Transcript Heart Lungs - Moody High School PD Wiki

Adult Chain of Survival
Early
Recognition
and Early
Access
(Phone 911)
Early
CPR
Early
Early
Defibrillation Advanced
Care
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Function of the Heart
and Lungs
 The heart and lungs
provide oxygenated blood
to the body, including the
brain and the heart
muscle
 The lungs add oxygen to
the blood and remove
carbon dioxide
 The heart pumps
(circulates) blood
through the lungs and
then to the body, including
the brain and the heart
muscle
Heart
Lungs
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The Path of Oxygen
Upper
airway
 Oxygen enters the
body through the
mouth and nose
with each breath
 Oxygen travels
through the air
passages into the lung
tissue
 Oxygen moves
through the lung
tissue into the blood
Lower
airway
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Function of the
Heart
 Double pump:
– Pumps blood through lungs to collect oxygen
– Then pumps blood to the body to deliver
oxygen
 Pumps (beats) about 70 times a minute in
adults
 Each heartbeat is triggered by an electrical
impulse
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Heart Attack
A heart attack happens when
part of the heart muscle dies
because it does not receive
enough blood and oxygen.
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Signs of Heart
Attack
 In persons with known heart disease:
– Chest pain or discomfort not relieved after 5 minutes of rest
and 1 dose of nitroglycerin
 In persons without known heart disease:
– Chest pain or discomfort that persists for 5 minutes despite
rest
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Actions for Survival
Recognize the signs
of a heart attack
Have victim stop activity and
sit or lie down
Give victim nitroglycerin if victim has
known heart disease
If pain lasts for more than
5 minutes:
Phone emergency response number
(or 911)
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Sudden Cardiac Arrest
 Cardiac arrest is present when the heart
stops pumping blood
 A common cause of cardiac arrest in
adults is an abnormal heart rhythm called
ventricular fibrillation (VF):
– In VF the heart quivers uselessly and does not
pump blood
– VF requires CPR and an immediate electric
shock — defibrillation — to stop the VF. This
will allow the normal heart rhythm to return.
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Sudden Cardiac Arrest
 The best chance for survival depends on
early CPR and early defibrillation
 For every minute that passes without CPR
and defibrillation, the victim’s chance of
survival falls
4 minutes: Brain injury can occur
10-12 minutes: Chance of
survival is small unless CPR
provided
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Stroke
Block in or bleeding from a
blood vessel in the brain
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Signs of Stroke
 Sudden numbness or weakness of the face,
arm, or leg, especially on one side of the
body.
– The victim may suddenly fall or may have difficulty
walking or moving.
 Sudden confusion, trouble speaking or
understanding. The person may suddenly:
– be unable to think of correct words to use in a
conversation
– slur words
– be unable to understand what you are saying
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Signs of Stroke (continued)
 Sudden trouble seeing in one or both eyes.
 Sudden trouble walking, dizziness, loss of
balance or coordination.
 Sudden very bad headache with no known
cause.
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Signs of possible stroke
—
phone or have someone
else phone your
emergency response
number (or 911)
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The Importance of Early
Treatment for Stroke
If you suspect a stroke,
the earlier treatment is
provided, the better the
outcome.
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Causes of Death in
Infants and Children
Risk may be reduced for:
– Motor vehicle crashes, being struck by a
vehicle, or in a vehicle that crashes
– Firearms or falls
– Airway obstruction by a foreign object
– Choking by suffocation
– Burns and smoke inhalation
– Sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS)
– Poisoning
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Injury Prevention:
Motor Vehicles
 Buckle up! Everyone!
 Children up to 4 years and 40 lb:
use child-restraint device (install correctly!)
 Children 40-80 lb: use belt-positioning
booster seat
 Children taller than 58 inches and more than
80 lb and adults: use lap and shoulder belt
 Children 12 years or younger should sit in the
BACK seat
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Injury Prevention
 Pedestrians
– Supervise children near traffic
– Teach children to stop, look, and listen
before crossing the street and to use
crosswalks
 Bicycles
– Always wear bike helmet (ANSI- or
Snell-approved)
– Ride on right side of road; avoid busy
streets
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Injury Prevention
 Drowning
– Supervise children near water, including bathtubs
and pools, at all times!
– Completely surround outdoor pools with fences
– Be sure children wear life vests when swimming in a
natural body of water or boating
 Firearms
– Store all firearms UNLOADED and LOCKED
 Burns and smoke inhalation
– Use smoke alarms (check batteries twice a year)
– Keep drapes and furniture away from heaters
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Injury Prevention
 Poisonings
– Keep poison out of reach of children
– Do not store in drinking containers or
bottles
– Place poison control number near phone
 Falls
– In high buildings place gates on all
windows in children’s rooms
– Use gates to block stairways from infants
and toddlers
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Injury Prevention
 Sudden infant death syndrome
– Place healthy infants to sleep on their backs (“Back
to sleep”)
– Do not put any stuffed toys or fluffy comforters or
quilts in the crib with the baby
 Choking
– Do not allow infants and small children to play with
small toys
– If a toy is small enough to fit in a standard toilet
paper roll, it can block a child's airway
 Suffocation
– Do not allow infants or children to play with plastic
bags, balloons, or drapery cords
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