Transcript 01 - Znanje.org

Intellectual Property
“Gift of Fire”
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Intellectual Property
- Have you ever give a CD to a friend that contained a
copy of a computer game or a programs?
- Have you ever record a televised movie to watch later?
- Have you downloaded music or a movie from the Web
without paying for it?
- Have you e-mailed a copy of an on line newspaper or
magazine article to a dozen friends?
- Have you set up a Web site … with short video from
performance?
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What is protected
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What is protected
- Books
- Articles
- Plays
- Songs (music and lyrics)
- Work of art
- Movies
- Software
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What properties of ITK are used in a abuse of IP
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What properties of ITK are used in a abuse of IP pp 237
The computer and communication technologies high
quality of copying and high-quantity distribution easy and
cheap.
- Storage of all sorts of information in standard formats
- High-volume relatively inexpensive digital storage media
(hard disk, CD, DVD,…)
- Character scanners and image scanners converting to
digitized electronic form.
- Compression formats MP3, DivX (small files for
download, copy, store).
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What properties of ITK are used in a abuse of IP pp 237
- The easy of copying digitized material.
- The easy of distributing digitized material over computer
network
- The easy of transferring of files by large number of users.
Price go down
Example of CD – driver, now CD/DVD driver is part of each
PC.
Terms
What does mean “Software piracy” - unauthorized
copying of software.
What does mean “First sell” – The publisher has the right
only to the “first sell” of a copy. The buyer of the book
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must not make additional copyes, but may transfer the
Terms
What does mean “Software piracy” - unauthorized
copying of software.
What does mean “First sell” – The publisher has the right
only to the “first sell” of a copy. The buyer of the book
must not make additional copyies, but may transfer the
purchased copy. Publisher,
“Making of another copy” of the digital work – browsing and
transferring a copy on a computer network require M of A
C.
Restriction on copying has been the key element of
copyright law for literary work. music, software, and so on.
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Choose
What is allowed
To pass a magazine around among 12 friends so they can
read a particular article
To make 12 copies and mail them ot friends who do not live
nearby.
To scan the article and post a copy of it on a Webpage
A college professor to clip out and post a newspaper or
magazine article on the bulletin board outside her office for
any member of the campus community to read,
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Answers
Allow or not
OK
To pass a magazine around among 12 friends so they can
read a particular article
Not
To make 12 copies and mail them ot friends who do not live
nearby.
OK
A college professor to clip out and post a newspaper or
magazine article on the bulletin board outside her office for
any member of the campus community to read,
Not
To scan the article and post a copy of it on a Webpage
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History
What are steps of developing copyright low
Music
Internet
Video
Books
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History
The first copyright low: covered books, maps and charts.
Later low was extended to cover: photography, sound
recording and movies.
At the beginning of the 19 Century: It had to be in form
that could be seen and read visually.
Based on the copying a song onto a perforated pianomusic roll.
1960/70 government recognized copyrights for software
and databases .
Example: A chess program stored in ROM chip in a handheld computer.
1976/80 copyright low revised to cover software.
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Possibility to break copyright low
How many people have possibility to break low if it is easy,
or penalties are weak (kazne su slabe).
Software started to be worth (big amount of money is
involved in this industry) it is reason why it become so well
regulated by copyright low. The industry responded by
pressing for explicit legal limitations on copying and for
stiffer penalties for software copyright infringement.
accompanied
felony
stiffer
infringement
circumstance у пратњи
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Possibility to break copyright low
Why is so many speech about Intellectual property?
Notes:
Technology
Possibility of connection
Accessibility of data and technology
others…
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Possibility to break copyright low
How many people have possibility to break low if it is easy,
or penalties are weak (kazne su slabe).
Software started to be worth (big amount of money is
involved in this industry) it is reason why it become so well
regulated by copyright low. The industry responded by
pressing for explicit legal limitations on copying and for
stiffer penalties for software copyright infringement.
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Company could be prosecuted if the ten employees out of
hundreds or thousands have an illegal copy of a program
on their computers.
The Fair-use Doctrine
1.
The purpose and nature of the use, including
whether it is for commercial purposes or nonprofit
purposes. (Copying for commercial purposes is less likely
to be fair use.)
2.
The nature of the copyrighted work. (Creative work,
such as a novel, has more protection than factual work.)
3.
The amount and significance of the portion used.
4.
The effect of the use on the potential market for or
value of the copyrighted work. (Uses that reduce sales of
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the original work are less likely to be considered fair).
Accompanied
felony
Stiffer
infringement
circumstance
Penalty
Creative work
copyrighted work.
у пратњи
злочин
оштријим
прекршај
околност
казна
Стваралачки рад
Ауторскa права.
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