Transcript cdm in mongolia

CDM IN MONGOLIA
Mr. B.PUREVDORJ
CDM-DNA Mongolia
International Cooperation Department
Ministry for Nature & Environment
CDM IN MONGOLIA
The Government of Mongolia signed UNFCCC in 1992 at
the Rio Conference, and the Parliament ratified it in 1993
Mongolia ratified the Kyoto Protocol in 1999
Climate Change
CDM IN MONGOLIA
63 years data of Mongolia’s hydro-meteorological observation:
The annual average air temperature has been increased 1.56
degrees Celsius
- in winter season by 3.6 degrees
- in spring and fall seasons by 1.4-1.5 degrees
- in summer season by 0.3 degrees
Annual Temperature Deviation /1940-2003/
2.5
2.0
1.5
1.0
tno
rm
0.5
0.0
-0.5 1940
1950
1960
1970
1980
-1.0
1990
2000
2010
y = 0.0307x - 60.564
2
-1.5
R = 0.4168
-2.0
-2.5
year
CDM IN MONGOLIA
In coincidence with the warming process, precipitation
volume had been reducing in the last 60 years by about
11 percent on the average.
Annual Precipitation Deviation /1940-2003/
1.5
rr-norm
1.0
0.5
0.0
-0.51940
1950
1960
1970
1980
1990
2000
2010
y = -0.0021x + 4.0523
R2 = 0.0048
-1.0
-1.5
year
CDM IN MONGOLIA
Last 10 years
- Mongolia’s arid area extended by 3.4 percent,
- area of lands affected by desertification impact extended by
5.4 times,
- seriously desertificated area was extended by 1.8 times.
As a whole, desertification has been seriously existing in the
Gobi desert region, which occupies 41.3 percent or 647,000
square kilometers of country’s territory.
CDM IN MONGOLIA
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Sufficient enough studies and research
works have been done in terms of climate
change and its impacts and now focusing
more on possible adaptation options.
Developed the National Programme on
Climate Change
National GHG Inventory
Studies on climate change impacts on
various sectors
CDM IN MONGOLIA
NATIONAL COMMITTEE ON CLIMATE CHANGE
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National Committee on Climate Change was established in
2002 chaired by the Minister of Nature & Environment with
high level representation from the several relevant
ministries and in addition from the Mongolian Academy of
Science, National Council for Sustainable Development,
Hydro-Meteorological Institute and NGO.
It has three Working Groups:
For Public-Private Partnership
For Clean Development Mechanism
For Energy Efficiency
CDM IN MONGOLIA
ESTABLISHMENT OF CDM-DNA MONGOLIA
19 NOVEMBER 2004
Structure: Composes of representatives from the following
organizations and institutions, including:
•Ministry for Nature & Environment
•Ministry of Fuel & Energy
•Ministry of Industry & Trade
•Ministry of Finance & Economics
•Scientific Organizations
•NGOs
•Private Sector
DNA establishes an Expert Group, which is responsible for
validation & verification process.
CDM IN MONGOLIA
DNA’s Role
•Act as country’s focal point for CDM
•Facilitate project development
•Provide technical guidance to companies
•Conclude bilateral agreements
•Project approval
•Market studies and project identification
•Implementation Monitoring
•Awareness raising through domestic and international
outreach efforts (meetings with relevant companies,
organizations and organize workshops, conferences etc.
communicate relevant Kyoto information to companies)
•International outreach to countries listed in Annex 1.
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Project approval process shall be
simple and avoid hindrances to the
projects proposed.
Proponent submits proposal to DNA
and DNA instructs Expert Group for
validation & verification, and basing
on the results of EG works, DNA
issues the letters.
CDM IN MONGOLIA
Only in Ulaanbaatar city 3 million tons of coal is burned every year. If
we also add thousands of auto vehicles, mining, unified waste
disposal, cement and construction materials industries in it, there will
be enormous number of emission.
1000
100
10
carbon dioxide, mg/m3
sulphur dioxide, mkg/m3
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nitrogen dioxide, mkg/m3
CDM IN MONGOLIA
Mongolia is rated as a country having above average
greenhouse gas level per capita. Thus, clean technology policy
is required to be implemented in the next 5 to 10 years.
Financial mechanism and resources are main barrier for
adopting leading technologies and efficient manufacturing
practices.
Energy sector in Mongolia is using fossil fuel (almost 100
percent coal-fired).
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POTENTIAL PROJECT SECTORS
Mongolia divides projects into 5 bundles for CDM,
depending on the size of projects.:
Heat efficiency (heat only boilers, thermal
stations, fuel)
Renewable energy (wind, hydro, solar)
Greening (afforestation, reforestation, any other
plantation)
Environmental pollution (waste management,
sewage treatment facilities, air pollution)
Technology
transfer
(cement,
metallurgic,
construction materials factories)
CDM IN MONGOLIA
Project under Discussion:
Improved Household Stoves Project” (IHSP) sponsored by
WB/GEF. This project involves efficiency improvements of
coal-fired household stoves used in the ger (traditional
round Mongolian tents) areas of UB city for heating and
cooking purposes, through:
-Introduction of more energy efficient household stoves
(“modern” stoves)
-Improvements in household stoves already in use
(adapted/modified standard stoves)
Inefficient coal-fired household stoves in ger districts
in UB are responsible for a large part of air pollution
in UB, in particular because of temperature
inversions in winter, combined with the location of
UB in a valley surrounded by mountains.
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The project displaces lower efficiency coal-fired household stoves
by:
Introducing more efficient stoves;
Improving existing stoves
Both these changes would not happen in absence of financial
assistance from international sources, may be through CDM – i.e.
the present, inefficient household stoves would remain in use.
The reason is that although the energy cost savings are sufficient
to justify the initial outlay for the improved or new stoves, the
target population lacks the financial means to finance this on their
own.
It is also very difficult to collect payments due.
This case, The MNE can be owner of the project and give subsidies
to the households.
Annual reductions at full capacity: 192,000 tCO2 equivalent
Up to a period of 10 years: 1,536,675 million tCO2-equivalent
Up to a period of 7 years: 960,675 tCO2-equivalent
CDM IN MONGOLIA
<NEEDS>
1) Capacity Building for DNA
Experts
Private Sector
Relevant stakeholders
2) Effective and simple approval procedures
3) Financial barriers, especially for private sector
[email protected]