Transcript Sports Medicine

Option 3
Sports Medicine
Classification of Sports Injuries
Direct Injury
 Definition: Caused by an external blow or
force
 Examples of causes: A tackle in Rugby or
the impact of a ball in hockey
 Examples of injuries: Haematomas (‘cork’)
or bruise, joint and ligament damage,
fractures and dislocations.
Classification of Injuries
Indirect Injuries
 Definition: Where the site of the injury is distant
from the impact site or where the injury results
from internal forces (rather than an impact with
another object)
 Examples of causes: dislocated shoulder from
falling into an outstretched hand, overstretching.
 Examples of Injuries: muscle strains and tears,
ligament sprains.
Classification of Sports Injuries
Overuse Injuries
 Definition: Occur as a result of excessive
and repetitive force
 Examples of Causes: Poor technique or
equipment, not allowing adequate time to
heal (due to initial low levels of discomfort
or overenthusiasm)
 Examples of Injuries: Stress fractures,
tendonitis (chronic inflammation)
Classification of Sports Injuries
Soft Tissue Injury
These are injuries to skin, muscle, tendons
or ligaments:
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Skin (abrasions, lacerations and blisters),
Tendons (tears, strains and inflammation),
Muscles (tears, strains and contusions)
Ligaments (sprains and tears)
Classification of Sports Injuries
Hard Tissue Injuries
These are injuries involving damage to:
 Bones
 Fractures
 Dislocations
 Bruising
Soft Tissue Injuries
Tears
 This is a disruption of muscle or tendon
fibres.
 It can range from microscopic to a
complete rupture.
 Caused by being overstretched or by
being contracted too forcefully.
 Age, lack of flexibility, cold conditions and
a lack of warm up can increase likelihood.
Soft Tissue Injuries
Sprain
 A tear in ligament fibres
 Caused when a joint in extended beyond
normal range
 Microscopic to complete rupture or an
avulsion (ligament intact but torn from its
bone attachment)
Soft Tissue Injuries
Contusion
 Fancy name for a bruise
 It involves bleeding into the soft tissue
 Can occur in any of the soft tissue types