Transcript Muscles, Bones, and Joints - Steele Canyon High School

 Smooth
 Involuntary
 Cardiac
 Involuntary
 Voluntary
 Skeletal
 Voluntary
 Attached to skeleton
CARDIAC MUSCLE:
The cardiac muscles is the muscle of the brain itself. The cardiac muscle is the tissue that makes up the wall of
the heart called the mydocardium. Also like the skeletal muscles, the cardiac muscle is striated and contracts
through the sliding filament method. However it is different from other types of muscles because it forms
branching fibers. Unlike the skeletal muscles, the cardiac muscle is attached together instead of been attach to a
bone.
SKELETAL MUSCLE:
The skeletal muscle makes up about 40 % of an adults body weight. It has stripe-like markings, or striations.
The skeletal muscles is composed of long muscle fibers. Each of these muscles fiber is a cell which contains
several nuclei. The nervous system controls the contraction of the muscle. Many of the skeletal muscle
contractions are automatic. However we still can control the action of the skeletal muscle. And it is because of
this reason that the skeletal muscle is also called voluntary muscle.
SMOOTH MUSCLE:
Much of our internal organs is made up of smooth muscles. They are found in the urinary bladder, gallbladder,
arteries, and veins. Also the digestive tract is made up of smooth muscle as well. The smooth muscles are
controlled by the nervous system and hormones. We cannot consciously control the smooth muscle that is why
they are often called involuntary Muscle Functions
UPPER BODY
Pectorals
Biceps
Triceps
Trapezius
Deltoids
Latissimus dorsi (lats)
Rectus abdominus (abs)
Obliques
LOWER BODY
Quadriceps (Quads)
Gluteals (Glutes)
Gastrocnemius
Soleus
www.innerbody.com/image/musfov.html
BONES

Supports the body
 Help keeps body upright
 Support system of organs
 Bladder-pelvis

Protects innards
 Brain

Production of blood cells
 Red blood cells come from bone marrow

Provide place for muscle attachment
 If muscles weren’t attached to bones
you wouldn’t have control like you do now.

Store various minerals and salts
 Calcium
Endoskeleton:
Human have an endoskeleton, meaning that they are located inside the body. It consists of about 200 bones. The
number of bones varies, because some bones fuse at different periods of time. Most bones are hollow with marrow cells
inside. Ligaments connect bones to bones, and tendons connect bones to muscles.
Axial Skeleton
Consists of the skull, backbone or "vertebrae," ribs and breast bone, or "sternum".
Appendicular Skeleton
Bones of arms and legs or "appendage", and girdler, which attach them to the rest of the body.
1.
Skull
2.
3.
Mandible
Hyoid Bone
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
Cervical Vertebra
Clavicle
Sternum
Costal Cartilage
Ribs
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
16.
17.
18.
19.
20.
21.
22.
23.
24.
25.
26.
Scapula
Humerus
Radius
Ulna
Carpal Bones
Metacarpal Bones
Phalanges of Fingers
Thoracic Vertebra
Lumbar Vertebra
Sacrum
Os Coxa
Femur
Patella
Tibia
Fibula
Tarsal Bones
Metatarsal Bones
Phalanges of Toes
Joints
The Hinge Joint

The hinge joint allows movement in one plane (flexion, extension) and
is termed uniaxial. Examples of the hinge joint in the body is the
articulation at the elbow.
The Pivot Joint

The pivot joint also allows
movement in one plane; and is
uniaxial. Pivot joints are located at
the base of the skull.
The Condylar Joint
The condylar joint is a
joint allowing primary
movement in one
plane, with small
amounts of movement
in another plane
(rotation). It is found at
the knee joint.
The Ellipsoid Joint
The ellipsoid joint
allows movement
in two planes and
is biaxial.
Examples of this
joint can be found
at the at the wrist.
The Ball-and-Socket Joint
The ball-and-socket joint
allows movement in three
planes and is the most
mobile of the joints. The
hip and shoulder joints
are example of ball-andsocket joints.
MOVEMENT OF THE JOINTS