Transcript Slide 1

Brainstem and Cranial Nerves – 2
Human Neurobiology
ANHB 2217
Avinash Bharadwaj
Semester 1, 2006
Week 2
Medulla Oblongata
IV Ventricle
ICP
P
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
O
Inf. cerebellar peduncle
Pyramid and Olive
G Cu
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Central canal
Cuneate and
gracile tubercles
Pons
Tegmentum
Basilar
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Basilar part, tegmentum, MCP
MCP
Midbrain
Tectum
SC
Tegmentum
Crus
Nerve III and Midbrain

Oculomotor
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“Extrinsic” Muscles of the eyeball : GSE
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
Nucleus close to the midline
Constrictor of the pupil (smooth muscle)

GVE : Edinger-Westphal nucleus
SC
ST
CP
III
RN
SN
C-Sp
CP
Nerve IV

IC
Trochlear nerve
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
A muscle of the eyeball winds around a trochlea
(pulley)
GSE
Exceptional course
Nerve VI - Abducens
MCP
VI
Pontine nuclei

Nerve to the “abductor” of the eyeball
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
GSE
Nucleus close to the midline
Nerve V : Trigeminal
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Mixed nerve
Sensory : general (GSA)
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Nucleus in all three parts of the brainstem
Motor : Muscles of mastication ++
(1st branchial arch muscles)
-- Special Visceral  SVE

Nucleus in pons
Nerve V : Trigeminal

Sensory

Mesencephalic
Proprioceptive
 An unusual nucleus
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Pontine (Chief)
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Spinal Tract and nucleus
(MO)
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Discriminative touch
Touch, pain, temperature
Motor

Pons
Nerve VII - Facial

Motor :
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2nd branchial arch
Facial muscles ++
SVE
GVE  glands
Taste : SVA
Also general
sensory…
MCP
VII
Pons
Relationships :
MCP VI, VII and V
 Rostral level :
V
Motor nucleus of V in line
with VII

VI
VII
Pontine nuclei

Pontine nuclei :
Cerebrum-cerebellum connection
(Motor system)
Nerve VIII : Vestibulocochlear

Cochlear nuclei

ICP

Vestibular nuclei

P
P

Auditory
Head position and
movement
Both special sensory :
SSA
Nerves IX and X

IX : Glossopharyngeal
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General sensory : tongue +
pharynx : GSA
Taste : SVA
Glands : GVE
Branchial muscle (pharynx) : SVE
ICP
P P
X : Vagus : Wide area of distribution



GVE : Muscle of thoracic and abdominal
organs, glands
Taste : SVA
Branchial muscle…
Nerve XI : Accessory

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IX, X, XI as a nerve group
SVE component of X : Fibres of XI


Nucleus ambiguus
Spinal root of accessory
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
Trapezius and sternocleidomastoid muscles
Developmental origins…?
Nerve XII : Hypoglossal
ICP
XII
P
V
XI

P
V
XII XI

Muscles of the tongue
GSE
Medulla Oblongata


ICP
XII
V
XI
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P
P
V
XII XI
Recognise landmarks
XII nucleus – close to midline
XI and V
Cuneate and gracile nuclei
Inferior olivary nucleus
Inferior cerebellar peduncle