable Energy
• BIOMASS POWER
– Burn trees, shrubs,
manure, rubbish; or
burn gases from these
– Creates steam
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Part 1: Electricity and Renewable Energy
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• GEOTHERMAL
– Uses steam from hot
water reservoirs deep
below the Earth
Part 1: Electricity and Renewable Energy
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• SOLAR POWER
– Uses special panels
called “photovoltaic
cells”
– Cells produce
electricity when
sunlight falls on them
Part 1: Electricity and Renewable Energy
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• TIDAL AND WIND
TURBINES
– Wind or ocean tides
rotate blades which
turn generator
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Part 1: Electricity and
Renewable Energy
• Electricity generation is a
major CO2 emissions culprit
• Some methods produce
more than others
• Some produce no CO2 at all
Part 1: Electricity and Renewable Energy
• RENEWABLE
– Fuel won’t run out
– Most don’t produce
greenhouse gases
• NON-RENEWABLE
– Fuel will run out
– Most produce greenhouse
gases
WELCOME TO THE
UNITED NATIONS CLIMATE
CHANGE ASSEMBLY
SAY ANY LINE!
Nuclear Power! Nuclear Power!
Oil Power! Oil Power!
Coal Power! Coal Power! Coal Power!
Solar Power! Solar Power!
Hydro Power! Hydro Power!
Biomass Power! Biomass Power!
Wind Power! Wind Power!
WHICH ONE IS
BEST?
Case Study from an EWB Project –
Sustainable Energy Options
for the
Uluru Children’s Home
(that’s Uluru in India, not Australia!!)
Uluru Children’s Home –
Project Introduction
AIMS:
– Reliability of
Power Supply
– Undertake
Energy Audit
– Identify
Sustainable
Energy
Options
Information gathering
Overall Energy breakdown (MJ/yr)
Diesel
Vehicles, 24,190
Electricity Kamala Avenue, 100
Electricity Uluru Childrens Home, 45,128
Petrol
Vehicles, 31,770
Electricity Uluru Health Care Clinic, 7,220
Generator
Uluru Childrens Home, 14,262
Kerosene
Uluru Childrens Home, 2,007
Kerosene
Uluru Health Care Clinic, 1,017
Gas Bottle
Uluru Childrens Home, 48,406
UCH Cooking Gas Options
UCH - Sustainable Cooking Options
• Community Solar Dish Cooker
UCH - Sustainable Cooking Options
• Biogas system
Cooking gas can be produced from food
scraps, cow dung and other agro-waste
UCH Electricity
options
UCH - Electricity breakdown
UCH Electrical Load and Cost Breakdown
Housekeeping
MJ 1279/yr
Rs.1,640 /yr
Other Appliances
MJ 1463 /yr
Rs. 1,876 /yr
Entertainment
MJ 236/yr
Rs.303 /yr
Kitchen
MJ 1632/yr
Rs. 2,093 /yr
Computers
MJ 8887 /yr
Rs. 11,395 /yr
Lighting
MJ 24,408 / yr
Hot Water Systems
MJ 1266 /yr
Rs. 1,624 /yr
Rs. 31,295 / yr
Water Pumps
MJ 3967 /yr
Rs.5,086 /yr
Cooling
MJ 16,252 /yr
Rs. 20,838 / yr
•36kWh/day average
electricity demand
•Cost of electricity
per year Rs. 58,072 or
AUS $1760
Energy Efficiency Options
• Replace remaining
incandescent bulbs with
energy efficient
fluorescent lights
• 70% reduction in lights
left on at night
• Reduce water pumping
by fixing leaking bore
water tank
• Replace the fridge seal in
UCH kitchen
Sustainable Electricity Options
Two power sources were suggested,
to power electricity use at the Uluru
Childrens’ Home:
• Solar
• Wind
UCH Transport options
Transport use breakdown
Summary of Use for petrol vehicle during Dec 08
Rs. 58,298 /yr
Pick up gas cyclinder
MJ 13,767 /yr
To go to Pondicherry pick up flower vase
& Diesel for generator.
To pick up AM from ECR and to drop
MJ 76,483 /yr
Founder at clinic.
MJ 14,532 /yr
Rs. 18,461 /yr
Pick up vegetables/provisions
MJ 45,890 /yr
Rs. 17,489 /yr
Rs. 97,164 /yr
Drop tutors home
MJ 55,068 /yr
Rs. 69,958 /yr
To pick up & drop Dr. Benita Marian in
the ECR.
MJ 14,532 /yr
Rs. 18,461 /yr
To pick up & drop Music Master & Dance
Master.
MJ 73,424 /yr
Rs. 93,277 /yr
To Marakkanam for petrol
MJ 89,485 /yr
Rs. 113,682 /yr
Pick up coconut from Vembanur
MJ 9,178 /yr
Rs. 11,660 /yr
Drop children at secondary school and
pick up
MJ 217,977 /yr
Rs. 276,917 /yr
To ECR for bank work
MJ 24,475 /yr
Rs. 31,092 /yr
To VAO's office and back
MJ 13,767 /yr
Rs. 17,489 /yr
To Cheyyur registry office & back
MJ 22,945 /yr
Rs. 29,149 /yr
Transport -Diesel & Petrol reduction
options
• Children bike to school
• Coordinate activities to
reduce trips
• Purchase an auto-rickshaw
The Assignment: Calculate your
carbon footprint!
• Calculate your carbon footprint!
– Go to www.1degree.com.au/carbon_calculator
– Do the quiz
– Record your footprint and bring it to the next climate
change session
– Set a new goal for your future carbon footprint
The Assignment: Calculate your
carbon footprint!
• Due date for the assignment is the
next and final climate change presentation.
• Some of you may be asked to show the class
what you’ve done so be thorough! There may
be prizes!
Next time…
• We will discuss the findings of your
assignment
• The Great Global Warming Quiz Game Show
• More tips for how you can help combat
climate change
Thanks for your attention!
Remember to
turn off electrical appliances when
they aren’t being used,
walk or ride a bike instead and
be emissions aware!