Transcript H1N1 PowerPoint Presentation - Taney County Health Department

Situation Update:
H1N1 Influenza A
TANEY COUNTY HEALTH
DEPARTMENT
AUGUST 2009
Overview
 Define “the flu.”
 Describe the unique features of influenza viruses
 Describe the illness caused by influenza
 Explain how influenza spreads
 Discuss epidemics vs. pandemics
 Discuss the H1N1 virus
 Describe ways to reduce risk of disease
Influenza Virus Strains
 Type A
 moderate
to severe illness
 all age groups
 humans and other animals
 Type B
 changes
less rapidly than
type A
 milder epidemics
 humans only
 primarily affects children
Influenza Type A Subtypes
Subtypes of type A determined by
hemagglutinin (H) and neuraminidase (N)
H
N
Recent
Viruses in the
News:
H5N1
H1N1
H3N2
Signs and Symptoms
Symptoms of novel H1N1 flu are similar to those of seasonal flu.
• Fever
• Cough
• Sore throat
•
•
•
Runny or stuffy nose
Body aches
Headache
•
•
•
Chills
Fatigue
In addition, vomiting (25%) and diarrhea (25%) have been
reported. (Higher rate than for seasonal flu.)
How does H1N1 Influenza spread?
 This virus spreads the same way
seasonal flu
 Primarily through droplets
(Not Airborne)
 Coughing
 Sneezing
 Touching respiratory droplets on
yourself, another person, or an
object, then touching mucus
membranes (e.g., mouth, nose, eyes)
without washing hands
Infectious and Incubation Period
 Infected persons are assumed to be contagious from
one day prior to illness onset until at least 24 hours
after fever is gone.
 Fever
should be gone without the use of feverreducing medicine.
 Incubation period: 1-4 days could be as long as 7
days, 2 days average (similar to seasonal flu)
What is the difference between Pandemic Flu and
Seasonal Flu?
Seasonal Flu
Pandemic Flu
 Respiratory illness caused by
 Global flu outbreak
a flu virus.
 Some local outbreaks or
epidemics
 Some immunity among
people in the community
 About 20% of population ill
during flu season
 Occurs when new influenza
A virus emerges
 Little or no immunity in
people
 Large numbers of people
become ill and many die
 Approximately 30-50% of
population ill.
Past Influenza Pandemics
Credit: US National Museum of Health and Medicine
1918: “Spanish Flu”
A(H1N1)
20-40 m deaths
675,000 US deaths
1957: “Asian Flu”
A(H2N2)
1-4 m deaths
70,000 US deaths
1968: “Hong Kong Flu”
A(H3N2)
1-4 m deaths
34,000 US deaths
August 13, 2009: 1,799 deaths
August 20, 2009: 7,983 Hospitalizations, 522 deaths
H1N1 Influenza
 CDC estimated >1 million cases had already occurred.
 CDC expects that more cases, more hospitalizations, and
more deaths from this outbreak will continue to occur.
 Seasonal influenza results in approx. 36,000 deaths and
more than 200,000 hospitalizations.
 Because this is a new virus, most people will not have
immunity to it.
 The H1N1 vaccine is currently in clinical trials…..
Public Health Actions
 Implemented the emergency response plan
 Information Dissemination
 CDC’s Division of the Strategic National Stockpile (SNS) has
sent 25% of the SNS stockpile of antiviral drugs to local
jurisdictions
 Meetings with response partners and community
organizations
 Inventory of PPE and local needs
 Epidemiology and Planning Activities (surveillance, disease
investigation, antiviral distribution planning, mass vaccination
clinic planning, etc.)
Prevention Messages
 Hand washing and use of hand gels
 Avoid touching your Eyes, Nose and




Mouth
Stay home if you are ill and keep
children home if they are ill.
Cough Etiquette
Vaccination
Family Preparedness
Family Preparedness
 What are the signs and symptoms of the flu?
 What are warning signs that require evaluation by
healthcare provider?
 What is social distancing and why it is important?
 What can families do to prevent the spread of flu?
Get medical care right away if the sick person at home:
 has difficulty breathing or chest pain
 has purple or blue discoloration of the lips
 is vomiting and unable to keep liquids down
 has signs of dehydration such as dizziness when standing,
absence of urination, or in infants, a lack of tears when
they cry
 has seizures (for example, uncontrolled convulsions)
 is less responsive than normal or becomes confused
Take these everyday steps to protect
your health
 Cover your nose and mouth with a tissue or the crook of
your elbow when you cough or sneeze. Throw the tissue
in the trash after you use it.
 Avoid touching your eyes, nose or mouth.
Germs spread this way.
 Hand washing
 Avoid contact with sick people.
If you get sick…
 Stay home if you’re sick.
 Until
you’ve been free from a fever for 24
hours, without the use of fever reducing
medications.
 If you are sick, limit your contact
with other people as much as possible.
Social Distancing
 Social distancing measures include:
 Closing
schools
 Canceling public gatherings or events
 Planning for work leave policies
 Working from home
 Staying home if sick
 Some or all of these may be recommended for
the public depending on the situation.
Personal Preparedness For Pandemic
 Plan
 How will ill family members be cared for, identify needed supplies,
unemployment?
 Prepare items for an extended stay at home
 Food, medications, medical supplies
 Preventing the spread of illness
 Knowledge (Hand washing, social distancing, etc)
 Personal protection equipment (masks)
 Cleaners/disinfectant
 Plan for social distancing measures
 Listen for information.
Summary
 For the most current information on the H1N1
influenza outbreak, visit http://www.cdc.gov/h1n1flu/
and www.taneycohealth.org
 Missouri, CDC, WHO, and public health officials
worldwide are carefully monitoring the situation.
 Follow all recommendations for preventing the spread
of influenza.
Resources
 http://www.cdc.gov/h1n1flu/
 http://www.cdc.gov/h1n1flu/espanol/
 1-800-CDC-INFO (1-800-232-4636)
 http://www.who.int/csr/disease/swineflu/en/index.html
 http://www.cdc.gov/h1n1flu/guidance_homecare.htm
http://www.epa.gov/oppad001/influenza-disinfectants.html