Transcript Community-based Renewable Energy towards

Community-based Renewable
Energy towards Sustainable
Grassroots Communities
Engr. Nazario R. Cacayan
Executive Director
Yamog Renewable Energy Development Group, Inc.
Renewable Energy Summit 2011
SM City Cebu, Mandaue City
March 8, 2011
Mindanao
 More than 10% of barangays in
Mindanao are unenergized ( 2008)
 Degradation of forest lands and major
watershed
 Abundance of water resources that
can be harnessed for micro hydro power
generation
 Lack of access to basic social services
 High poverty incidence ( rural areas)
No electricity: 4 in every 10 poor families
 In 2002, among poorest 40% of families, as much
as four in every 10 families did not have electricity
at home.
 Regions with a bigger proportion (than national
average) of poorest families not having electricity:
 Southern Mindanao (incldg Southwestern Mda)
(45.7%)
 Caraga (45.7%)
 Western Mindanao (62.8%)
 Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao
(69.7%)
Phils. R.E. Resources
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Geothermal Resource – 1,200 MW
Hydropower - 10,500 MW
Wind resources – 76,600 MW
Micro-hydro – untapped vast potentials
Solar Energy – untapped vast potential
as a tropical country
• Ocean energy - 170,000 MW
• Biomass (bagasse) total potential of
235.7 MW

Yamog Renewable Energy
Development Group, Inc.
(an NGO, established in 1993)
1. COMMUNITY-BASED
RENEWABLE ENERGY AND
WATER
2. ENVIRONMENT/RESOURCE
MANAGEMENT
Community Development
1. Social preparations/Community capacity Building
 Consultations on renewable energy
 Technical (Operation and maintenance, basic
electricity, etc.
 Organizational development (program mgt.,
finance, tariff setting, energy audit, bookkeeping,
conflict resolution, decision making, etc.)
Technology development
•
Pre-feasibility/ Feasibility(
social, technical and
financial)
•
System Installation
•
Training on Operation
and Maintenance
•
Monitoring and evaluation
Environment/Resource Management
• Watershed Resource Management
Nursery Establishment ( indigenous
species and fruit trees)
Outplanting
Monitoring and Evaluation
IMPLEMENTED COMMUNITY-BASED MICRO HYDROPOWER
Mabini, Tubajon, Surigao del
Norte (5kW)
Megkawayan, Calinan, Davao
City (3kW)
Polocon, Lamanan, Calinan,
Davao City (6kW)
Maglahus, Cateel, Davao Oriental
(15kW)
Sangab, Caraga, Davao
Oriental (10kW)
Marahan. Marilog Dist., Davao
City (20kW)
Saloy, Calinan Dist., Davao City
(10kW)
Chua, Bagumbayan, Sultan
Kudarat (12kW)
Lam - alis, Colombio, Sultan
Kudarat (10kW)
Dumalaguing, Impasugong,
Bukidnon (20kW)
Micolabo, Picong, Lanao del Sur
(40kW)
Karim/Minabay, Buldon, Shariff
Kabunsuan (38kW)
Sapad, Matanog, Shariff Kabunsuan
(45kW)
Kirongdong, Magpet, North
Cotabato (20kW)
Malumpeny, Makilala, North
Cotabato (15kW)
Legend:
Tablo, Lake Sebu, South Cotabato
(12kW)
IP Communities
Upper, Sepaka, Suralla, South
Cotabato (40kW)
Muslim
Communities
Christian
Micro hydropower projects
Installed about 21 community-based microhydro power
systems in Mindanao and Visayas
total power generating capacities of 363 kW
( 6 -45 kW) ; average cost = P 150,000-250,000/kW
electricity and other productive end uses: milling
2,480 households ( 12,000 population)
bundling them together, an estimated total
of 1,645 metric tonnes CO2 annually being avoided
YAMOG Renewable Energy and other Projects
1, 2% 1, 2%
MHP
21, 49%
Solar
20, 47%
Ram pump
Watersystem
YAMOG MHP PROJECTS
7, 35%
8, 40%
5, 25%
IP Muslims Christians
MHP Projects
Power Capacity in kW
No. of Households
250
200
150
100
50
0
Polocon,
Tuamnding,
Chua,
Dumalaguing,
Calinan, Davao Arakan, North Bagumbayan,
Bukidnon
City
Cotabato
Sultan Kudarat
Lake Se bu,
South
Cotabato
Areas with Micro Hydropwer
Brgy. Bale a,
Ne gros
O ccide ntal
Brgy. Sapad,
Shariff
Kabungsuan
The micro hydro power that runs a corn mill and
irrigates ricefields.
Yamog Inc.
Financing Strategies:
Community counterpart: 10-15 % -sweat equity
and household wirings
LGU Counterpart : 5-10% food for work and
other materials
Grants: 80%
Yamog, Inc.
Financial Sustainability
Tariff structure:
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capital replacement fund
operations and maintenance
community development fund
watershed protection fund
Project Impacts
SOCIO-ECONOMIC IMPACTS:
• Households with access to quality lighting and
milling.
 Change in energy use pattern from kerosene to
electricity.
 Increased Income – savings from transportation
in milling, weaving production of traditional loom
weaving, etc.
 School children’s quality study at night
enhancement.
• Community solidarity enhanced, peace and
order conditions improved.
Yamog, Inc.
An indigenous T’boli woman doing traditional
loom weaving. Before the electricity comes (12
kW), she does the loom weaving during daytime.
But now with the electricity from the hydro, she
can weave and be more productive during night
time. (Tablo, Lake Sebu, South Cotabato)
Project Impacts
Environmental Sustainability:
Watershed management and protection
enhance ecosystem services (water, biodiversity, etc.)
Climate change mitigation
(displacement of carbon dioxide thus reducing greenhouse
gases)
ex: 10 kilowatts micro hydropower displaced 67 tonnes
Carbon dioxide annually
environmental governance
eco-efficiency
Success Factors
1. Financially self-sustaining projects have
cash generating (usually day time) and
increase the use of plant factor (load
factor).
2. The income generated helps community
development projects, maintains the
system, and enhances watershed
management and protection.
Success Factors
3.Local capacities to fabricate,manage, operate
and maintain micro hydro projects.
4.Effective lobbying with the LGUs for the
allocation of resources and formulation of
favorable policies for MHP devt and watershed
protection.
5. Well-prepared community and active community
participation with strong sense of community
ownership
Success Factors
6. Multi stakeholders partnership
(community, PO, NGO, LGU, private
sector and other civil society)
7. Watershed management and
rehabilitation through replanting of
indigenous tree species and fruit
trees.
Challenges
1. Project funds for community-based
renewable energy systems are limited
and difficult to access.
2. Sustainability of some MHP primarily for
household electricity and without
productive end-uses like agricultural
processing.
3. The emerging climate change has
already created adverse impacts as
regards rainfall patterns and river flows
Moving Forward
Replication and scaling-up of micro
hydro power systems entail multi
sectoral partnership, political and
financial support for an energy
corridor approach.
Enhanced community capacity
building ( including enterprise
development, pool of trained
technicians and managers)
Moving Forward
Diversification of productive end-uses
( income generating activities)
towards sustainability and promotion
of local economy.
Need for an integrated development
approach including watershed
management and enhancement of
local environment as a climate change
adaptation strategy
Conclusions
Community-based micro hydropower as an
integrated rural development strategy promotes
electrification, social benefits, local economy and
environmental protection.
Off –grid communities with micro hydropower
resources can access electricity with policy
support from the LGU’s and multi stakeholders
partnerships.
RE Law needs to address the issue on rural
electrification to reduce poverty and promote
environmental protection in off grid communities.
Daghang Salamat!
email: [email protected]
http://www.yamog.org